PULMONARY ROSH EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
LATEST 2025/2026
A 4-year-old boy presents to your office with his mother to discuss concerning
symptoms of shortness of breath, facial swelling, cough, and development of
urticaria after eating peanut butter for the first time. The patient is referred to an
allergy specialist and both skin prick and immunoglobulin E antibody testing
results are positive for peanut allergy. Which of the following is the first
priority in caring
for this patient?
A. Access to injectable epinephrine
B. Avoid all nuts, seeds, and legumes
C. Oral desensitization to peanuts
D. Physician-supervised oral food challenge
Access to injectable epinephrine
A 15-Year-Old Boy Presents To The Clinic With Fever, Posterior Cervical
Lymphadenopathy, Sore Throat, And Splenomegaly. Which Of The Following
Is The Best Test To Confirm The Most Likely Diagnosis?
A. Epstein-Barr virus-specific antibodies
B. Heterophile antibody test
C. Rapid antigen detection test
,D. Throat culture
Heterophile antibody test
A 7-Year-Old Girl Presents To Her Pediatrician With A Malar Rash With
Circumoral Pallor. Her Mother States That The Rash Was Preceded By Fever
And Rhinorrhea. Which Of The Following Is The Most Likely Causative
Pathogen?
A. Human herpesvirus 6
B. Parvovirus B19
C. Rubella
D. Rubeola
Parvovirus B19
A 6-Year-Old Boy Is Brought To The Clinic For Evaluation Of Headache,
Generalized Malaise, And Myalgia That Began Three Days After His Return
From Camping. Laboratory Studies Confirm The Suspected Diagnosis Of
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Which Of The Following Is The Appropriate
Treatment?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Clarithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Penicillin G
Doxycycline
A 12-year-old girl is referred to you for treatment of scoliosis which was
discovered on a recent physical examination. She is in good health, has no
back pain, and her neurologic examination is normal. X-rays show a right
thoracic curve with a Cobb angle of 32° and a left lumbar curve with a Cobb
angle of 26°. Which of the following pieces of information will be most
helpful in deciding whether bracing is appropriate for this patient?
A. Genetic testing
,B. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine
C. Measurement of the patient’s and parents’ height
D. X-ray of the pelvis
X- ray of the pelvis
An 8-Year-Old Boy Presents For His Annual Physical With Complaints Of
Night-Time Cough And Intermittent Wheezing. Which Of The Following
Diagnostic Studies Would Confirm A Diagnosis Of Asthma?
A. Arterial blood gas
B. Bronchoscopy
C. Chest radiograph
D. Spirometry
Spirometry
A 10-Month-Old Boy Presents To The Emergency Department With A
Widespread Maculopapular Rash. His Mother States He Had A Fever For Three
Days That Suddenly Resolved Prior To The Development Of The Rash. Which
Of The Following Infectious Exanthems Is The Most Likely Cause?
A. Erythema infectiosum
B. Roseola infantum
C. Rubella
D. Rubeola
Roseola infantum
A 13-Year-Old Obese Boy Presents To The Clinic With Insidious Left- Sided
Hip Pain And Altered Gait For The Past Three Months. The Hip Pain Is Worse
With Activity. He Reports No History Of Trauma. Based on the X-ray above,
which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s hip pain?
A. Avascular necrosis of the hip
B. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
, C. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
D. Transient synovitis
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
A 4-Year-Old Boy Who Is Otherwise Healthy Presents To His Pediatrician
With A Widespread Rash. The Rash Has Vesicular Lesions In Multiple Stages
Involving The Face, Trunk, And Extremities. Which Of The Following
Symptoms Is Another Common Clinical Finding Of This Condition?
A. Conjunctivitis
B. Dermatomal distribution of the rash
C. Inflammation of the parotid glands
D. Prodrome of fever and pharyngitis
Prodrome of fever and pharyngitis
A 6-year-old boy is brought into the emergency department for two days of neck
pain, severe sore throat, and fever after recovering from a recent cold. Upon
physical exam, the patient has a fever of 102°F and has decreased range of
motion of the neck. He also has bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, has
difficulty opening his mouth, and refuses to swallow. A lateral neck X-ray
shows some soft tissue swelling anterior to the cervical vertebrae from C2–C4.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Angioedema
B. Foreign body aspiration
C. Peritonsillar abscess
D. Retropharyngeal abscess
Retropharyngeal abscess
An 8-Year-Old Boy In Thailand Presents To A Clinic With Abdominal
Discomfort, Decreased Appetite, Nausea, And Vomiting. Stool Microscopy Is
Done And Shows Ova Characteristic Of Roundworm Infection. Which Of The
Following Is The Most Likely Diagnosis?
