Community Nursing Exam 2 Questions & Answers

Community Nursing Exam 2 Questions & Answers Chemical, biological, and radiological exposure affect our health, other factors include physical, social, and psychosocial environmental health Elevated lead levels may be r/t soil from garden The Healthy Communities and Cities (HCC) movement can best be described as which of the following? a. Movement that began in Europe in 1986, which is now an international movement of communities and cities focused on mobilizing local resources, including political, professional, and community members, in an effort to improve the health of the community b. Movement that began in the United States in 1986 that targets health promotion in community practice c. Movement that focuses on the effective development and utilization of public policy as the primary means for improving health in communities worldwide d. Program that uses the principles of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention in communities throughout the world in an effort to mobilize citizens to improve the health of their communities a. Movement that began in Europe in 1986, which is now an international movement of communities and cities focused on mobilizing local resources, including political, professional, and community members, in an effort to improve the health of the community A nurse has decided to use a bottom-up approach of HCC to meet Healthy People 2020 goals for the community setting. Which would be the most appropriate intervention? a. Design and implement a health promotion activity that can be scheduled at a senior center b. Organize a community meeting of local politicians, clinicians, and community members to prioritize needs and plan for the purchase of equipment needed to better treat elderly clients with diabetes c. Recruit the mayor and city council to designate an annual Elder Health day d. Work with local city council members, health care providers, and community members to choose, design, and implement a culturally appropriate health promotion activity for older adults d. Work with local city council members, health care providers, and community members to choose, design, and implement a culturally appropriate health promotion activity for older adults The HCC model process relies on a problem solving approach to achieve goals. The best example of this approach is: a. community activists lobbying their state legislature to mandate increased primary care access. b. community-oriented nurses using the nine-step Community Health Promotion Model (CHPM) to encourage and empower community members to take responsibility for change. c. health care professionals working independently to determine priorities for their community and then educating their community about the health promotion needs they have prioritized. d. teachers using health promotion curricula to reduce teenage smoking in their community. b. community-oriented nurses using the nine-step Community Health Promotion Model (CHPM) to encourage and empower community members to take responsibility for change. 4. An example of tertiary prevention related to HCC is: a. assessing the need for programs to treat alcohol addiction. b. assessing the strengths of local schools' adolescent pregnancy prevention programs. c. initiating an evaluation of a program to address endemic hepatitis A in a community. d. organizing a community forum to explore health promotion priorities. c. initiating an evaluation of a program to address endemic hepatitis A in a community. 5. Nurses working with communities to implement the CHPM are most effective when they: a. begin where the community is and then work to facilitate implementation of all nine steps. b. serve in the role of expert, spearheading the community's work. c. teach basic community and public health concepts before beginning to explain and teach the Health Communities Model. d. work with community leaders to begin with step one and progress through step nine of the model. a. begin where the community is and then work to facilitate implementation of all nine steps. 6. Instrumental in the development of HCC is the concept of primary health care, which refers to meeting the basic health needs of a community by providing readily accessible health services. Primary health care seeks to provide affordable social, biomedical, and health services that are relevant and acceptable in terms of the individual's health, needs, and concerns. This is the primary health care principle of: a. appropriate technology. b. community participation. c. equity. d. multisectoral participation. a. appropriate technology. 7. The Ottawa Charter adopted by the HCC movement defined health promotion as the process of enabling people to take control over and to improve their health by enabling community members to increase control over and assume more responsibility for health; mediating among public, private, voluntary, and community sectors; and advocating on behalf of people who are powerless to make the changes necessary to promote health. The charter identified the most effective health promotion action as: a. creating supportive environments. b. developing health-promoting public policy. c. reorienting health services. d. strengthening community action. b. developing health-promoting public policy. 8. The Community Health Improvement Model: Step 3-Development of the Community Structure for Health Promotion supports the development of local collaborative partnerships to enhance the objectives of HCC. The collaborative partnership best practice of "identifying specific community and system changes to be sought to effect widespread behavior change and community health improvement" would best apply to which concept of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion strategic framework? a. Creating supportive environments b. Establishing health-promoting public policy c. Reorienting health services d. Strengthening community action d. Strengthening community action 9. A nurse expands a community exercise program to include a senior exercise program targeted at strength and balance training in response to the HCC initiative to address the needs of free-living elders in the local community. The nurse is most likely applying the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion priority health promotion activity of: a. developing personal skills. b. establishing health-promoting public policy. c. reorienting health services. d. strengthening community. c. reorienting health services. 