WGU Anatomy and Physiology
1 Exam Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct
Answers
3 accessory organs of the digestive system - ANSWER-
the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
.3 types of neurons - ANSWER-sensory neurons,
interneurons, and motor neurons
.Abdominal - ANSWER-Between the chest and the pelvis
.Abdominal cavity - ANSWER-Contains most of the
digestive organs - stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines -
and some of the urinary structures - the kidney and the
ureters. The upper boundary is the diaphragm and the
,lower boundary is the brim of the pelvis (landmark of
the pelvis bones)
.Abdominopelvic cavity - ANSWER-Since there is no
anatomical division between the 2 cavities they are
occasionally referred to as 1 region
.Abducens nerve - ANSWER-motor, eye movements
.Accessory nerve - ANSWER-motor, swallowing, and
head, neck, shoulder movement
.action potential - ANSWER-a short-lasting event in
which the electrical membrane potential of a cell
rapidly rises and falls, following a consistent trajectory.
Action potentials occur in several types of animal cells,
called excitable cells, which include neurons, muscle
cells, and endocrine cells. Action potentials are
generated by special types of voltage-gated ion
channels embedded in a cell's plasma membrane.[b]
These channels are shut when the membrane potential
is near the resting potential of the cell, but they rapidly
,begin to open if the membrane potential increases to a
precisely defined threshold value. When the channels
open (in response to depolarization in transmembrane
voltage[b]), they allow an inward flow of sodium ions,
which changes the electrochemical gradient, which in
turn produces a further rise in the membrane potential.
This then causes more channels to open, producing a
greater electric current across the cell membrane, and
so on. The process proceeds explosively until all of the
available ion channels are open, resulting in a large
upswing in the membrane potential. The rapid influx of
sodium ions causes the polarity of the plasma
membrane to reverse, and the ion channels then rapidly
inactivate. As the sodium channels close, sodium ions
can no longer enter the neuron, and then they are
actively transported back out of the plasma membrane.
Potassium channels are then activated, and there is an
outward current of potassium ions, returning the
electrochemical gradient to the resting state.
.Adrenal Gland Cortex - ANSWER-Produces
mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) affects kidneys and
promotes water balance. Also produces Glucocorticoids
, (cortisol) affects Liver and promotes Immune function.
Also produces Macromolecule promotes metabolism.
.Adrenal Gland Medulla - ANSWER-Produces
Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)
affects various tissues and stimulates the fight-or-flight
response.
.Adrenal glands - ANSWER-Produce steroid hormones
that regulate metabolic functions during stress, kidney
function and sexual function, also secrete epinephrine
or adrenaline when stimulated
.Alimentary canal, also called the gastrointestinal GI
tract or gut - ANSWER-a continuous muscular tube that
runs from the mouth to the anus
.Alveoli - ANSWER-Tiny terminal air sac that consist of a
single cell wall that allows passage of oxygen to blood
and diffuses carbon dioxide into the lungs to be exhaled
1 Exam Questions and Verified
Answers 100% Correct
Answers
3 accessory organs of the digestive system - ANSWER-
the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
.3 types of neurons - ANSWER-sensory neurons,
interneurons, and motor neurons
.Abdominal - ANSWER-Between the chest and the pelvis
.Abdominal cavity - ANSWER-Contains most of the
digestive organs - stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines -
and some of the urinary structures - the kidney and the
ureters. The upper boundary is the diaphragm and the
,lower boundary is the brim of the pelvis (landmark of
the pelvis bones)
.Abdominopelvic cavity - ANSWER-Since there is no
anatomical division between the 2 cavities they are
occasionally referred to as 1 region
.Abducens nerve - ANSWER-motor, eye movements
.Accessory nerve - ANSWER-motor, swallowing, and
head, neck, shoulder movement
.action potential - ANSWER-a short-lasting event in
which the electrical membrane potential of a cell
rapidly rises and falls, following a consistent trajectory.
Action potentials occur in several types of animal cells,
called excitable cells, which include neurons, muscle
cells, and endocrine cells. Action potentials are
generated by special types of voltage-gated ion
channels embedded in a cell's plasma membrane.[b]
These channels are shut when the membrane potential
is near the resting potential of the cell, but they rapidly
,begin to open if the membrane potential increases to a
precisely defined threshold value. When the channels
open (in response to depolarization in transmembrane
voltage[b]), they allow an inward flow of sodium ions,
which changes the electrochemical gradient, which in
turn produces a further rise in the membrane potential.
This then causes more channels to open, producing a
greater electric current across the cell membrane, and
so on. The process proceeds explosively until all of the
available ion channels are open, resulting in a large
upswing in the membrane potential. The rapid influx of
sodium ions causes the polarity of the plasma
membrane to reverse, and the ion channels then rapidly
inactivate. As the sodium channels close, sodium ions
can no longer enter the neuron, and then they are
actively transported back out of the plasma membrane.
Potassium channels are then activated, and there is an
outward current of potassium ions, returning the
electrochemical gradient to the resting state.
.Adrenal Gland Cortex - ANSWER-Produces
mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) affects kidneys and
promotes water balance. Also produces Glucocorticoids
, (cortisol) affects Liver and promotes Immune function.
Also produces Macromolecule promotes metabolism.
.Adrenal Gland Medulla - ANSWER-Produces
Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)
affects various tissues and stimulates the fight-or-flight
response.
.Adrenal glands - ANSWER-Produce steroid hormones
that regulate metabolic functions during stress, kidney
function and sexual function, also secrete epinephrine
or adrenaline when stimulated
.Alimentary canal, also called the gastrointestinal GI
tract or gut - ANSWER-a continuous muscular tube that
runs from the mouth to the anus
.Alveoli - ANSWER-Tiny terminal air sac that consist of a
single cell wall that allows passage of oxygen to blood
and diffuses carbon dioxide into the lungs to be exhaled
