HRIR 3450 Test 1 2025 Questions
and Answers
T or F? A non-union employee might file a complaint with the appropriate labour
relations board, and the Board might order the employer to reinstate the employee. -
✔✔False: the non-union employees can sue the employer in the court of law and the
court of law in most jurisdictions does not have the power to force the employer to give
the employee the job back.
T or F? A collective agreement provides that any work done on a Sunday will be paid at
the overtime rate. A union might be required to waive this term of the agreement to
meet its obligations under human rights legislation. That is, the union might be
required to agree to an employee working on Sunday and not be paid overtime if the
employee cannot work on Saturday because of his or her religious belief. - ✔✔True, due
to the duty to accommodate
T or F? Some employers attempt to avoid unionization by paying non-union employees
wages that are equivalent to the wages of unionized employees. - ✔✔True: to threaten
the effect of the union
T or F? A government may pass back-to-work legislation ordering an end to a strike in
the public sector; however, strikes in the private sector cannot be ended by back-to-
work legislation. - ✔✔False: the government can ask the private sector employees to
also go back to work in the name of public inconvenience.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,T or F? Over the past 30 years the percentage of employees who are represented by
Unions has dramatically declined in both Canada and the US. - ✔✔False: the percentage
of union members has drastically declined in the US but not that much in Canada
T or F? When a union attempts to organize employees, there is always a vote held to
determine if the employees wish to be represented by a union. - ✔✔False: it depends on
jurisdiction, for example in Alberta there is a need for representation vote.
T or F? Collective agreements can provide that employees are required to become union
members. Accordingly, an employer could be forced to terminate an employee who
refused to join the union. - ✔✔True: under the concept of union shop, the employer can
hire anyone but upon joining the employee has to become a union member or else
relinquish the job. The U of M follows the union shop philosophy (student workers and
for sessional employee)
T of F? When an employee takes a complaint to his or her union— for example, the
employee alleges termination without cause— the union is required to pursue the
matter with the employer. - ✔✔False: the ownership of the grievance lies with the
union, not the employee.
T or F? In the course of negotiation of a collective agreement, the employer may be
required to reveal information to the union even though the union has not requested it.
- ✔✔True: known as the duty of bargaining in good faith
T or F? When a vote is held to authorize a strike, all employees in the group that would
be on strike are entitled to vote. That is, both union members and employees who are
not union members are entitled to vote. - ✔✔True: as long as the job of all employees
are being impacted they are all entitled to vote
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, T or F? Some public sector employees have the right to strike, provided essential
services are maintained for the public by having some employees continue to work. -
✔✔True: maximum number of union members in Canada work for the public sector.
T or F: unions reduce profitability and productivity - ✔✔False: it is known that
unionized firms are less profitable than non-unionized firms, but that does not mean
the cause of low profitability are the unions. In fact, the responsibility of making profit
belongs to management. Maybe the management is weak, that is why they are unable to
make a profit. After all, they succumbed to being unionized whereas other aggressive
managements like those of Amazon, Walmart, McDonald's never allow unions to be
formed (Apple, Facebook, Google)
Industrial relations - ✔✔the study of unionized and non-unionized organizations,
employee relationships
Labour relations - ✔✔a sub part of industrial relations, deals with unions, and
management of the unionized employees
Legal basis of the relationship- No union - ✔✔individual contract of employment
Legal basis of the relationship- Union - ✔✔Collective agreement
Terms of employment negotiated by- No union - ✔✔Individual employees
Terms of employment negotiated by- Union - ✔✔Union
Dismissal of employee no cause- No union - ✔✔Can be done only a notice period has to
be followed or money equivalent to notice period needs to be paid to an employee
Dismissal of employee no cause- Union - ✔✔Will very highly likely turn into a
grievance which will go all the way to the arbitrator and will result in reinstatement of
the employee
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
and Answers
T or F? A non-union employee might file a complaint with the appropriate labour
relations board, and the Board might order the employer to reinstate the employee. -
✔✔False: the non-union employees can sue the employer in the court of law and the
court of law in most jurisdictions does not have the power to force the employer to give
the employee the job back.
T or F? A collective agreement provides that any work done on a Sunday will be paid at
the overtime rate. A union might be required to waive this term of the agreement to
meet its obligations under human rights legislation. That is, the union might be
required to agree to an employee working on Sunday and not be paid overtime if the
employee cannot work on Saturday because of his or her religious belief. - ✔✔True, due
to the duty to accommodate
T or F? Some employers attempt to avoid unionization by paying non-union employees
wages that are equivalent to the wages of unionized employees. - ✔✔True: to threaten
the effect of the union
T or F? A government may pass back-to-work legislation ordering an end to a strike in
the public sector; however, strikes in the private sector cannot be ended by back-to-
work legislation. - ✔✔False: the government can ask the private sector employees to
also go back to work in the name of public inconvenience.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,T or F? Over the past 30 years the percentage of employees who are represented by
Unions has dramatically declined in both Canada and the US. - ✔✔False: the percentage
of union members has drastically declined in the US but not that much in Canada
T or F? When a union attempts to organize employees, there is always a vote held to
determine if the employees wish to be represented by a union. - ✔✔False: it depends on
jurisdiction, for example in Alberta there is a need for representation vote.
T or F? Collective agreements can provide that employees are required to become union
members. Accordingly, an employer could be forced to terminate an employee who
refused to join the union. - ✔✔True: under the concept of union shop, the employer can
hire anyone but upon joining the employee has to become a union member or else
relinquish the job. The U of M follows the union shop philosophy (student workers and
for sessional employee)
T of F? When an employee takes a complaint to his or her union— for example, the
employee alleges termination without cause— the union is required to pursue the
matter with the employer. - ✔✔False: the ownership of the grievance lies with the
union, not the employee.
T or F? In the course of negotiation of a collective agreement, the employer may be
required to reveal information to the union even though the union has not requested it.
- ✔✔True: known as the duty of bargaining in good faith
T or F? When a vote is held to authorize a strike, all employees in the group that would
be on strike are entitled to vote. That is, both union members and employees who are
not union members are entitled to vote. - ✔✔True: as long as the job of all employees
are being impacted they are all entitled to vote
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, T or F? Some public sector employees have the right to strike, provided essential
services are maintained for the public by having some employees continue to work. -
✔✔True: maximum number of union members in Canada work for the public sector.
T or F: unions reduce profitability and productivity - ✔✔False: it is known that
unionized firms are less profitable than non-unionized firms, but that does not mean
the cause of low profitability are the unions. In fact, the responsibility of making profit
belongs to management. Maybe the management is weak, that is why they are unable to
make a profit. After all, they succumbed to being unionized whereas other aggressive
managements like those of Amazon, Walmart, McDonald's never allow unions to be
formed (Apple, Facebook, Google)
Industrial relations - ✔✔the study of unionized and non-unionized organizations,
employee relationships
Labour relations - ✔✔a sub part of industrial relations, deals with unions, and
management of the unionized employees
Legal basis of the relationship- No union - ✔✔individual contract of employment
Legal basis of the relationship- Union - ✔✔Collective agreement
Terms of employment negotiated by- No union - ✔✔Individual employees
Terms of employment negotiated by- Union - ✔✔Union
Dismissal of employee no cause- No union - ✔✔Can be done only a notice period has to
be followed or money equivalent to notice period needs to be paid to an employee
Dismissal of employee no cause- Union - ✔✔Will very highly likely turn into a
grievance which will go all the way to the arbitrator and will result in reinstatement of
the employee
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY OLIVIA WEST, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
