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NURS 6030 – Exam 1 Study Guide

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NURS 6030 Exam 1, covering fundamental pathophysiology concepts. It reviews cellular injury and adaptation, acid-base balance (metabolic/respiratory acidosis and alkalosis), fluid and electrolyte imbalances (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, etc.), and inflammation (acute vs. chronic, lab markers like ESR and CRP). Additional topics include stress response (cortisol, catecholamines), genetics (dominant vs. recessive inheritance, sex-linked disorders), neoplasia (tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, metastasis), and immune system dysfunction (autoimmune disorders, hypersensitivity types I–IV, HIV pathophysiology).

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1 of 652

Definition



phenotype



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the outward appearance or the movement of water between
visible expression of a gene is ICF and ECF is primarily a function
called of

, the two main classes of membrane ____ are similar to lysosomes but
transport proteins are contain several oxidative enzymes
such as catalase and urate oxidase


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2 of 652

Definition



are electrically charged and dissociate into constituent ions when
placed in solution



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electrolytes minerals




mitochondria carbohydrates


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Term



___ occurs when ROS accumulate



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, movement
conductivity double helix structure
metabolic absorption -composed of nucleotides
secretion -phosphoric acid
excretion -deoxyribose
respiration -4 nitrogenous bases (thymine,
reproduction cytosine, adenine, guanine)
communication




oxidative stress
is stimulated by hormones to accumulation during times of
replace lost tissue or support new chemical exposure/injury,
growth such as during pregnancy ishemia-reprefusion,
inflammation, aging


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4 of 652

Term



primary prevention



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1. epithelial
2. connective
3. muscle
4. neural




interventions which prevent disease from occurring

, hormonal stimulation: endometrial growth




-increase blood pressure
-constricts blood flow to skin
-decrease saliva
-dilates pupils
-increases attention, arousal, memory
-hands and feet sweat


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5 of 652

Definition



needs two recessive genes for trait or disease to be present
both parents must pass on affected gene to child for disease to be
present



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metabolic acidosis common
autosomal recessive disorders
symptoms shown are




autosomes cell adhesion molecules (CAM)


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6 of 652

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