psyc62 - final exam 500+ questions with
100% verified answers.
lecture 6 - what drug is also a local anaesthesic and what does it do - AnswerCocaine
is a local anesthesia - it blocks voltage gates sodium channels
Why do people consume drugs? - AnswerTo feel good: novel feelings, sensations,
experiences, social affiliation, AND to share them with others
To feel better: lessen anxiety, worries, fears, life burdens, depression, and
hopelessness
explain Drug Addiction: A Complex Behavioral and Neurobiological Disorder -
AnswerTaking drugs will affect brain mechnaisms- this will affect your behavior and
this will be interhcngaebale with your environment lie affecting who youre around and
affecting the people around you
for ex - taking drugs --> effects brain mechanisms (which can be historical, physiological
or environment) behavior <----> environment
in terms of brain mechanism - explain the historical, physiological or environment parts -
AnswerHistorical
-Prior experience
-Expectation
-Learning
Environmental
-Social interactions
-Stress
-Conditioned stimuli
Physiological
-Genetics
-Circadian rhythms
-Disease states
-Gender
Consumption trends of recreational drugs - AnswerRecreational drugs are widely
consumed in North America
Psychoactive substance consumed voluntarily, has the potential to be used in
problematic way
,which drugs are the most illegally used ones in the US and which legal drugs are mostly
consumed - AnswerIllegal drug use in the USA is mostly marijuana and the primary
demographic are young adults
Legal drugs widely consumed are alcohol, caffeine, tobacco
who determines if drugs are good vs bad - Answer"good" versus "bad" drugs is largely
determined by society
Good drug - like from a pharmacy
Bad - like obtained in an illicit way
200 years ago what drugs were there and common, how did alcohol kinda start -
Answer200 years ago drugs were tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, opium
Alcohol like animals ate rotten berries and walked around drunk
what is that story of the goat hearder with coffee beans - AnswerStory of goat hearder
in ethiopoa - saw goats eat the berries and were happy an dancing
He took the berries
Took em to a religious figure he said they weren't good and threw them into fire but they
had a really good smell when they burned
Ended up being the berries for coffee beans
in 1906 which law Regulated labeling of patent medicines and created the FDA -
AnswerPure Food and Drug Act
in terms of medical innovations with drugs when did this more so start and explain some
of the innovations - Answer19th century chemical and medical innovations of
purification of morphine from opium, cocaine from coca, and hypodermic needle -->
technological innovations of how drugs were used for ex like creating a needle to direct
drugs directly into blood stream
what equated drug use to criminal acts - AnswerTemperance movement equated drug
use to criminal acts
after the 19th century medicine innovations what are 2 major basic timeline events for
the history of drugs - AnswerPurified drugs like heroin, cocaine in non-regulated
patent medicines
Late 20th century a movement for medical diagnosis of drug addiction
in 1914 which law Regulated dispensing and use of opioid drugs and cocaine --> but
didn't abolish opioids and cocaine: increased demand of drugs on the street -
AnswerHarrison act
,in 1920 what did the Eighteenth Constitutional Amendment (Prohibition) do -
AnswerBanned alcohol sales except for medicinal use (repealed in 1933), spawned
organized crime movement and hard alcohol production in Canada
which law Banned nonmedical use of cannabis (overturned by
U.S. Supreme Court in 1969) - largely a reaction to Mexican immigrants using it a lot but
was then repealed in 69 but in 70 new law in 1937 - AnswerMarijuana Tax Act
what is the 1970 Controlled Substances Act - AnswerEstablished the schedule of
controlled substances and created the DEA
in terms of the canadian federal laws , how does canada have laws on drugs and which
laws are there - AnswerHealth Canada Controlled Drug and Substances Act (1996)
Replaced the Narcotics Control Act (1961)
Has 8 schedules of controlled substances and 2 precursor classes
which drugs are more dangerous than others
Which drugs go in which schedule - work with specialists and patients to see which
drugs are potentially the most harmful
The lower schedule the more harmful
what are the 8 schedules in canadian drugs , which one was repealed -
AnswerSchedule 1: heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, morphine, etc. Schedule 2:
marijuana and derivatives - cannabis act repealed in 2018
Schedule 3: LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, etc.
