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NSG 322 Pharm Final Exam Practice
Material With 100% Correct Answers
Grade A Certified
prototype for antipsychotic (trade/generic), treatment for schizophrenia - correct
answershaldol/haloperidol
how long does it take the typical antipsychotic drug to reach its therapeutic effect? - correct
answersseveral days
what would you say if a patient calls and states that the antipsychotic drug isn't working within
the 1st couple of days? - correct answerskeep taking it (they don't work right away)
what should we inform the patient about antipsychotics concerning taking the prescription? -
correct answerstake consistently (doses need to build up in the body)
what receptors do antipsychotics (haldol/haloperidol) block? - correct answersdopamine, alpha,
and serotonin
is haldol/haloperidol highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (92%)
how does the nurse make sure that the patient is complying and adhering to the antipsychotic
regimen? - correct answersbuild a relationship (establish trust)
adverse effects of haldol/haloperidol - correct answersextrapyramidal effects
(pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia); seizures
stop giving haldol/haloperidol if the patient has this disease - correct answersparkinson's disease
(avoid starts and stops)
where is haldol/haloperidol metabolized? - correct answersliver
what population has a black box warning associated with haldol/haloperidol? - correct
answerselderly patients with dementia-related psychosis
what is the prototype drug (trade/generic) used for alzheimer-type dementia? - correct
answersexelon/rivastigmine
what enzyme does exelon/rivastigmine inhibit? - correct answersacetylcholinesterase enzyme
what effect does exelon/rivastigmine have on acetylcholine? - correct answersincreases amount
of acetylcholine (prevents breakdown of it)
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what is the most common adverse effect of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersGI upset (take
with food)
what is the most serious side effect of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersbradycardia
is exelon/rivastigmine curative or palliative? - correct answerspalliative (does not cure the
disease)
what does acetylcholine help regulate (think about what the brain does)? - correct
answersregulates memory and cognition
what metabolizes exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersAChE
what is the main route/dosage of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersPO; 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 mg
is exelon/rivastigmine highly protein bound? - correct answersno (40%)
what is the prototype (trade/generic) antiepileptic drug that decreases sodium influx - correct
answersdilantin/phenytoin
what pt education should the nurse provide when talking about the suspension form of
phenytoin? - correct answersmust be shaken (before pouring, measure the dose)
is phenytoin highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (90-95%)
if the pt is homeless and is an alcoholic, would dilantin/phenytoin be effective? - correct
answersno: malnourished (pt may have seizures because there is not enough protein in the body)
what types of seizures does dilantin/phenytoin control? - correct answerspartial and generalized
(grand mal) seizures
where is dilantin/phenytoin mostly metabolized by? - correct answersliver
what is the primary site of action of dilantin/phenytoin? - correct answersmotor cortex
rate of metabolism among people when taking dilantin/phenytoin - correct answersvaries greatly
how does dilantin/phenytoin work? - correct answersblocks inactive sodium channels (delays
action-potential b/t synapses, which prevents excessive muscle contractions during a grand mal
seizure)
what must the nurse do when administering phenytoin via IV route? - correct answersgive slowly
(black box warning for effects on ventricular automaticity)
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in terms of the mentality of the pt, what should the nurse assess for in a pt taking
dilantin/phenytoin? - correct answersincrease in suicidal thoughts (also affects CNS w/
symptoms such as ataxia)
what are 2 examples of the most serious adverse effects of dilantin/phenytoin? - correct
answersliver damage and blood dyscrasia
can drug therapy of dilantin/phenytoin be stopped? - correct answersno (doing so can cause
status epilepticus)
what is dilantin/phenytoin contraindicated with? - correct answersalcohol intolerance and heart
conditions (sinus bradycardia, SA or AV block)
what can happen if dilantin/phenytoin is administered too quickly via IV? - correct
answerscardiovascular collapse (hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias)
what are two essential ideas the pt must know when beginning seizure drug therapy? - correct
answersno alcohol and do not stop taking medication
what are the two best drugs for acute seizures? (trade/generic) - correct
answers(benzodiazepines) ativan/lorazepam, IV and valium/diazepam rectally (choose IV first)
what is the prototype benzodiazepine drug (trade/generic)? - correct answersativan/lorazepam
what therapeutic effects does ativan/lorazepam have on the body? - correct answerssedation:
decreases anxiety and seizures
is ativan/lorazepam highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (85%)
what do benzodiazepines do? - correct answersincrease effects of GABA (inhibitory
neurotransmitter of the CNS)
what is the site of action of ativan/lorazepam? - correct answersbrain
what are some contraindications of ativan/lorazepam? - correct answerspsychoses, glaucoma,
intra-arterial use
what happens if the pt suddenly stops ativan/lorazepam after prolonged periods of time? - correct
answersphysical dependence (withdrawal symptoms could occur)
what kind of seizures are benzos (clonazepam) used for? - correct answersabsence, atonic, and
myoclonic (also for absence seizures when ethosuximide has failed)
