NEW TESTAMENT
ROMANS
INTRODUCTION
§ May be considered the most _______________ letter ever written
§ The Roman _______________ (3.23; 5.8; 6.23; 10.9)
§ Martin Luther's discovery of the "_______________ of God" as revealed by the gospel
§ Romans is the product of Paul's _______________theological thought and
_______________presentation of his gospel
AUTHORSHIP
§ External Evidence - early and _______________that Paul is the author
§ Internal Evidence - no major issues; F. C. Baur considered it to be part of the
_______________
§ Charles Hodge – "There is ... no book in the Bible, and there is no ancient book in
the world, of which the authenticity is more certain than that of this epistle."
§ C. H. Dodd – "The authenticity of the Epistle to the Romans is a closed question"
ISSUES OF INTEGRITY
§ Romans may be a patchwork of two or three letters or sermons
§ Multiple _______________of Romans in the manuscripts
§ _______________ (AD 200) places the concluding doxology (16.25-27) at
the end of ch 15 while still including ch 16
§ Other manuscripts (mainly Latin) place the doxology at the end of ch 14
§ _______________ (3d century) referred to ch 14 as the conclusion of the
letter
§ Many Theories – suggesting either chs 15-16 or ch 16 were
_______________later, or this original material was _______________from
some manuscripts
§ Best Option - Chs 15 & 16 may have been eliminated by scribes to make
the letter more _______________ (Harry Gamble)
DATE & PROVENANCE
§ Written at the end of Paul's 3rd Missionary Journey
§ Paul planned to deliver the _______________ relief offering then pass through
Rome on his way to Spain (Rom 15)
§ Aquila and Priscilla back in Rome (AD 54) with a church meeting in their home
(Rom 16.3-5)
§ Written from Corinth
§ While collecting the offering, Paul stayed in _______________for three months
(Acts 20.1-3)
§ _______________of Romans 16 is likely the Gaius of Corinth (1 Cor 1:14)
§ _______________, the city treasurer of Romans 16 is probably the one
mentioned in Acts 19.22 and 2 Tim 4.20
§ A Latin inscription located in Corinth mentions the name "Erastus"
, § _______________of Romans 16 is from Cenchrea which was only a few
miles from Corinth
§ Conclusion - Probably written in the winter of _______________from Corinth
AUDIENCE
§ Christians in _______________?
§ A few manuscripts _______________the phrase "in Rome" in vv 7 and 15
§ One would not expect Paul to personally know _______________people in
Rome as mentioned in Ch 16
§ Priscilla and Aquilla had established a church in _______________ (1 Cor 16.19)
§ Paul sent greetings to Epainetus from _______________ (Rom 16.5), the
province in which Ephesus was located
§ Christians in _______________ (Best Option)
§ Paul addresses saints in _______________- "To all who are in Rome, loved by
God, called as saints ... who are in Rome" (Rom 1:7, 15)
§ Paul's plans were to take the Gospel farther _______________ (Spain)
ORIGIN & COMPOSITION OF THE ROMAN CHURCH
§ Origin
§ Some say _______________and _______________founded the church in Rome
§ Paul had not visited the church at the time of writing his epistle
§ Paul indicated that he nor any of the apostles founded the church (15:20)
§ Paul never mentions Peter in Romans
§ Christians appear to be in Rome in AD 49 (Edict of Claudius)
§ Most likely originally founded by witnesses of _______________
§ Composition
§ Paul's epistle seems to indicate that the church is made up of both
_______________and _______________believers
§ Paul instructs the church on how everyone is _______________before God, how
they all are _______________by grace through faith, and how they all must now
____________________for the glory of God
OCCASION
§ Paul was about to go to _______________with the relief offering (15.25-29)
§ Paul planned to travel from Jerusalem through Rome to _______________in order to
preach to gospel where it was not known (15.20)
§ Jewish Christians recently evicted from Rome come back to a
_______________dominated church. Tension builds as Gentiles resist the pressure to
adopt Jewish customs
§ According to Tacitus, Rome was experiencing _______________unrest related to the tax
burden of greedy revenue collectors (13.6-7)
PURPOSE
§ Many proposals – "a long and seemingly unending debate" J.D.G. Dunn
ROMANS
INTRODUCTION
§ May be considered the most _______________ letter ever written
§ The Roman _______________ (3.23; 5.8; 6.23; 10.9)
§ Martin Luther's discovery of the "_______________ of God" as revealed by the gospel
§ Romans is the product of Paul's _______________theological thought and
_______________presentation of his gospel
AUTHORSHIP
§ External Evidence - early and _______________that Paul is the author
§ Internal Evidence - no major issues; F. C. Baur considered it to be part of the
_______________
§ Charles Hodge – "There is ... no book in the Bible, and there is no ancient book in
the world, of which the authenticity is more certain than that of this epistle."
