Community, Community Health Nursing Definitions and Roles Questions and Answers correct

Community, Community Health Nursing Definitions and Roles Questions and Answers correct Community health nursing Synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice applied to promoting and preserving the health of populations. The practice is general and comprehensive. It is not limited to a particular age group or diagnosis, and it is continuing, not episodic. The dominant responsibility is to the population as a whole; nursing directed to individuals, families, or groups contributes to the health of the total population. ... The focus of community health nursing is on the prevention of illness and the promotion and maintenance of health. Public health nursing The practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences. ... Public health nursing practice includes assessment and identification of subpopulations that are at high risk for injury, disease, threat of disease, or poor recovery and focusing resources so that services are available and accessible. ... [Public health nurses work] with and through relevant community leaders, interest groups, employers, families, and individuals, and through involvement in relevant social and political actions. Distribution of community health nurses Forty-five percent of community health nurses work for home health care (36%) or hospice (9%) agencies. Almost one-quarter work in school health (24%), and 17% work for health departments or HRSA funded community health centers. Other sites include occupational health (6%), correctional facilities (4%), and community mental health centers (3%). Primary prevention Health promotion Specific protection Health promotion Health education Good standard of nutrition adjusted to developmental phases of life Attention to personality development Provision of adequate housing, recreation, and agreeable working conditions Marriage counseling and sex education Genetics Periodic selective examinations Specific protection Use of specific immunizations Attention to personal hygiene Use of environmental sanitation Protection against occupational hazards Protection from accidents Use of specific nutrients Protection from carcinogens Avoidance of allergens Secondary prevention Early diagnosis and prompt treatment Disability limitation Early diagnosis and prompt treatment Case-finding measures, individual and mass Screening surveys Selective examinations Objectives: to cure and prevent disease processes To prevent the spread of communicable diseases To prevent complications and sequelae To shorten period of disability Disability limitation Adequate treatment to arrest the disease process and to prevent further complications and sequelae Provision of facilities to limit disability and to prevent death Tertiary prevention Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Provision of hospital and community facilities for retraining and education for maximum use of remaining capacities Education of the public and industry to utilize the rehabilitated As full employment as possible Selective placement Work therapy in hospitals Use o sheltered colony Major goals for community/public health nursing Care of the ill, disabled and suffering in nonhospital settings Support of development and well-being throughout the life cycle Promotion of human relatedness and mutual caring Promotion of self-responsibility regarding health and well-being Promotion of relative safety in the environment while conserving resources Reduction of health disparities among populations How is community/public health nursing distinct from other specialties? One distinction is that community/public health nursing has a broader perspective and is concerned with the health of the entire community and all of the aggregates within it. A second difference is that the direct care in community health is targeted toward individuals, families, groups, and aggregates based on those at risk Why is the number of RNs above 50 significant? RNs older than 50—about onethird of the current workforce—will reach retirement age. Retirement of large numbers of RNs over the next two decades means a loss of experiential knowledge and leadership brought to the workforce by seasoned RNs. The retirement decisions of this older cohort, which may be influenced by the pace of economic recovery, will affect the nursing workforce going forward. What percentage of nurses hold a bachelor's degree or higher? 55% Empowerment Assists others to uncover abilities, strengths and spirit Possibilities and opportunities revealed Fosters hope Coalition building Developing linkages Political action Use of power to influence decisions Policy development Places health issues and plans of action on decision makers' agendas Principles of public health nursing Client or unit of care is the population Greatest good for the greatest number Clients are an equal partner Primary prevention priority Obligation to reach out to all who might benefit Optimal use of available resources Collaboration Selecting strategies that create healthy environmental, social and economic conditions