is clonazepam highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (85%)
NSG 322 Pharm Final Exam Practice
Material With 100% Correct Answers
Grade A Certified
prototype for antipsychotic (trade/generic), treatment for schizophrenia - correct
answershaldol/haloperidol
how long does it take the typical antipsychotic drug to reach its therapeutic effect? - correct
answersseveral days
what would you say if a patient calls and states that the antipsychotic drug isn't working within
the 1st couple of days? - correct answerskeep taking it (they don't work right away)
what should we inform the patient about antipsychotics concerning taking the prescription? -
correct answerstake consistently (doses need to build up in the body)
what receptors do antipsychotics (haldol/haloperidol) block? - correct answersdopamine, alpha,
and serotonin
is haldol/haloperidol highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (92%)
how does the nurse make sure that the patient is complying and adhering to the antipsychotic
regimen? - correct answersbuild a relationship (establish trust)
adverse effects of haldol/haloperidol - correct answersextrapyramidal effects
(pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia); seizures
stop giving haldol/haloperidol if the patient has this disease - correct answersparkinson's disease
(avoid starts and stops)
where is haldol/haloperidol metabolized? - correct answersliver
what population has a black box warning associated with haldol/haloperidol? - correct
answerselderly patients with dementia-related psychosis
what is the prototype drug (trade/generic) used for alzheimer-type dementia? - correct
answersexelon/rivastigmine
what enzyme does exelon/rivastigmine inhibit? - correct answersacetylcholinesterase enzyme
what effect does exelon/rivastigmine have on acetylcholine? - correct answersincreases amount
of acetylcholine (prevents breakdown of it)
what is the most common adverse effect of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersGI upset (take
with food)
what is the most serious side effect of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersbradycardia
is exelon/rivastigmine curative or palliative? - correct answerspalliative (does not cure the
disease)
what does acetylcholine help regulate (think about what the brain does)? - correct
answersregulates memory and cognition
what metabolizes exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersAChE
what is the main route/dosage of exelon/rivastigmine? - correct answersPO; 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 mg
is exelon/rivastigmine highly protein bound? - correct answersno (40%)
what is the prototype (trade/generic) antiepileptic drug that decreases sodium influx - correct
answersdilantin/phenytoin
what pt education should the nurse provide when talking about the suspension form of
phenytoin? - correct answersmust be shaken (before pouring, measure the dose)
is phenytoin highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (90-95%)
if the pt is homeless and is an alcoholic, would dilantin/phenytoin be effective? - correct
answersno: malnourished (pt may have seizures because there is not enough protein in the body)
what types of seizures does dilantin/phenytoin control? - correct answerspartial and generalized
(grand mal) seizures
where is dilantin/phenytoin mostly metabolized by? - correct answersliver
what is the primary site of action of dilantin/phenytoin? - correct answersmotor cortex
rate of metabolism among people when taking dilantin/phenytoin - correct answersvaries greatly
how does dilantin/phenytoin work? - correct answersblocks inactive sodium channels (delays
action-potential b/t synapses, which prevents excessive muscle contractions during a grand mal
seizure)
what must the nurse do when administering phenytoin via IV route? - correct answersgive slowly
(black box warning for effects on ventricular automaticity)
in terms of the mentality of the pt, what should the nurse assess for in a pt taking
dilantin/phenytoin? - correct answersincrease in suicidal thoughts (also affects CNS w/
symptoms such as ataxia)
what are 2 examples of the most serious adverse effects of dilantin/phenytoin? - correct
answersliver damage and blood dyscrasia
can drug therapy of dilantin/phenytoin be stopped? - correct answersno (doing so can cause
status epilepticus)
what is dilantin/phenytoin contraindicated with? - correct answersalcohol intolerance and heart
conditions (sinus bradycardia, SA or AV block)
what can happen if dilantin/phenytoin is administered too quickly via IV? - correct
answerscardiovascular collapse (hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias)
what are two essential ideas the pt must know when beginning seizure drug therapy? - correct
answersno alcohol and do not stop taking medication
what are the two best drugs for acute seizures? (trade/generic) - correct
answers(benzodiazepines) ativan/lorazepam, IV and valium/diazepam rectally (choose IV first)
what is the prototype benzodiazepine drug (trade/generic)? - correct answersativan/lorazepam
what therapeutic effects does ativan/lorazepam have on the body? - correct answerssedation:
decreases anxiety and seizures
is ativan/lorazepam highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (85%)
what do benzodiazepines do? - correct answersincrease effects of GABA (inhibitory
neurotransmitter of the CNS)
what is the site of action of ativan/lorazepam? - correct answersbrain
what are some contraindications of ativan/lorazepam? - correct answerspsychoses, glaucoma,
intra-arterial use
what happens if the pt suddenly stops ativan/lorazepam after prolonged periods of time? - correct
answersphysical dependence (withdrawal symptoms could occur)
what kind of seizures are benzos (clonazepam) used for? - correct answersabsence, atonic, and
myoclonic (also for absence seizures when ethosuximide has failed)
is clonazepam highly protein bound? - correct answersyes (85%)
