PNB 2250 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
All food is a combination of______ and ________ - CORRECT ANSWER- energy and
needed nutrients
What energy sources are available for animals? - CORRECT ANSWER- sun,
photosynthesis, plants and animals
exception: geothermal vents
How do animals process food? How is this affected by food size? - CORRECT
ANSWER- 1) feeding (inward)
2) digestion (inner)
- catabolism
3)nutrition (inner)
- absorbing needed organic molecules
4) waste loss (outward)
- nitrogen, acid, bacteria, etc
all cells require _____ and produce ____ - CORRECT ANSWER- O2, CO2
Animals must provide: - CORRECT ANSWER- path for food intake
chemical and mechanical digestion
reabsorption of nutrients
loss of waste products
How is energy released when bonds break? - CORRECT ANSWER- energy is needed
to make each bond, so it is released when the bond is broken
What is required to make food? - CORRECT ANSWER- entropy
what happens to energy we do not capture? - CORRECT ANSWER- it is released as
heat
why are proteins not meant to be an energy source? - CORRECT ANSWER- peptides
have an N, doesn't give you as much energy per gram as other forms
animal requirements - CORRECT ANSWER- be able to detect food (sophisticated CNS)
bring food into a space where an animal can recover as much bond energy as possible
(internal or external)
treat food in a manner in which waste products can also be expelled
, What factors affect feeding? - CORRECT ANSWER- food size, shape, complexity (bond
number)
what you eat depends on size of mouth, teeth, jaw, esophagus
T/F: All animals have the enzymatic machinery to generate ATP from the metabolism of
glucose - CORRECT ANSWER- true
can you extract food better in air or seawater? - CORRECT ANSWER- seawater
small food particles - CORRECT ANSWER- endocytosis or filtering
more organic activity in deep areas or up top? - CORRECT ANSWER- by shore line is
where more organic activity happens
chicken adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER- gizzard: grinding with stones
crop: storage sire
stomach: storage and digestion
Do all animals digest the same way? - CORRECT ANSWER- No, no animal is a
universal digester
Humans have a symbiotic relationship with ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER-
bacteria
what are specialized secretions? - CORRECT ANSWER- acid/enzymes to increase
efficiency
Krebs Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER- generates energy from oxidation of pyruvate
what do fermenters do for us? - CORRECT ANSWER- bacteria, anaerobes can convert
glucose to different forms which we take and put into kreb's cycle
what does the smooth muscle in the stomach wall allow us to do? - CORRECT
ANSWER- allows us to be metabolically active, accelerates the chemistry
what is absorbed in the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER- aspirin and alochol, the rest
are absorbed in the intestines
All food is a combination of______ and ________ - CORRECT ANSWER- energy and
needed nutrients
What energy sources are available for animals? - CORRECT ANSWER- sun,
photosynthesis, plants and animals
exception: geothermal vents
How do animals process food? How is this affected by food size? - CORRECT
ANSWER- 1) feeding (inward)
2) digestion (inner)
- catabolism
3)nutrition (inner)
- absorbing needed organic molecules
4) waste loss (outward)
- nitrogen, acid, bacteria, etc
all cells require _____ and produce ____ - CORRECT ANSWER- O2, CO2
Animals must provide: - CORRECT ANSWER- path for food intake
chemical and mechanical digestion
reabsorption of nutrients
loss of waste products
How is energy released when bonds break? - CORRECT ANSWER- energy is needed
to make each bond, so it is released when the bond is broken
What is required to make food? - CORRECT ANSWER- entropy
what happens to energy we do not capture? - CORRECT ANSWER- it is released as
heat
why are proteins not meant to be an energy source? - CORRECT ANSWER- peptides
have an N, doesn't give you as much energy per gram as other forms
animal requirements - CORRECT ANSWER- be able to detect food (sophisticated CNS)
bring food into a space where an animal can recover as much bond energy as possible
(internal or external)
treat food in a manner in which waste products can also be expelled
, What factors affect feeding? - CORRECT ANSWER- food size, shape, complexity (bond
number)
what you eat depends on size of mouth, teeth, jaw, esophagus
T/F: All animals have the enzymatic machinery to generate ATP from the metabolism of
glucose - CORRECT ANSWER- true
can you extract food better in air or seawater? - CORRECT ANSWER- seawater
small food particles - CORRECT ANSWER- endocytosis or filtering
more organic activity in deep areas or up top? - CORRECT ANSWER- by shore line is
where more organic activity happens
chicken adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER- gizzard: grinding with stones
crop: storage sire
stomach: storage and digestion
Do all animals digest the same way? - CORRECT ANSWER- No, no animal is a
universal digester
Humans have a symbiotic relationship with ___________ - CORRECT ANSWER-
bacteria
what are specialized secretions? - CORRECT ANSWER- acid/enzymes to increase
efficiency
Krebs Cycle - CORRECT ANSWER- generates energy from oxidation of pyruvate
what do fermenters do for us? - CORRECT ANSWER- bacteria, anaerobes can convert
glucose to different forms which we take and put into kreb's cycle
what does the smooth muscle in the stomach wall allow us to do? - CORRECT
ANSWER- allows us to be metabolically active, accelerates the chemistry
what is absorbed in the stomach? - CORRECT ANSWER- aspirin and alochol, the rest
are absorbed in the intestines
