Chemotherapy/Immunotherapy Certificate Course (ONS, ONCC) Questions and Answers Latest Version 100% Pass

Chemotherapy/Immunotherapy Certificate Course (ONS, ONCC) Questions and Answers Latest Version 100% Pass What are the common side effects of chemotherapy? Common side effects include nausea, fatigue, hair loss, increased risk of infection, and low blood counts. Why do chemotherapy patients experience hair loss? Hair loss occurs because chemotherapy targets all rapidly dividing cells, including those in hair follicles, disrupting hair growth. What are monoclonal antibodies in immunotherapy? Monoclonal antibodies are lab-made molecules that can target specific proteins on cancer cells, marking them for destruction by the immune system. How can chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting be managed? Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be managed with antiemetic medications, hydration, and dietary changes. 2 What is a common challenge in treating cancer with chemotherapy? A common challenge is that chemotherapy can also damage healthy cells, leading to side effects such as fatigue and weakened immunity. What is chemotherapy primarily used to treat? Chemotherapy is primarily used to treat cancer by killing rapidly dividing cells or inhibiting their growth. What is the difference between chemotherapy and immunotherapy? Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, while immunotherapy boosts or modifies the immune system to recognize and fight cancer cells. How do chemotherapy drugs work at the cellular level? Chemotherapy drugs work by interfering with the cancer cell’s ability to divide and grow, leading to cell death or inhibition of growth. What is the role of the immune system in immunotherapy? 3 Immunotherapy enhances the immune system's ability to detect and destroy cancer cells more effectively. How does targeted therapy differ from traditional chemotherapy? Targeted therapy specifically targets cancer cells by blocking the molecules that promote their growth, while traditional chemotherapy indiscriminately affects both cancerous and normal cells. What are common signs of infection during chemotherapy treatment? Common signs of infection include fever, chills, sore throat, and difficulty breathing, especially due to a weakened immune system from chemotherapy. What is the role of cytokines in immunotherapy? Cytokines are proteins that help regulate immune system responses and are often used in immunotherapy to enhance the body's immune response to cancer cells. What are the potential risks of immunotherapy? Immunotherapy can lead to autoimmune reactions, where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, causing inflammation and damage. 4 Why is it important to monitor blood counts during chemotherapy? Monitoring blood counts is important because chemotherapy can lower white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, increasing the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding. How is chemotherapy administered to patients? Chemotherapy can be administered orally, intravenously, or through injections, depending on the type of cancer and the specific chemotherapy drugs used. What role does radiation therapy play in cancer treatment alongside chemotherapy? Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors, and it is often combined with chemotherapy to increase effectiveness. How does chemotherapy affect the gastrointestinal system? Chemotherapy can cause damage to the gastrointestinal lining, leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mouth sores. What is a common immunotherapy side effect related to skin health? A common immunotherapy side effect is skin rash, as the immune system is stimulated and may cause inflammation in the skin. 5 Why is hydration important during chemotherapy