Texas Teacher Certification Test: ELA &
Reading Answered Correctly!!!
Phonemes CORRECT ANSWERS basic units of sound
Semantics CORRECT ANSWERS The way meaning is generated in language also
including the way words, phrases, and sentences combine in ways that make sense.
How meaning is conveyed in a language through the use of its vocabulary
Syntax CORRECT ANSWERS The way words are placed, organized, and arranged in a
language
Language Acquisition is made of 3 main components: CORRECT ANSWERS 1. innate
abilities and mechanism of the learner
2. exposure to the speech of caretakers and parents
3. the interaction of children in their immediate linguistic environment
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) CORRECT ANSWERS Something all humans are
born with that give us the mechanisms and abilities to acquire language. This is
universal and adapts to the languages being exposed or learned.
Language only emerges if this is triggered by stimuli from people in the child's
environment
6 Key components of language: CORRECT ANSWERS phonology, morphology,
syntax, lexicon, pragmatics, semantics
Phonology CORRECT ANSWERS The study of the sound system of language
Graphemes CORRECT ANSWERS Individual letters that represent phonemes
Morphology CORRECT ANSWERS Study of the structure of words and word formation
Morphemes CORRECT ANSWERS the smallest unit of meaning in a language
Lexicon CORRECT ANSWERS Refers to the vocabulary of a language
Ex: the word "hot"
-meanings can be temperature, sexy, fashionable, lucky
-these meanings can change based on context or historical framework
Pragmatics CORRECT ANSWERS How context can affect the interpretation of
communication. The hidden rules of communication understood by native speakers of
the same language
, Connotation CORRECT ANSWERS The implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation CORRECT ANSWERS The literal of words and ideas (Dictionary definition)
Babbling or Pre-Language Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 0-6 months. use reflexive
crying to communicate. Play vocally
Holophrastic or One-Word Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 11-19 months. Imitate the
inflections and facial expression of adults. Can recognize their name and follow simple
instructions. Understand word concepts.
Two-word Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 13-24 months. Children produce rudimentary
phrases characterized by a combination of pivot and open words.
Pivot word CORRECT ANSWERS Words that accomplish multiple functions (no, up, all,
see, more, and gone)
Open word CORRECT ANSWERS Word that refer to one concept (home, milk, doggy,
juice, pants)
Telegraphic stage CORRECT ANSWERS 18-27 months. The child is beyond two-word
communication. Most words are content words that convey more meaning and can be
used in multiple situations. Children use words as they have heard them. Includes
nouns, adjectives, and verbs but prepositions and articles are limited
Dramatic Play CORRECT ANSWERS A type of play where students get the opportunity
to role-play simulations of real life
Language Play CORRECT ANSWERS A type of play involving rhyme, alliteration,
songs, and repetitive patterns
What are the four classifications of language disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Voice
Fluency
Articulation
Language Processing
What are two types of voice disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Phonation disorder and
Resonance disorder
What are two types of disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Stuttering and Clustering
_______________ is an articulation problem. CORRECT ANSWERS Lisping
What is a brain-based disturbance that causes language processing disorders?
CORRECT ANSWERS Aphasia
Reading Answered Correctly!!!
Phonemes CORRECT ANSWERS basic units of sound
Semantics CORRECT ANSWERS The way meaning is generated in language also
including the way words, phrases, and sentences combine in ways that make sense.
How meaning is conveyed in a language through the use of its vocabulary
Syntax CORRECT ANSWERS The way words are placed, organized, and arranged in a
language
Language Acquisition is made of 3 main components: CORRECT ANSWERS 1. innate
abilities and mechanism of the learner
2. exposure to the speech of caretakers and parents
3. the interaction of children in their immediate linguistic environment
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) CORRECT ANSWERS Something all humans are
born with that give us the mechanisms and abilities to acquire language. This is
universal and adapts to the languages being exposed or learned.
Language only emerges if this is triggered by stimuli from people in the child's
environment
6 Key components of language: CORRECT ANSWERS phonology, morphology,
syntax, lexicon, pragmatics, semantics
Phonology CORRECT ANSWERS The study of the sound system of language
Graphemes CORRECT ANSWERS Individual letters that represent phonemes
Morphology CORRECT ANSWERS Study of the structure of words and word formation
Morphemes CORRECT ANSWERS the smallest unit of meaning in a language
Lexicon CORRECT ANSWERS Refers to the vocabulary of a language
Ex: the word "hot"
-meanings can be temperature, sexy, fashionable, lucky
-these meanings can change based on context or historical framework
Pragmatics CORRECT ANSWERS How context can affect the interpretation of
communication. The hidden rules of communication understood by native speakers of
the same language
, Connotation CORRECT ANSWERS The implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation CORRECT ANSWERS The literal of words and ideas (Dictionary definition)
Babbling or Pre-Language Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 0-6 months. use reflexive
crying to communicate. Play vocally
Holophrastic or One-Word Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 11-19 months. Imitate the
inflections and facial expression of adults. Can recognize their name and follow simple
instructions. Understand word concepts.
Two-word Stage CORRECT ANSWERS 13-24 months. Children produce rudimentary
phrases characterized by a combination of pivot and open words.
Pivot word CORRECT ANSWERS Words that accomplish multiple functions (no, up, all,
see, more, and gone)
Open word CORRECT ANSWERS Word that refer to one concept (home, milk, doggy,
juice, pants)
Telegraphic stage CORRECT ANSWERS 18-27 months. The child is beyond two-word
communication. Most words are content words that convey more meaning and can be
used in multiple situations. Children use words as they have heard them. Includes
nouns, adjectives, and verbs but prepositions and articles are limited
Dramatic Play CORRECT ANSWERS A type of play where students get the opportunity
to role-play simulations of real life
Language Play CORRECT ANSWERS A type of play involving rhyme, alliteration,
songs, and repetitive patterns
What are the four classifications of language disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Voice
Fluency
Articulation
Language Processing
What are two types of voice disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Phonation disorder and
Resonance disorder
What are two types of disorders? CORRECT ANSWERS Stuttering and Clustering
_______________ is an articulation problem. CORRECT ANSWERS Lisping
What is a brain-based disturbance that causes language processing disorders?
CORRECT ANSWERS Aphasia