1. The HCC movement emphasizes a bottom-up approach to community practice. The CHPM is a bottom-up community practice model that includes multisectoral planning and action for health, which is consistent with a locality development model (bottom-up approach). The aspects of the locality development model that have been integrated can best be described as which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Emphasizing consensus and cooperation b. Building a sense of community c. Using a rational-empirical approach d. Producing fundamental social change e. Rational-empirical problem solving by outside experts a. Emphasizing consensus and cooperation b. Building a sense of community A nurse is assigned to provide community outreach to a small town that was partially destroyed by a tornado 3 years earlier and has been rebuilt. The first client is a family who lost their home and their best friend in the tornado. The best intervention would include: a. assessment of the family's home environment to rule out safety issues. b. avoidance of discussion of the disaster of 3 years ago. c. consideration that the family will have worked through the emotional aftermath by now. d. support of the family in preparing a personal disaster response plan. d. support of the family in preparing a personal disaster response plan. 2. The highest priority for a nurse who is among the first responders to a disaster is: a. arranging for shelter for disaster providers. b. beginning community assessment as soon as possible to ensure a rapid recovery. c. beginning surveillance and planning needed health education for disaster survivors. d. immediately developing plans for effective triage and client management. d. immediately developing plans for effective triage and client management. 3. The emergency support functions of the National Response Framework (NRF) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS) provide: a. authority to step in and take control of state, local, and voluntary organizations during disasters. b. command and control for American Red Cross and Disaster Medical Assistance teams. c. oversight of federal and state response operations, with minimal interaction with other organizations. d. written approach, protocol, and common language for responders from federal agencies and other voluntary organizations. d. written approach, protocol, and common language for responders from federal agencies and other voluntary organizations. 4. A nurse is working with a disaster medical assistance team as it responds to a disaster. A new team member excitedly insists that its personnel can exceed their 12-hour shifts and do not need breaks. The best intervention on the part of the nurse is to: a. arrange for the team member to be transferred to another unit. b. arrange for the team member to leave duty, return home, and talk with his or her pastor. c. educate the rescuer about necessary stress-management techniques and offer to pair up with the individual so that each can monitor the other's stress level. d. help the team member to call home to speak with his or her family. c. educate the rescuer about necessary stress-management techniques and offer to pair up with the individual so that each can monitor the other's stress level. 5. The major factor that has led to sharply increased insurance payouts following disasters in the United States in recent decades has been: a. El Niño. b. geography. c. technology. d. human development. d. human development 6. A nurse takes the time to read and understand the community's disaster plans and participates in mock disaster drills as a leader of the triage team. The nurse obtained disaster management training through the local Red Cross chapter and registered with the state as a disaster management nurse. The best description of the nurse's activities is: a. American Red Cross disaster training. b. community preparedness. c. personal preparedness. d. professional preparedness. b. community preparedness. 7. After a mock disaster drill, the nurse participates in a "hot wash" of the exercise in which participants from all units speak about successes, problem solving, failures, and unanticipated challenges or obstacles faced during the mock disaster drill. This activity best addresses the public health workforce competency of: a. describing the agency chain of command. b. identifying the limits of one's own knowledge, skill, and authority. c. recognizing unusual events that might indicate an emergency. d. writing after-action reports, updating implementation plans, and implementing changes. d. writing after-action reports, updating implementation plans, and implementing changes. 8. An extensive train derailment occurs in the suburbs of a large metropolitan area. First responders determine that although no fatalities occurred, the derailed cars contain a noxious gas that diffuses readily into the air. The event easily overwhelms the capability of the local responders and hazmat teams are required. The local office of emergency management would coordinate through the emergency operation center to request assistance through which of the following? a. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) b. Mutual aid agreement c. NIMS d. National Response Plan b. Mutual aid agreement 9. A nurse wishes to become actively involved in disaster management and is extremely interested in providing first aid and delivering aggregate health promotion, disease prevention, and emotional support. It would be ideal for the nurse to train and volunteer as which of the following? a. Community emergency response team member b. Disaster medical assistance team member c. Member of the Medical Reserve Corps d. Red Cross shelter manager d. Red Cross shelter manager 1. Disaster-related nursing is an evolving specialty. Nurses have unique skills that can be applied in which of the following aspects of disaster management? (Select all that apply.) a. Completion of the American Red Cross disaster management course and registration as a disaster responder b. Clinical management of blast lung injury c. Engagement of the BioWatch system d. Monitoring of the environment to contain infectious disease e. Planning and organization of mass prophylaxis and vaccine campaigns A, B, D, E 1. When applying the bioecologic systems theory to families, a major assumption of this model is: a. families experience disequilibrium when they transition from one stage to another stage. b. focusing on the interaction of the system with other systems rather than the individual. c. maintaining stability through adaptation to internal and external stressors. d. what happens outside the family is as equally important as what happens inside the family. d. what happens outside the family is as equally important as what happens inside the family. . One challenge in working with families for healthy outcomes when the following capacity-building practice model occurs when the nurse steps aside in: a. defining the problem. b. designing family interventions. c. evaluating the plan. d. pre-encountering data collection. b. designing family interventions. 