§ C. H. Dodd – "The authenticity of the Epistle to the Romans is a closed question"
ISSUES OF INTEGRITY
§ Romans may be a patchwork of two or three letters or sermons
§ Multiple _______________of Romans in the manuscripts
§ _______________ (AD 200) places the concluding doxology (16.25-27) at
the end of ch 15 while still including ch 16
§ Other manuscripts (mainly Latin) place the doxology at the end of ch 14
§ _______________ (3d century) referred to ch 14 as the conclusion of the
letter
§ Many Theories – suggesting either chs 15-16 or ch 16 were
_______________later, or this original material was _______________from
some manuscripts
§ Best Option - Chs 15 & 16 may have been eliminated by scribes to make
the letter more _______________ (Harry Gamble)
DATE & PROVENANCE
§ Written at the end of Paul's 3rd Missionary Journey
§ Paul planned to deliver the _______________ relief offering then pass through
Rome on his way to Spain (Rom 15)
§ Aquila and Priscilla back in Rome (AD 54) with a church meeting in their home
(Rom 16.3-5)
§ Written from Corinth
§ While collecting the offering, Paul stayed in _______________for three months
(Acts 20.1-3)
§ _______________of Romans 16 is likely the Gaius of Corinth (1 Cor 1:14)
§ _______________, the city treasurer of Romans 16 is probably the one
mentioned in Acts 19.22 and 2 Tim 4.20
§ A Latin inscription located in Corinth mentions the name "Erastus"
, § _______________of Romans 16 is from Cenchrea which was only a few
miles from Corinth
§ Conclusion - Probably written in the winter of _______________from Corinth
AUDIENCE
§ Christians in _______________?
§ A few manuscripts _______________the phrase "in Rome" in vv 7 and 15
§ One would not expect Paul to personally know _______________people in
Rome as mentioned in Ch 16
§ Priscilla and Aquilla had established a church in _______________ (1 Cor 16.19)
§ Paul sent greetings to Epainetus from _______________ (Rom 16.5), the
province in which Ephesus was located
§ Christians in _______________ (Best Option)
§ Paul addresses saints in _______________- "To all who are in Rome, loved by
God, called as saints ... who are in Rome" (Rom 1:7, 15)
§ Paul's plans were to take the Gospel farther _______________ (Spain)
ORIGIN & COMPOSITION OF THE ROMAN CHURCH
§ Origin
§ Some say _______________and _______________founded the church in Rome
§ Paul had not visited the church at the time of writing his epistle
§ Paul indicated that he nor any of the apostles founded the church (15:20)
§ Paul never mentions Peter in Romans
§ Christians appear to be in Rome in AD 49 (Edict of Claudius)
§ Most likely originally founded by witnesses of _______________
§ Composition
§ Paul's epistle seems to indicate that the church is made up of both
_______________and _______________believers
§ Paul instructs the church on how everyone is _______________before God, how
they all are _______________by grace through faith, and how they all must now
____________________for the glory of God
OCCASION
§ Paul was about to go to _______________with the relief offering (15.25-29)
§ Paul planned to travel from Jerusalem through Rome to _______________in order to
preach to gospel where it was not known (15.20)
§ Jewish Christians recently evicted from Rome come back to a
_______________dominated church. Tension builds as Gentiles resist the pressure to
adopt Jewish customs
§ According to Tacitus, Rome was experiencing _______________unrest related to the tax
burden of greedy revenue collectors (13.6-7)
PURPOSE
§ Many proposals – "a long and seemingly unending debate" J.D.G. Dunn
