Medical biochemistry exam 2 questions with correct answers.

Medical biochemistry exam 2 questions with
correct answers
what |are |the |three |types |of |energy |sources |in |humans? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-carbohydrates

protein/amino |acids

fat/lipids



what |are |the |general |functions |of |carbohydrates? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-main |energy |source |for |
brain, |RBC |and |retinal |cells

structural |component |of |DNA/RNA



what |happens |when |your |carbohydrate |intake |exceeds |your |expenditure |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-
glycogenesis |(glucose |to |glycogen)

store |in |adipose |tissue, |muscle |and |tissues/liver |as |fat



what |happens |when |your |carbohydrate |expenditure |exceeds |your |intake? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-
glycogenlysis |(glycogen |to |glucose)




glucogeneoesiss |(carbohydrates |are |endogenously |made |from |amino |acids, |lactate |or |glycerol)



how |do |you |classify |carbohydrates? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-size |of |their |base |carbon |chain |

location |of |carbonyl |group(aldose |vs |ketone)

D |or |L |configuration



aldose |vs |ketose |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-



which |sugars |are |monosaccharides? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-glucose, |fructose |and |galactose?

,reducing |agents



which |sugars |are |disaccharides? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-maltose, |lactose |and |sucrose



which |sugars |are |polysaccharides? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-starch, |glycogen |and |cellulose



what |is |the |configuration |of |carbohydrates |found |in |humans? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D



what |holds |together |disaccharides? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-glycosidic |linkage



can |be |alpha |or |beta



reducing |carbohydrates |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-glucose, |maltose, |fructose, |lactose |and |galactose



needs |a |free |ketone/aldehyde |group



amylase |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-breaks |down |polysaccharides |in |salivary |glands |into |disaccharides



carbohydrate |metabolism |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-eat |starches |and |glycogen

amylase |in |salivary |glands/pancreas |break |down |into |maltose

intestine |breaks |down |into |glucose, |fructose |and |galactose

glucose |enters |metabolic |pathways



glucose |6 |phosphate |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-used |in |all |pathways



glycolysis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-glucose |6 |phosphate |to |pyruvate



aerobic |glycolysis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1 |glucose |produces |36 |ATP

glucose |to |pyruvate

, uses |the |Citric |acid |cycle |and |Krebb's |chain



anaerobic |glycolysis |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-1 |glucose |produces |2 |ATP

pyruvate |to |lactate



insulin |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-lowers |your |glucose |levels |via |uptake |from |body |fluids

increases |glycogenesis, |lipogenesis |and |glycolysis

decreases |glycogenesis

inhibits |glucagon



made |in |the |pancreas's |langerhan |beta |cells



glucagon |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-major |insulin |antagonist

secreted |during |fasting, |stress |and |exercise

increases |glycogenolysis |and |glucongenesis




how |do |you |activate |pro |insulin? |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-cut |at |c |and |n |terminals |to |release |active |
form

c |terminal |is |nonfunctional |but |used |to |test |your |endo/exo |sources |of |insulin



produced |in |pancreatic |alpha |cells |of |islets



epinephrine |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-secreted |during |the |"fight |or |flight" |response

stimulates |the |pancreas |to |produce |glucagon |for |insulin |secretion

increases |glycogenlysis, |glucogenessis, |and |lipolysis



produced |in |the |adrenal |medulla