BIOLOGY EOC REVIEW QUIZ
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
cellular respiration - ANSWER-process that releases energy by breaking down
glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
centriole - ANSWER-organize the spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during
animal cell mitosis
centromere - ANSWER-area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
chlorophyll - ANSWER-green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to
carry out photosynthesis
chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms
that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
chromatid - ANSWER-one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
gradualism - ANSWER-a model of evolution in which gradual change over a long
period of time leads to biological diversity
guard cell - ANSWER-Pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening
and closing.
habitat - ANSWER-the place where an organism lives
haploid number - ANSWER-half the normal number of chromosomes; found in sex
cells
herbivore - ANSWER-consumer that eats only producers; also called a primary
consumer
heterozygous - ANSWER-having two different alleles for a trait
homeostasis - ANSWER-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable
internal environment
chromosome - ANSWER-condensed threads of genetic material formed from
chromatin as a cell prepares to divide
climax community - ANSWER-a relatively stable long-lasting community reached in a
successional series
codon - ANSWER-in RNA, a three-base "word" that codes for one amino acid
, commensalism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one member of the
association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
competition - ANSWER-the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with
limited resources
concentration gradient - ANSWER-difference in concentration of a substance on two
sides of a membrane
conclusion - ANSWER-a summary of what you have learned from an experiment
fever - ANSWER-a rise in the temperature of the body
fitness - ANSWER-the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific
environment
food chain - ANSWER-a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by
eating and being eaten
food web - ANSWER-a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between
organisms in an ecosystem
fossil - ANSWER-the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
gamete - ANSWER-egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of chromosomes
(haploid), one from each homologous pair
gene - ANSWER-sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a
trait
binomial nomenclature - ANSWER-Classification system in which each species is
assigned a two-part scientific name including the genus and species
biodiversity - ANSWER-the variety of different species in a given area
biogeochemical cycle - ANSWER-process in which elements, chemical compounds,
and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one
part of the biosphere to another; like the carbon and nitrogen cycle
biomass - ANSWER-the total amount of living matter within a given trophic level
capsid - ANSWER-the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a
virus
carbohydrate - ANSWER-organic compound used by cells to store and release
energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbon cycle - ANSWER-the organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into
organisms and back again
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
cellular respiration - ANSWER-process that releases energy by breaking down
glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
centriole - ANSWER-organize the spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during
animal cell mitosis
centromere - ANSWER-area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
chlorophyll - ANSWER-green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to
carry out photosynthesis
chloroplast - ANSWER-organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms
that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
chromatid - ANSWER-one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
gradualism - ANSWER-a model of evolution in which gradual change over a long
period of time leads to biological diversity
guard cell - ANSWER-Pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening
and closing.
habitat - ANSWER-the place where an organism lives
haploid number - ANSWER-half the normal number of chromosomes; found in sex
cells
herbivore - ANSWER-consumer that eats only producers; also called a primary
consumer
heterozygous - ANSWER-having two different alleles for a trait
homeostasis - ANSWER-process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable
internal environment
chromosome - ANSWER-condensed threads of genetic material formed from
chromatin as a cell prepares to divide
climax community - ANSWER-a relatively stable long-lasting community reached in a
successional series
codon - ANSWER-in RNA, a three-base "word" that codes for one amino acid
, commensalism - ANSWER-symbiotic relationship in which one member of the
association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
competition - ANSWER-the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with
limited resources
concentration gradient - ANSWER-difference in concentration of a substance on two
sides of a membrane
conclusion - ANSWER-a summary of what you have learned from an experiment
fever - ANSWER-a rise in the temperature of the body
fitness - ANSWER-the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific
environment
food chain - ANSWER-a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by
eating and being eaten
food web - ANSWER-a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between
organisms in an ecosystem
fossil - ANSWER-the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a
past geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
gamete - ANSWER-egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of chromosomes
(haploid), one from each homologous pair
gene - ANSWER-sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a
trait
binomial nomenclature - ANSWER-Classification system in which each species is
assigned a two-part scientific name including the genus and species
biodiversity - ANSWER-the variety of different species in a given area
biogeochemical cycle - ANSWER-process in which elements, chemical compounds,
and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one
part of the biosphere to another; like the carbon and nitrogen cycle
biomass - ANSWER-the total amount of living matter within a given trophic level
capsid - ANSWER-the outer covering of protein surrounding the nucleic acid of a
virus
carbohydrate - ANSWER-organic compound used by cells to store and release
energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbon cycle - ANSWER-the organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into
organisms and back again
