Loma 311 Chapter 2 Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
criminal
laws - ✔✔laws that define certain acts as crimes and provide specific punishments
for each crime. the government is the party that
prosecutes its case against the individual charged with the crime
civil
laws - ✔✔laws that are concerned with private—that is, nongovernmental—rights
and remedies.
Public law - ✔✔those areas of the law that affect the public
interest and that govern relationships between the government and nongovernmental
parties.
Private law - ✔✔areas of the law that primarily involve
disputes between nongovernmental parties.
Civil litigation - ✔✔judicial process by which private parties go to
court to enforce a legal right or to obtain a remedy for a civil wrong
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, cause of action - ✔✔a set of facts that gives a
person the right to judicial relief
cause of action arises when - ✔✔(1) one person
has a legal right, (2) another person has a legal duty to observe that right, (3) the
second person breaches her legal duty, and (4) the first person suffers a loss or
injury as a result of that breach.
contract - ✔✔legally enforceable
agreement between two or more parties; the agreement consists of a promise
or a set of promises.
breach of contract - ✔✔the failure of a party to perform a contractual
obligation.
tort - ✔✔a private wrong—other than a breach of contract—
for which the law provides a remedy to the wronged party
plaintiff, - ✔✔Judicial proceedings begin when an injured party, known as the
defendant. - ✔✔files
papers with the court setting out her cause of action against the other party, who
is known as the
parties - ✔✔The plaintiff and defendant are known as
person - ✔✔a natural person or an entity, such as a corporation, that the law recognizes
as having legal rights and duties
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers
criminal
laws - ✔✔laws that define certain acts as crimes and provide specific punishments
for each crime. the government is the party that
prosecutes its case against the individual charged with the crime
civil
laws - ✔✔laws that are concerned with private—that is, nongovernmental—rights
and remedies.
Public law - ✔✔those areas of the law that affect the public
interest and that govern relationships between the government and nongovernmental
parties.
Private law - ✔✔areas of the law that primarily involve
disputes between nongovernmental parties.
Civil litigation - ✔✔judicial process by which private parties go to
court to enforce a legal right or to obtain a remedy for a civil wrong
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, cause of action - ✔✔a set of facts that gives a
person the right to judicial relief
cause of action arises when - ✔✔(1) one person
has a legal right, (2) another person has a legal duty to observe that right, (3) the
second person breaches her legal duty, and (4) the first person suffers a loss or
injury as a result of that breach.
contract - ✔✔legally enforceable
agreement between two or more parties; the agreement consists of a promise
or a set of promises.
breach of contract - ✔✔the failure of a party to perform a contractual
obligation.
tort - ✔✔a private wrong—other than a breach of contract—
for which the law provides a remedy to the wronged party
plaintiff, - ✔✔Judicial proceedings begin when an injured party, known as the
defendant. - ✔✔files
papers with the court setting out her cause of action against the other party, who
is known as the
parties - ✔✔The plaintiff and defendant are known as
person - ✔✔a natural person or an entity, such as a corporation, that the law recognizes
as having legal rights and duties
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