Schedule 4: anabolic steroids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines
Cannabis Act (2018) repealed Schedule 2
true or false canada and america have the same scheduling for drugs - Answerfalse,
they have different scheduling , see slide 10 lec 6
how does the UK system schedule drugs , what does is show in terms of drug
scheduling in relations to science - Answerin classes A- like schedule 1 , B, C
they Created a harm index for drugs based on different parameters
Showing diff drugs that they looked at , harm potential rated by addiction pychiatrists -
most harmful drugs should all be in red next in pink last in violet etc etc - but some
dispersed here or there which just shows that whats being scheduled by gov isn't
informed by research and scientists
, how is scheduling related to law enforcement in canada - AnswerIn Canada the drug
scheduling - consequences to producing or taking a drug or having it on you is
proportional to the scheduling
what are some Conclusions from federal drug laws (in USA) - AnswerEach time a law
was passed, increases in use and societal dangers - like either increasing price or
decreasing availability
Existing laws are not entirely consistent with scientific research Legal mechanisms have
limited effectiveness in preventing drug use
What is drug addiction? - AnswerDrug addiction is a chronic, relapsing, behavioural
disorder
what did early views of drug addiction emphasize , how does this differ from modern
emphasizations - AnswerEarly views emphasized the importance of physical
dependence
Abstinence to the drug produces unpleasant withdrawal symptoms
modern views emphasize craving and relapse
craving vs relapse - AnswerCraving: a strong urge to take the drug that is persistent
for a long time
Relapse: return to drug use after a drug-free remission period, despite negative
consequences
Diagnostic criteria of psychiatrists - how does the dsm5 talk about addictions -
Answerthey define it as substance-related disorders - Characterized by significant
substance misuse (no longer refers to substance abuse or dependence)
strong negative emotional bias to the word addiction so It raises stereotypes about them
how many drug classes in the dsm5 , and how many does it provide criteria to diagnose
for - AnswerCovers 10 drug classes: alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, tobacco,
hallucinogens, inhalants, opioids, sedative-hypnotics / anxiolytics, stimulants, other
substances(all other substances that aren't in the other classes)
Provides specific set of criteria to diagnose substance use disorder for 8 classes
(caffeine and other substances not included) - because caffiene doesn't produce misuse
only like withdrawal and stuff
for alchohol use disorder, in general what is the dsm5 criteria - AnswerA problematic
pattern leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least
two of the following symptoms, occurring within a 12-month period:, of the symptoms
listed check slide 15 lec 5
100% verified answers.
lecture 6 - what drug is also a local anaesthesic and what does it do - AnswerCocaine
is a local anesthesia - it blocks voltage gates sodium channels
Why do people consume drugs? - AnswerTo feel good: novel feelings, sensations,
experiences, social affiliation, AND to share them with others
To feel better: lessen anxiety, worries, fears, life burdens, depression, and
hopelessness
explain Drug Addiction: A Complex Behavioral and Neurobiological Disorder -
AnswerTaking drugs will affect brain mechnaisms- this will affect your behavior and
this will be interhcngaebale with your environment lie affecting who youre around and
affecting the people around you
for ex - taking drugs --> effects brain mechanisms (which can be historical, physiological
or environment) behavior <----> environment
in terms of brain mechanism - explain the historical, physiological or environment parts -
AnswerHistorical
-Prior experience
-Expectation
-Learning
Environmental
-Social interactions
-Stress
-Conditioned stimuli
Physiological
-Genetics
-Circadian rhythms
-Disease states
-Gender
Consumption trends of recreational drugs - AnswerRecreational drugs are widely
consumed in North America
Psychoactive substance consumed voluntarily, has the potential to be used in
problematic way
,which drugs are the most illegally used ones in the US and which legal drugs are mostly
consumed - AnswerIllegal drug use in the USA is mostly marijuana and the primary
demographic are young adults
Legal drugs widely consumed are alcohol, caffeine, tobacco
who determines if drugs are good vs bad - Answer"good" versus "bad" drugs is largely
determined by society
Good drug - like from a pharmacy
Bad - like obtained in an illicit way
200 years ago what drugs were there and common, how did alcohol kinda start -
Answer200 years ago drugs were tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, opium
Alcohol like animals ate rotten berries and walked around drunk
what is that story of the goat hearder with coffee beans - AnswerStory of goat hearder
in ethiopoa - saw goats eat the berries and were happy an dancing
He took the berries
Took em to a religious figure he said they weren't good and threw them into fire but they
had a really good smell when they burned
Ended up being the berries for coffee beans