3. When the community health nurse displays pertinent family information in a family tree format, the family can see the family structure, its members and their relationships over at least three generations and provides a visual source for planning family interventions. This approach also assists the nurse in making clinical judgments relevant to family structure and history. This type of family assessment instrument is referred to as: a. ecomap. b. genogram. c. family developmental task. d. family diagnosis. b. genogram 4. One of the most significant household changes in the second half of the twentieth century in North America was the increase in men and women living together without marrying. Effects of this trend on the children of cohabitating couples include: a. increased chance of exposure to second-hand smoke. b. decreased chance of parental separation. c. more behavioral and cognitive problems. d. more stable living conditions. a. increased chance of exposure to second-hand smoke. c. more behavioral and cognitive problems. . A community health nurse is working with a single parent with a special needs child and a child with asthma. The maternal grandmother lives with the family and was recently diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse understands the importance of including the grandmother in her assessment and interventions because families are: a. resistant to outside intervention or involvement. b. involved in the health care of their members. c. unable to manage the stress of complex health needs. d. restricted in their ability to identify interventions. b. involved in the health care of their members. 6. The nurse working with the family of a child recently diagnosed with juvenile diabetes asks the parents about any changes in their relationship since the child's diagnosis. This family nursing approach can best be described as treating the family as a: a. client. b. component of society. c. context. d. system. d. system. 7. One major challenge in the development of social policies that affect families is related to: a. absence of any federal family policies. b. indirect negative effects on families. c. attempts at welfare reform. d. ongoing debate as to what constitutes a family. d. ongoing debate as to what constitutes a family. 8. Two of the most significant barriers to practicing family nursing are the narrow definition of family used by health care professionals and social policy makers and: a. lack of consensus on what constitutes a healthy family. b. medical and nursing diagnosis systems. c. nursing's historical ties with the medical model. d. lack of exposure of practicing nurses to family concepts. a. lack of consensus on what constitutes a healthy family. 1. A nurse is evaluating the outcome of a family with children's action plan to address the incorporation of caregiving needs of the paternal grandfather. Although evaluation includes many tasks, the critical thinking process includes: (Select all that apply.) a. conducting a summative evaluation meeting. b. determining the timeliness of the plan outcome. c. identifying changes in the family story. d. identifying nurse-related barriers. e. making the transition of nurse to family dependence. B,C,D b. determining the timeliness of the plan outcome. c. identifying changes in the family story. d. identifying nurse-related barriers. 2. Family health can be defined as a dynamic relative state of well-being that involves the biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and spiritual aspects of the family system. This approach to family health is consistent with which of the following principles? (Select all that apply.) a. Assessment of the individual's health does not reveal the overall family system's health b. Family functioning affects the health of individuals c. Family system assessment specifically addresses the individual's health d. The individual's health affects the family's functioning e. Individual family members and the family system as a whole are assessed simultaneously b. Family functioning affects the health of individuals d. The individual's health affects the family's functioning e. Individual family members and the family system as a whole are assessed simultaneously 1. A nurse is assessing a family's ability to provide home care for their 6 year old, who is a quadriplegic as a result of an automobile accident. The nurse teaches the parents body mechanics and transfer techniques. The nurse also determines the parents' physical ability to safely lift the child. The nurse's actions relate to which of the five interacting variables of Neuman's Systems Model? a. Developmental b. Physiological c. Psychological d. Sociocultural e. Spiritual b. Physiological 2. The nurse continues the assessment of a family's ability to provide home care for their 6 year old, who is a quadriplegic as a result of an automobile accident, noting that the parents are in good physical health with no genetic or lifestyle risks, live in a safe neighborhood with caring neighbors, are dealing with grief and stress as they adjust to their child's injury, and are concerned that their insurance benefits may not adequately cover their child's expenses. The family's current health risk appraisal identifies the following risks: a. Biological and life-event risks b. Economic and life-event risks c. Life-event and social risks d. Social risks and biological risks b. Economic and life-event risks 3. A nurse contacts a family to arrange an initial home visit. The nurse explains the source of the referral and the purpose of the visit. The husband expresses his concerns about the need for a home visit but agrees to a date and time for the home visit. The nurse reviews the agency's family record and the referral. The nurse has completed which phase(s) of the home visit? a. Initiation phase b. Initiation and postvisit phase c. Initiation and previsit phase d. Previsit phase c. Initiation and previsit phase . During a home visit, a nurse teaches a husband who is recovering from a stroke and his wife how to modify their home environment to prevent falls. This education represents: a. primary prevention. b. secondary prevention. c. secondary and tertiary prevention. d. tertiary prevention. d. tertiary prevention. 5. During an assessment of a family of four, the nurse completes a genogram. This assessment tool is effective in identifying: a. behavioral health risk. b. biological health risk. c. nonnormative life events. d. normative age-related risk. b. biological health risk. 6. When conducting an environmental risk assessment, the nurse explores the economic risk and social risk of the family. To capture social risk assessment data, the nurse can best use which of the following? a. Community assessment and ecomap b. Genogram and ecomap c. Genogram and history d. Double ABC-X model a. Community assessment and ecomap