BMS 208 Final Exam QUESTIONS &
SOLUTIONS
upper respiratory tract - ANSWER sphenoidal sinus, frontal sinus, nasal cavity, pharynx
lower respiratory tract - ANSWER larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
conducting portion - ANSWER nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and
progressively smaller airways
respiratory portion - ANSWER respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
external nares (nostrils) - ANSWER passageway for oxygen entering body
internal nares (chonae) - ANSWER passageway for air to go through pharynx
hard palate - ANSWER behind lip
soft palate - ANSWER behind hard palate
nasal cavity roof - ANSWER frontal bone, nasal bones, cribiform plate of ethmoid,
sphenoid bone
nasal cavity floor - ANSWER hard palate
nasal conchae - ANSWER superior, middle, inferior; think folds
nasal septum - ANSWER divides nasal cavity into left and right portions
pharynx - ANSWER throat; consists of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
nasopharynx - ANSWER conducts air; lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium
oropharynx - ANSWER conducts air, serves as passageway for food; lined by
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
laryngopharynx - ANSWER conducts air, passageway for food; lined by nonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium
opening of auditory tube - ANSWER in nasopharynx; connects nasopharynx to the
middle ear
pharyngeal tonsils - ANSWER in nasopharynx; posterior nasopharynx wall
, lingual tonsil - ANSWER in oropharynx; base of tongue
palatine tonsil - ANSWER in oropharynx; on lateral wall between arches
hyoid bone - ANSWER larynx; anterior to epiglottis; bull horns
epiglottis - ANSWER crown of larynx
thyroid cartilage - ANSWER largest laryngeal cartilage; shield-shaped
cricoid cartilage - ANSWER inferior to thyroid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage - ANSWER small, paired cartilage
ventricular fold - ANSWER superior to vocal folds
vocal fold - ANSWER surround rima glottidis; sound production; inferior to ventricular
folds
rima glottides - ANSWER opening between vocal folds
trachea - ANSWER windpipe; anterior to esophagus, inferior to larynx, superior to main
bronchi of lungs
tracheal cartilages - ANSWER support trachea
bronchial tree - ANSWER system of air conducting passages; progressively get
narrower
primary bronchi - ANSWER enter hilum of lungs with the pulmonary vessels, lymphatic
vessels, and nerves
secondary bronchi - ANSWER left lung has two, right lung has three
segmental bronchi - ANSWER right lung has 10, left lung 8-10; supplies
bronchopulmonary segment
bronchioles - ANSWER small tubules; lined with simple columnar or simple cuboidal
epithelium
terminal bronchioles - ANSWER final segment of conducting pathway; conduct air into
respiratory portion
respiratory bronchioles - ANSWER formed from terminal bronchioles
SOLUTIONS
upper respiratory tract - ANSWER sphenoidal sinus, frontal sinus, nasal cavity, pharynx
lower respiratory tract - ANSWER larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
conducting portion - ANSWER nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and
progressively smaller airways
respiratory portion - ANSWER respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
external nares (nostrils) - ANSWER passageway for oxygen entering body
internal nares (chonae) - ANSWER passageway for air to go through pharynx
hard palate - ANSWER behind lip
soft palate - ANSWER behind hard palate
nasal cavity roof - ANSWER frontal bone, nasal bones, cribiform plate of ethmoid,
sphenoid bone
nasal cavity floor - ANSWER hard palate
nasal conchae - ANSWER superior, middle, inferior; think folds
nasal septum - ANSWER divides nasal cavity into left and right portions
pharynx - ANSWER throat; consists of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
nasopharynx - ANSWER conducts air; lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium
oropharynx - ANSWER conducts air, serves as passageway for food; lined by
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
laryngopharynx - ANSWER conducts air, passageway for food; lined by nonkeratinized
stratified squamous epithelium
opening of auditory tube - ANSWER in nasopharynx; connects nasopharynx to the
middle ear
pharyngeal tonsils - ANSWER in nasopharynx; posterior nasopharynx wall
, lingual tonsil - ANSWER in oropharynx; base of tongue
palatine tonsil - ANSWER in oropharynx; on lateral wall between arches
hyoid bone - ANSWER larynx; anterior to epiglottis; bull horns
epiglottis - ANSWER crown of larynx
thyroid cartilage - ANSWER largest laryngeal cartilage; shield-shaped
cricoid cartilage - ANSWER inferior to thyroid cartilage
arytenoid cartilage - ANSWER small, paired cartilage
ventricular fold - ANSWER superior to vocal folds
vocal fold - ANSWER surround rima glottidis; sound production; inferior to ventricular
folds
rima glottides - ANSWER opening between vocal folds
trachea - ANSWER windpipe; anterior to esophagus, inferior to larynx, superior to main
bronchi of lungs
tracheal cartilages - ANSWER support trachea
bronchial tree - ANSWER system of air conducting passages; progressively get
narrower
primary bronchi - ANSWER enter hilum of lungs with the pulmonary vessels, lymphatic
vessels, and nerves
secondary bronchi - ANSWER left lung has two, right lung has three
segmental bronchi - ANSWER right lung has 10, left lung 8-10; supplies
bronchopulmonary segment
bronchioles - ANSWER small tubules; lined with simple columnar or simple cuboidal
epithelium
terminal bronchioles - ANSWER final segment of conducting pathway; conduct air into
respiratory portion
respiratory bronchioles - ANSWER formed from terminal bronchioles
