Developmental Psychopathology Exam 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. An integritve technique - ANSWER-*No single theoretical orientation explains
numerous behaviors or problems
-However, fashions considering more than one primary motive are still
constrained by using the boundaries of their area or orientation
*Abnormal baby conduct is best studied from a multitheoritical attitude
*Knowledge will increase via research
2. analogue studies - ANSWER--Evaluates a selected variable underneath situations
that approximate the situation for which one needs to generalize
-Focus is on a circumscribed studies question below nicely controled situations
- It is difficult to understand if comparable effects would occur in actual-lifestyles
situations
3. behavioral evaluation - ANSWER-*Behavioral assessment
◦ Evaluate the kid's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in unique settings
*Primary problems of challenge
◦ Target behaviors and the factors that manipulate or have an impact on them
"ABCs of assessment" are to study the:
◦ Antecedents
◦ Behaviors
◦ Consequences of the behaviors
4. behavioral affects - ANSWER-*Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA):
-Explains conduct as a characteristic of its antecedents and effects
-Primary operant learning principles: wonderful and negative reinforcement are
moves that boom the target reaction, extinction and punishment lower a reaction
-Classical conditioning:
Involves paired institutions between previously
impartial stimuli and unconditioned stimuli
5. behavioral observation - ANSWER-- Parents or different observers file baseline
statistics to provide facts about behaviors in real-life settings
- Recordings may be achieved with the aid of dad and mom or others ◦ May be
tough to ensure accuracy
- Clinician may additionally installation position-play simulation to look at children
and their families
6. behavioral remedies: - ANSWER-*Assume that behaviors are found out
*Focus is on re-educating the child
*Procedures include:
Positive reinforcement or time-out
Modeling
Systematic desensitization
, Changes inside the child's surroundings
7. biological perspectives - ANSWER-*Neurobiological attitude
-The neurobiological perspective is visible as the underlying reason of mental
issues
+Environmental affects on the mind are mentioned
-The fetal brain develops from all-purpose cells right into a complex organ
composed of thousands and thousands of neurons that form connections
-During gestation, there's an overabundance of neurons
-During early adolescence, synapses multiply and selective pruning reduces the
range of connections in a way that gradually shapes and differentiates essential
brain features
-Throughout lifestyles, the mind's microanatomy is constantl redfined to fulfill the
demands and necessities of the outdoor international
8. biological treatments: - ANSWER--View infant psychopathology as because of
psychobiological impairment or dysfunction
-Rely normally on pharmacological and different organic strategies to treatment
-This should be the final line of motion while working with youngsters. Consiering
the improvement that keeps throughout adolescence and the potenial damaging
outcomes of drugs in this development.
9. Bronfenbrenners ecological version - ANSWER-*The toddler's environment is a
series of nested and interconnected structures with environmental influences
*baby in center
*chronosystem= dynamic exchange in environemnt
10.classes and dimensions - ANSWER-*Categorical type systems
◦ Based frequently on informed professional
consensus
*Each disease is fundamentally specific from different issues
◦ However, obstacles exist
--> Children's behaviors hardly ever match smartly into established
categories, Same ailment does no longer imply same etiology
* Dimensional type
◦ Many independent dimensions exist
11.changing picture of youngsters mental fitness - ANSWER-*Increased capacity to
distinguish amongst problems
-Led to extended and in advance popularity of troubles
*Greater attention of younger children's and teens' specific intellectual health
troubles
-Developmental appropriateness of conceptualization and treatment planning
*Evidence-based totally prevention and treatment programs are more
distinguished
12.checklist and rating scales - ANSWER-* Allow for a child's behavior to be as
compared with a regarded reference group
*Economical to manage and score
*Lack of settlement among informants is
, enormously common, and is noticeably informative
* Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)
◦ Provides a beneficial profile of the variety and degree of the kid's problems
13.infant behavior checklist image - ANSWER-
14.baby maltreatment and non unintentional trauma: effects - ANSWER-*Financial results
of abuse and trauma:
-$124 billion per 12 months in the U.S. --> as a result of direct and indirect harm
*Increased awareness needed to
-Develop new approaches to prevent abuse and trauma
-Provide services for kids and teenagers uncovered to maltreatment and trauma
15.child maltreatment and non accidental trauma: prevalence - ANSWER-*Nearly one
million instances of toddler abuse and neglect occur inside the U.S. Each yr
*Estimate: more than one-1/3 of 10- to 16-12 months-olds enjoy physical and/or
sexual attacks
*Acts of violence contribute to
-PTSD
-Major depressive sickness
-Substance abuse/dependence
classical coniditioning - ANSWER-Before conditioning:
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
During conditioning:
Neutral stimulus + UCS UCR
The neutral stimulus will become a conditioned stimulus (CS)
After conditioning:
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Conditioned Response (CR)
16.classification and prognosis - ANSWER-*Classification: a system for representing
the essential categories or
dimensions of baby psychopathology
* Strategies for figuring out the high-quality plan for a given character
- Ideographic strategies: Highlighting baby's precise instances, personality,
cultural
background, and other factors related his or her situation ◦ -Nomothetic
strategies: Attempt to categorise the contemporary presentation and enjoy the
wealth of records accrued regarding a specific ailment
17.purchaser focused and own family remedies - ANSWER-*Client-focused
treatments:Focus on developing a healing setting which provides unconditional
recognition of the child
*Family treatments:
View person disorders as manifestations of disturbances in circle of relatives
family members
Focus on the own family troubles underlying children's problematic behavior