A. Ancylostomiasis
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
LATEST 2025/2026
A 4-year-old boy presents to your office with his mother to discuss concerning
symptoms of shortness of breath, facial swelling, cough, and development of
urticaria after eating peanut butter for the first time. The patient is referred to an
allergy specialist and both skin prick and immunoglobulin E antibody testing
results are positive for peanut allergy. Which of the following is the first
priority in caring
for this patient?
A. Access to injectable epinephrine
B. Avoid all nuts, seeds, and legumes
C. Oral desensitization to peanuts
D. Physician-supervised oral food challenge
Access to injectable epinephrine
A 15-Year-Old Boy Presents To The Clinic With Fever, Posterior Cervical
Lymphadenopathy, Sore Throat, And Splenomegaly. Which Of The Following
Is The Best Test To Confirm The Most Likely Diagnosis?
A. Epstein-Barr virus-specific antibodies
B. Heterophile antibody test
C. Rapid antigen detection test
,D. Throat culture
Heterophile antibody test
A 7-Year-Old Girl Presents To Her Pediatrician With A Malar Rash With
Circumoral Pallor. Her Mother States That The Rash Was Preceded By Fever
And Rhinorrhea. Which Of The Following Is The Most Likely Causative
Pathogen?
A. Human herpesvirus 6
B. Parvovirus B19
C. Rubella
D. Rubeola
Parvovirus B19
A 6-Year-Old Boy Is Brought To The Clinic For Evaluation Of Headache,
Generalized Malaise, And Myalgia That Began Three Days After His Return
From Camping. Laboratory Studies Confirm The Suspected Diagnosis Of
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Which Of The Following Is The Appropriate
Treatment?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Clarithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Penicillin G
Doxycycline
A 12-year-old girl is referred to you for treatment of scoliosis which was
discovered on a recent physical examination. She is in good health, has no
back pain, and her neurologic examination is normal. X-rays show a right
thoracic curve with a Cobb angle of 32° and a left lumbar curve with a Cobb
angle of 26°. Which of the following pieces of information will be most
helpful in deciding whether bracing is appropriate for this patient?
A. Genetic testing
,B. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine
C. Measurement of the patient’s and parents’ height
D. X-ray of the pelvis
X- ray of the pelvis
An 8-Year-Old Boy Presents For His Annual Physical With Complaints Of
Night-Time Cough And Intermittent Wheezing. Which Of The Following
Diagnostic Studies Would Confirm A Diagnosis Of Asthma?
A. Arterial blood gas
B. Bronchoscopy
C. Chest radiograph
D. Spirometry
Spirometry
A 10-Month-Old Boy Presents To The Emergency Department With A
Widespread Maculopapular Rash. His Mother States He Had A Fever For Three
Days That Suddenly Resolved Prior To The Development Of The Rash. Which
Of The Following Infectious Exanthems Is The Most Likely Cause?
A. Erythema infectiosum
B. Roseola infantum
C. Rubella
D. Rubeola
Roseola infantum
A 13-Year-Old Obese Boy Presents To The Clinic With Insidious Left- Sided
Hip Pain And Altered Gait For The Past Three Months. The Hip Pain Is Worse
With Activity. He Reports No History Of Trauma. Based on the X-ray above,
which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s hip pain?
A. Avascular necrosis of the hip
B. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
, C. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
D. Transient synovitis
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
A 4-Year-Old Boy Who Is Otherwise Healthy Presents To His Pediatrician
With A Widespread Rash. The Rash Has Vesicular Lesions In Multiple Stages
Involving The Face, Trunk, And Extremities. Which Of The Following
Symptoms Is Another Common Clinical Finding Of This Condition?
A. Conjunctivitis
B. Dermatomal distribution of the rash
C. Inflammation of the parotid glands
D. Prodrome of fever and pharyngitis
Prodrome of fever and pharyngitis
A 6-year-old boy is brought into the emergency department for two days of neck
pain, severe sore throat, and fever after recovering from a recent cold. Upon
physical exam, the patient has a fever of 102°F and has decreased range of
motion of the neck. He also has bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, has
difficulty opening his mouth, and refuses to swallow. A lateral neck X-ray
shows some soft tissue swelling anterior to the cervical vertebrae from C2–C4.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Angioedema
B. Foreign body aspiration
C. Peritonsillar abscess
D. Retropharyngeal abscess
Retropharyngeal abscess
An 8-Year-Old Boy In Thailand Presents To A Clinic With Abdominal
Discomfort, Decreased Appetite, Nausea, And Vomiting. Stool Microscopy Is
Done And Shows Ova Characteristic Of Roundworm Infection. Which Of The
Following Is The Most Likely Diagnosis?
A. Ancylostomiasis
