Community nursing Questions & Answers correct

Community nursing Questions & Answers correct environmental health all the physical, chemical, and biological factors external to a person and all the related factors impacting behaviors. environmental factors Those "nonbiological" factors that are involved in a person's surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices. DPSEEA An acronym for a conceptual model, developed by the World Health Organization, that describes environmental factors relevant to health: driving forces-pressure-state-exposure-effects-actions environmental and occupational primary prevention immunization counsel about reducing exposure support development of policy related to occupational and environmental health secondary prevention environmental and occupational early detection or screening of environmentally related diseases eg assessing blood lead levels in at risk populations tertiary prevention environmental and occupational recovery or rehab of environmental related disease CHN Standards of Practice health promotion health prevention and protection health maintenance home health nursing competencies elements of home health, assessment, monitoring, clinical decision making - foundations focus on education and strategy to support SDH - quality and professional responsibilities risk st home and med errors indicators of maternal health breastfeeding smoking in pregnancy indicators of child health infant mortality rate nutrition injury lower socioeconomic status and lower neighborhood income are associated with higher risk of adverse perinatal health Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice Health promotion prevention and health protection health maintenance, restoration, and pallation professional relationships capacity building access and equity professional responsibility and accountability pillars of comprehensive school health social and physical environment teaching and learning healthy school policy partnerships and services scope of practice for school based public health nurses promote individual health promotion of small groups health school wide health promotion board or district wide health promotion family health theories structural functional systems family development structural - functional theory focuses on how structure of family affects family function Systems Theory focus on interaction within and among family subsystems as well as interaction with extended family and larger systems such as community, world, and universe family development theory proposes that families proceed through common, identifiable stages regardless of culture or ethnic variations family assessment determines: family roles division of labor power structure boundaries styles of problem solving coping abilities health promotion practices -collective family assessment data provides foundation for planning, intervention, and evaluation of nursing care 5 ways of viewing the family family as context (each individual) family as sum of parts family subsystems as client (interactions) family as client family as component of society community health nursing professional relationships, responsibility, and accountability - health promotion, prevention, protective, and capacity building - access, equity health maintenance, restoration, pallation Theory of intersectionality asks us to consider all the different levels of discrimination such as against gender, class, sexuality as ways to understand violence sociological model of violence 4 levels of influence that can affect risk for violence- individual, relationship, community, societal self directed violence suicidal behavior and self mutilation interpersonal violence violence inflicted against one individual by another or by a small group of others. can occur in families, relationships, and community collective violence social, political and economic violence committed by groups interpersonal violence exertion of power, intimidation, or force that results in hurt, fear, or injury community health nurse and prevention of violence in society primary -health promotion and development of social skills such as emapthy and communication secondary- recognizes potential victims or behaviors that are high risk, screening tertiary - identify resources to curb violent behavior or help victims to escape violence exercise of power, intimidation or force that results in hurt, fear, or injury intimate partner violence women 25 to 34 2x gay or lesbian 2x aboriginal risks are prior experience of intimate violence, age difference, child sho is not abusers, common law vs marriage, and separated. Expanded Chronic Care Model primary care based framework that supports complex needs of community patients with chronic conditions - broadens focus to include population health promotion with aim to improve prevention of illness and enhance community participation palliative approach symptom management pain control quality of life open discussion with patient and family about goals of care in order to meet needs in holistic and integrative way Prevention of negative caregiver outcomes Primary- preparing and supporting caregiver in their role Secondary- screening patients and caregivers at risk and providing support such as respite, teaching self care Tertiary- provide palliative care with goal of comfortable dying process and support for caregivers benefits of integrating palliative approach early in course of disease better symptoms management timely referrals less futile intervention older adult health promotion physical activity and fall prevention nutrition medication compliance sexuality older adult disease prevention immunization chronic illness - impacts such as loss of independence, disengagement, immobility, depression, poor self esteem older adult health key issue for CHN health eating physical activity smoking cessation injury prevention social connectiveness geographical and financial accessibility to health care -identify priorities for health promotion and disease prevention -collaborate with community to create activities of health promotion and screening - tertiary includes disease management to avoid complications evidence based nursing the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of theory-derived, research-based information in making decisions about care delivery to individuals or groups of patients and in consideration of individual needs and preferences - research utilization is integrated with clinical expertise, client preferences, and available resources questions used to evaluate studies of interventions are the results valid what are results will results help improve health of my clients research to uncover social determinants of health ecological and lan studies integrative reviews qualitative and quantitative community health planning community assessment identify problems consider solutions select best alternatives design, implement, monitor, and evaluate program make modifications Logic Model Visual representation of how a program is organized, including activities, resources, short-term and intermediate outcomes, and program goals. Logic model components CAT (components, activities, target group) SOLO ( short term and log term outcomes) ways to involve community in setting priorities with health planning buy in - engaging community members in discussing problem transparency - process for selecting priorities made apparent to those not involved Communication - communicate priorities to partners that have not provided input mIP FRAMEWORK identify community health issues describe socioecological features intervention options optimizing intervention strategies monitoring and evaluating impacts, spin offs, and sustainability Output indicators workload indicators/the amount of work done or the number of services Outcomes medium term changes attributed to the program impacts outcomes longer term results spin-off benefits Positive outcomes in addition to the main outcome Sustainability long term viability of program intervention nursing informatics ICT uses information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making