*Both of those approaches need to be used to some extent with child customers.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. An integritve technique - ANSWER-*No single theoretical orientation explains
numerous behaviors or problems
-However, fashions considering more than one primary motive are still
constrained by using the boundaries of their area or orientation
*Abnormal baby conduct is best studied from a multitheoritical attitude
*Knowledge will increase via research
2. analogue studies - ANSWER--Evaluates a selected variable underneath situations
that approximate the situation for which one needs to generalize
-Focus is on a circumscribed studies question below nicely controled situations
- It is difficult to understand if comparable effects would occur in actual-lifestyles
situations
3. behavioral evaluation - ANSWER-*Behavioral assessment
◦ Evaluate the kid's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in unique settings
*Primary problems of challenge
◦ Target behaviors and the factors that manipulate or have an impact on them
"ABCs of assessment" are to study the:
◦ Antecedents
◦ Behaviors
◦ Consequences of the behaviors
4. behavioral affects - ANSWER-*Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA):
-Explains conduct as a characteristic of its antecedents and effects
-Primary operant learning principles: wonderful and negative reinforcement are
moves that boom the target reaction, extinction and punishment lower a reaction
-Classical conditioning:
Involves paired institutions between previously
impartial stimuli and unconditioned stimuli
5. behavioral observation - ANSWER-- Parents or different observers file baseline
statistics to provide facts about behaviors in real-life settings
- Recordings may be achieved with the aid of dad and mom or others ◦ May be
tough to ensure accuracy
- Clinician may additionally installation position-play simulation to look at children
and their families
6. behavioral remedies: - ANSWER-*Assume that behaviors are found out
*Focus is on re-educating the child
*Procedures include:
Positive reinforcement or time-out
Modeling
Systematic desensitization
, Changes inside the child's surroundings
7. biological perspectives - ANSWER-*Neurobiological attitude
-The neurobiological perspective is visible as the underlying reason of mental
issues
+Environmental affects on the mind are mentioned
-The fetal brain develops from all-purpose cells right into a complex organ
composed of thousands and thousands of neurons that form connections
-During gestation, there's an overabundance of neurons
-During early adolescence, synapses multiply and selective pruning reduces the
range of connections in a way that gradually shapes and differentiates essential
brain features
-Throughout lifestyles, the mind's microanatomy is constantl redfined to fulfill the
demands and necessities of the outdoor international
8. biological treatments: - ANSWER--View infant psychopathology as because of
psychobiological impairment or dysfunction
-Rely normally on pharmacological and different organic strategies to treatment
-This should be the final line of motion while working with youngsters. Consiering
the improvement that keeps throughout adolescence and the potenial damaging
outcomes of drugs in this development.
9. Bronfenbrenners ecological version - ANSWER-*The toddler's environment is a
series of nested and interconnected structures with environmental influences
*baby in center
*chronosystem= dynamic exchange in environemnt
10.classes and dimensions - ANSWER-*Categorical type systems
◦ Based frequently on informed professional
consensus
*Each disease is fundamentally specific from different issues
◦ However, obstacles exist
--> Children's behaviors hardly ever match smartly into established
categories, Same ailment does no longer imply same etiology
* Dimensional type
◦ Many independent dimensions exist
11.changing picture of youngsters mental fitness - ANSWER-*Increased capacity to
distinguish amongst problems
-Led to extended and in advance popularity of troubles
*Greater attention of younger children's and teens' specific intellectual health
troubles
-Developmental appropriateness of conceptualization and treatment planning
*Evidence-based totally prevention and treatment programs are more
distinguished
12.checklist and rating scales - ANSWER-* Allow for a child's behavior to be as
compared with a regarded reference group
*Economical to manage and score
*Lack of settlement among informants is
, enormously common, and is noticeably informative
* Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)
◦ Provides a beneficial profile of the variety and degree of the kid's problems
13.infant behavior checklist image - ANSWER-
14.baby maltreatment and non unintentional trauma: effects - ANSWER-*Financial results
of abuse and trauma:
-$124 billion per 12 months in the U.S. --> as a result of direct and indirect harm
*Increased awareness needed to
-Develop new approaches to prevent abuse and trauma
-Provide services for kids and teenagers uncovered to maltreatment and trauma
15.child maltreatment and non accidental trauma: prevalence - ANSWER-*Nearly one
million instances of toddler abuse and neglect occur inside the U.S. Each yr
*Estimate: more than one-1/3 of 10- to 16-12 months-olds enjoy physical and/or
sexual attacks
*Acts of violence contribute to
-PTSD
-Major depressive sickness
-Substance abuse/dependence
classical coniditioning - ANSWER-Before conditioning:
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)
Unconditioned Response (UCR)
During conditioning:
Neutral stimulus + UCS UCR
The neutral stimulus will become a conditioned stimulus (CS)
After conditioning:
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Conditioned Response (CR)
16.classification and prognosis - ANSWER-*Classification: a system for representing
the essential categories or
dimensions of baby psychopathology
* Strategies for figuring out the high-quality plan for a given character
- Ideographic strategies: Highlighting baby's precise instances, personality,
cultural
background, and other factors related his or her situation ◦ -Nomothetic
strategies: Attempt to categorise the contemporary presentation and enjoy the
wealth of records accrued regarding a specific ailment
17.purchaser focused and own family remedies - ANSWER-*Client-focused
treatments:Focus on developing a healing setting which provides unconditional
recognition of the child
*Family treatments:
View person disorders as manifestations of disturbances in circle of relatives
family members
Focus on the own family troubles underlying children's problematic behavior
*Both of those approaches need to be used to some extent with child customers.
