BHSC-1200-HY5 WEEK 1 STUDY GUIDE
Anatomy
Describes the STRUCTURE of the body
1. what they're made of
2. where they're located
3. associated structures
Physiology
Describes the FUNCTION of the body
(the why and the how)
Homeostasis
the maintenance of body systems in a state of balance and equilibrium
Why is homeostasis so important?
It ensures that the internal environment remains steady despite the changes externally
via FEEDBACK mechanism
Feedback system: 1. Receptor (sensor)
1. structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition
2.sends info to control system
Feedback system: 2. Control Centre
1. receives information and sends output (via nerve impulses) to effectors
Feedback system: 3. Effectors
structure that receives output and produces a response that changes the controlled
condition
(like dementors, they do dirty work)
Negative feedback
1. the response of the effector negates the stimulus
2. body is brought back to homeostasis
3. Normal range is achieved
4. Negative feedback control leads to STABILITY
Positive feedback
1. the response of the effector reinforces change of the stimulus
2. Body is moved away from homeostasis = NORMAL RANGE is LOST
, 3. Used to speed up processes
4. may lead to instability because the output becomes progressively stronger as it is fed
back and re-amplified
PREGNANCYYYYYY
Anatomical Position
standing erect facing observer, hands at sides, palms forward, feet together and flat on
floor
Supine postion
lying down, face up
prone position
lying down, face down
Decubitus position
"position of lying down"
Lateral decubitus position
lying on your lateral side
Anatomy
Describes the STRUCTURE of the body
1. what they're made of
2. where they're located
3. associated structures
Physiology
Describes the FUNCTION of the body
(the why and the how)
Homeostasis
the maintenance of body systems in a state of balance and equilibrium
Why is homeostasis so important?
It ensures that the internal environment remains steady despite the changes externally
via FEEDBACK mechanism
Feedback system: 1. Receptor (sensor)
1. structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition
2.sends info to control system
Feedback system: 2. Control Centre
1. receives information and sends output (via nerve impulses) to effectors
Feedback system: 3. Effectors
structure that receives output and produces a response that changes the controlled
condition
(like dementors, they do dirty work)
Negative feedback
1. the response of the effector negates the stimulus
2. body is brought back to homeostasis
3. Normal range is achieved
4. Negative feedback control leads to STABILITY
Positive feedback
1. the response of the effector reinforces change of the stimulus
2. Body is moved away from homeostasis = NORMAL RANGE is LOST
, 3. Used to speed up processes
4. may lead to instability because the output becomes progressively stronger as it is fed
back and re-amplified
PREGNANCYYYYYY
Anatomical Position
standing erect facing observer, hands at sides, palms forward, feet together and flat on
floor
Supine postion
lying down, face up
prone position
lying down, face down
Decubitus position
"position of lying down"
Lateral decubitus position
lying on your lateral side