in 1906 which law Regulated labeling of patent medicines and created the FDA -
AnswerPure Food and Drug Act
in terms of medical innovations with drugs when did this more so start and explain some
of the innovations - Answer19th century chemical and medical innovations of
purification of morphine from opium, cocaine from coca, and hypodermic needle -->
technological innovations of how drugs were used for ex like creating a needle to direct
drugs directly into blood stream
what equated drug use to criminal acts - AnswerTemperance movement equated drug
use to criminal acts
after the 19th century medicine innovations what are 2 major basic timeline events for
the history of drugs - AnswerPurified drugs like heroin, cocaine in non-regulated
patent medicines
Late 20th century a movement for medical diagnosis of drug addiction
in 1914 which law Regulated dispensing and use of opioid drugs and cocaine --> but
didn't abolish opioids and cocaine: increased demand of drugs on the street -
AnswerHarrison act
,in 1920 what did the Eighteenth Constitutional Amendment (Prohibition) do -
AnswerBanned alcohol sales except for medicinal use (repealed in 1933), spawned
organized crime movement and hard alcohol production in Canada
which law Banned nonmedical use of cannabis (overturned by
U.S. Supreme Court in 1969) - largely a reaction to Mexican immigrants using it a lot but
was then repealed in 69 but in 70 new law in 1937 - AnswerMarijuana Tax Act
what is the 1970 Controlled Substances Act - AnswerEstablished the schedule of
controlled substances and created the DEA
in terms of the canadian federal laws , how does canada have laws on drugs and which
laws are there - AnswerHealth Canada Controlled Drug and Substances Act (1996)
Replaced the Narcotics Control Act (1961)
Has 8 schedules of controlled substances and 2 precursor classes
which drugs are more dangerous than others
Which drugs go in which schedule - work with specialists and patients to see which
drugs are potentially the most harmful
The lower schedule the more harmful
what are the 8 schedules in canadian drugs , which one was repealed -
AnswerSchedule 1: heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, morphine, etc. Schedule 2:
marijuana and derivatives - cannabis act repealed in 2018
Schedule 3: LSD, mescaline, psilocybin, etc.
Schedule 4: anabolic steroids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines
Cannabis Act (2018) repealed Schedule 2
true or false canada and america have the same scheduling for drugs - Answerfalse,
they have different scheduling , see slide 10 lec 6
how does the UK system schedule drugs , what does is show in terms of drug
scheduling in relations to science - Answerin classes A- like schedule 1 , B, C
they Created a harm index for drugs based on different parameters
Showing diff drugs that they looked at , harm potential rated by addiction pychiatrists -
most harmful drugs should all be in red next in pink last in violet etc etc - but some
dispersed here or there which just shows that whats being scheduled by gov isn't
informed by research and scientists
, how is scheduling related to law enforcement in canada - AnswerIn Canada the drug
scheduling - consequences to producing or taking a drug or having it on you is
proportional to the scheduling
what are some Conclusions from federal drug laws (in USA) - AnswerEach time a law
was passed, increases in use and societal dangers - like either increasing price or
decreasing availability
Existing laws are not entirely consistent with scientific research Legal mechanisms have
limited effectiveness in preventing drug use
What is drug addiction? - AnswerDrug addiction is a chronic, relapsing, behavioural
disorder
what did early views of drug addiction emphasize , how does this differ from modern
emphasizations - AnswerEarly views emphasized the importance of physical
dependence
Abstinence to the drug produces unpleasant withdrawal symptoms
modern views emphasize craving and relapse
craving vs relapse - AnswerCraving: a strong urge to take the drug that is persistent
for a long time
Relapse: return to drug use after a drug-free remission period, despite negative
consequences
Diagnostic criteria of psychiatrists - how does the dsm5 talk about addictions -
Answerthey define it as substance-related disorders - Characterized by significant
substance misuse (no longer refers to substance abuse or dependence)
strong negative emotional bias to the word addiction so It raises stereotypes about them
how many drug classes in the dsm5 , and how many does it provide criteria to diagnose
for - AnswerCovers 10 drug classes: alcohol, caffeine, cannabis, tobacco,
hallucinogens, inhalants, opioids, sedative-hypnotics / anxiolytics, stimulants, other
substances(all other substances that aren't in the other classes)
Provides specific set of criteria to diagnose substance use disorder for 8 classes
(caffeine and other substances not included) - because caffiene doesn't produce misuse
only like withdrawal and stuff
for alchohol use disorder, in general what is the dsm5 criteria - AnswerA problematic
pattern leading to clinically significant impairment or distress, as manifested by at least
two of the following symptoms, occurring within a 12-month period:, of the symptoms
listed check slide 15 lec 5
