PNB 2250 Exam 2 Questions Answered Correctly Latest 2025
All food is a combination of______ and ________ - Answers energy and needed nutrients
What energy sources are available for animals? - Answers sun, photosynthesis, plants and animals
exception: geothermal vents
How do animals process food? How is this affected by food size? - Answers 1) feeding (inward)
2) digestion (inner)
- catabolism
3)nutrition (inner)
- absorbing needed organic molecules
4) waste loss (outward)
- nitrogen, acid, bacteria, etc
all cells require _____ and produce ____ - Answers O2, CO2
Animals must provide: - Answers path for food intake
chemical and mechanical digestion
reabsorption of nutrients
loss of waste products
How is energy released when bonds break? - Answers energy is needed to make each bond, so it is
released when the bond is broken
What is required to make food? - Answers entropy
what happens to energy we do not capture? - Answers it is released as heat
why are proteins not meant to be an energy source? - Answers peptides have an N, doesn't give you as
much energy per gram as other forms
animal requirements - Answers be able to detect food (sophisticated CNS)
bring food into a space where an animal can recover as much bond energy as possible (internal or
external)
treat food in a manner in which waste products can also be expelled
, What factors affect feeding? - Answers food size, shape, complexity (bond number)
what you eat depends on size of mouth, teeth, jaw, esophagus
T/F: All animals have the enzymatic machinery to generate ATP from the metabolism of glucose -
Answers true
can you extract food better in air or seawater? - Answers seawater
small food particles - Answers endocytosis or filtering
more organic activity in deep areas or up top? - Answers by shore line is where more organic activity
happens
chicken adaptation - Answers gizzard: grinding with stones
crop: storage sire
stomach: storage and digestion
Do all animals digest the same way? - Answers No, no animal is a universal digester
Humans have a symbiotic relationship with ___________ - Answers bacteria
what are specialized secretions? - Answers acid/enzymes to increase efficiency
Krebs Cycle - Answers generates energy from oxidation of pyruvate
what do fermenters do for us? - Answers bacteria, anaerobes can convert glucose to different forms
which we take and put into kreb's cycle
what does the smooth muscle in the stomach wall allow us to do? - Answers allows us to be
metabolically active, accelerates the chemistry
what is absorbed in the stomach? - Answers aspirin and alochol, the rest are absorbed in the intestines
cucinovores - Answers cooking, detoxify food, killing microorganisms; gets rid of the need for a long
stomach because already partially digested
Entrance of digestive system - Answers mouth, begins digestion
tube of digestive system - Answers variable length, time to process food; chemical bonds not easy to
break
bolus - Answers food in digestive tract
when is segmentation vs peristalsis used - Answers segmentation in esophagus
peristalsis in small intestine
All food is a combination of______ and ________ - Answers energy and needed nutrients
What energy sources are available for animals? - Answers sun, photosynthesis, plants and animals
exception: geothermal vents
How do animals process food? How is this affected by food size? - Answers 1) feeding (inward)
2) digestion (inner)
- catabolism
3)nutrition (inner)
- absorbing needed organic molecules
4) waste loss (outward)
- nitrogen, acid, bacteria, etc
all cells require _____ and produce ____ - Answers O2, CO2
Animals must provide: - Answers path for food intake
chemical and mechanical digestion
reabsorption of nutrients
loss of waste products
How is energy released when bonds break? - Answers energy is needed to make each bond, so it is
released when the bond is broken
What is required to make food? - Answers entropy
what happens to energy we do not capture? - Answers it is released as heat
why are proteins not meant to be an energy source? - Answers peptides have an N, doesn't give you as
much energy per gram as other forms
animal requirements - Answers be able to detect food (sophisticated CNS)
bring food into a space where an animal can recover as much bond energy as possible (internal or
external)
treat food in a manner in which waste products can also be expelled
, What factors affect feeding? - Answers food size, shape, complexity (bond number)
what you eat depends on size of mouth, teeth, jaw, esophagus
T/F: All animals have the enzymatic machinery to generate ATP from the metabolism of glucose -
Answers true
can you extract food better in air or seawater? - Answers seawater
small food particles - Answers endocytosis or filtering
more organic activity in deep areas or up top? - Answers by shore line is where more organic activity
happens
chicken adaptation - Answers gizzard: grinding with stones
crop: storage sire
stomach: storage and digestion
Do all animals digest the same way? - Answers No, no animal is a universal digester
Humans have a symbiotic relationship with ___________ - Answers bacteria
what are specialized secretions? - Answers acid/enzymes to increase efficiency
Krebs Cycle - Answers generates energy from oxidation of pyruvate
what do fermenters do for us? - Answers bacteria, anaerobes can convert glucose to different forms
which we take and put into kreb's cycle
what does the smooth muscle in the stomach wall allow us to do? - Answers allows us to be
metabolically active, accelerates the chemistry
what is absorbed in the stomach? - Answers aspirin and alochol, the rest are absorbed in the intestines
cucinovores - Answers cooking, detoxify food, killing microorganisms; gets rid of the need for a long
stomach because already partially digested
Entrance of digestive system - Answers mouth, begins digestion
tube of digestive system - Answers variable length, time to process food; chemical bonds not easy to
break
bolus - Answers food in digestive tract
when is segmentation vs peristalsis used - Answers segmentation in esophagus
peristalsis in small intestine
