Intro To Community Nursing Questions And Answers

INTRO TO COMMUNITY NURSING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Community Health Nursing A synthesis of nursing knowledge and practice and the science and practice of public health, implemented via a systematic use of the nursing process and other processes to promote health and prevent illness in population groups CHN Specialized field of nursing practice that renders care to individuals, families, and communities, focusing on health promotion and disease prevention through people empowerment health promotion and disease prevention CHN focuses on what CHN An area of human services directed toward developing and enhancing the health capabilities of people—either singly, as individuals, or collectively, as groups and communities CHN The synthesis of nursing and public health practice applied to promote and protect the health population. It combines all the basic elements of professional, clinical nursing with public health and community practice CHN Focuses on all population groups whether children, adults, elderly, or collectively as families in their natural environment Publicand community health nursing It includes population interventions that seek to improve the health and well-being of groups, aggregates, and communities Focus, Approach, and Underpinning As a specialized field of nursing practice, community and public health nursing can be distinguished from other areas of nursing in three major points: develomental It is one of the characteristics of nursing where people are imbued with human rights and this includes right o health. However, with rights come with responsibilities. developmental one of the characteristics of chn where nurses belive that people have their responsibilities when it comes to their health developmental this characteristic of chn necessitates an impetus for people to do self care and maintain their optimum level of functioning multidisciplinary a characteristic of chn where health needs of our clientele are varied multidisciplinary All these results from the interaction of the core determinant of health multidisciplinary Nurse fosters collaboration with different professionals and sections of society ecology-oriented a characteristics of chn where the largest portion of the healthcare delivery system is community-based and that care is provided in the natural environment of people home, schools, prisons, churces, workplace what are the settings for chn and phn? ecology-oriented This field of practice is about nursing care outside of the hospital but on the field where people are promotes social justice Health is a human right and all people should enjoy access to healthcare promotes social justice This puts the community/public health nurse in a pivotal position to ensure that people regardless of age, sex, creed, or religion enjoy healthcare services in their communities promotes social justice The nurse allocates resources and healthcare budget for the benefit of all at least for the greatest number promotes social justice the reason why the nurse gives a premium to clinic visits rather than a home visit since the nurse cannot turn his/her back to the large number of patients waiting for consultation in the clinic over a few households that can be reached when doing individual home visitation values consumer involvement Patients in community/public health are not merely consumers or end-users of healthcare services, they are considered partners in health values consumer involvement The need for patients to be responsible for their own health is paramount in this field, hence the active participation of communities is essential in all levels at all ages use prepayment mechanism Services provided by the public health system are not given for free, it is funded by taxes of the people taxes of the people Services provided by the public health system are not given for free, it is funded by healthcare basic social service that should be provided by the state to all people use prepayment mechanism The nurse in the community is fundamentally committed to attending to patients in the communities regardless of their status since all are paying directly or indirectly focuses on preventive services Nurses on the field provide healthcare to a wide range of clientele afflicted by both acute and chronic conditions focuses on preventive services Services required at the point contact does not limit his/her groups who may similarly end up with the same condition focuses on preventive services The community and public health nurse are in constant search of risks that make people vulnerable to disease and implements interventions to modify and mitigate these vulnerabilities offers comprehensive care The adage that nursing is caring from womb to tomb is a reality in community and public health offers comprehensive care Nurses cannot choose who their patients will be and predict what cases they will deal with offers comprehensive care This field requires the nurse to be skilled and knowledgeable on the broad areas of nursing offers comprehensive care The practice of the nurse in the community offers several opportunities to help individuals, families, and groups realize their birthright to health and longevity primaryof worth and dignity of man The practice of community and public health nursing is anchored on the _____ and ____ universal declaration on bioethics and human rights "Human dignity, human rights and fundamental freedoms are to be fully respected and that the interests and welfare of the individual should have priority over the sole interest of science or society." universal declaration on bioethics and human rights This means that our clientele must be treated with utmost respect and his right to health enabled through just provision of access to healthcare. Jean Watson According to her, "Caring is the moral ideal of nursing whereby the end is protection, enhancement, and preservation of human dignity." Caring "____ is the moral ideal of nursing whereby the end is protection, enhancement, and preservation of human dignity." (Jean Watson, 2009) UN declaration of 1948 The right to health of all people enshrined in the ______ is another value in the practice of community and public health nursing social learning theory This theory is based on the belief that learning takes place in a social context, that is, people learn from one another, and that learning is promoted by modeling or observing other people sociallearning theory thi theory anchored on the fact that persons are thinking beings with self-regulatory capacities, capable of making decisions and acting according to expected consequences of their behavior bandura according to him, The environment affects learning, but learning outcomes depend on the learner's individual characteristics social learning theory acc to this theory, The environment affects learning, but learning outcomes depend on the learner's individual characteristics Health Belief Model (HBM) Provides the basis for much of the practice of health education and health promotion today health belief model ___ was developed by a group of social psychologists to explain why the public failed to participate in screening for tuberculosis health belief model Used to explain behavior change and maintenance of behavior change and to guide health promotion interventions Milio's Framework for Prevention (1976) provides a compliment to the HBM and provides a mechanism for directing attention upstream and examining opportunities for nursing intervention at the population level Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model Explores many biophysical factors that influence individuals to pursue health promotion activities transtheoretical model Combines several theories of intervention, thus the same transtheoretical precontemplation the individual has no intention to take action toward behavior change in the next 6 months precontemplation May be in this phase because of a lack of information about the consequences of the behavior or failure on previous attempts at change contemplation the individual has some intention to take action toward behavior change in the next 6 months contemplation Weighing pros and cons to change preparation The individual intends to take action within the next month and has taken steps toward behavior change preparation it is a stage of change where there is a lan of action action The individual has changed overt behavior for less than 6 months action Has changed behavior sufficiently to reduce risk or disease