ANS 319 Final Exam 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
What is an essential nutrient? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Any nutrient that must be
supplied in the diet because your body cannot make it on its own
Nonessential nutrient - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a nutrient that the body can make on
its own
Macronutrient - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔proteins, fats, carbohydrates
Micronutrients - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔vitmins and minerals
What absorbs the macronutrients? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔GIT
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Monosaccharides or simple sugars
Building blocks of proteins? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Amino acids
Building blocks of fats/lipids - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔fatty acids
pregastric nonruminants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔hamster, kangaroo
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,pregastric fermenters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cattle and sheep
hind gut fermenters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔horses and rabbits
hindgut cecal digesters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔capybara and mice/rats
sacculated colonic digester - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔horse and pig
unsacculated colonic digester - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔panda and dog
3 volatile fatty acids - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔butyrate, propionate, acetate
What are the two ways we digest nutrients? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔mechanical
and chemical digestion
What is used as energy in a ruminant - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔VFA
What is used as protein in a ruminant? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔microbial protein
Where does monogastric fermentation occur? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔large
intestine
T/F: Hindgut fermenters use microbial protein just like ruminants -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔true
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,What are the three structural carbohydrates - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cellulose,
hemicellulose, lignin
Why do we process feed - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔to increase surface area and
digestibility
how do plants obtain ammonia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔nitrogen-fixing bacteria
When would a plan have the least amount of carbohydrates - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔when they are young/small
What structural carbohydrates are composed of ADF (acid detergent fiber)
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cellulose and lignin
As lignin increases in a plant, what happens to digestibility? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔decreases
What is the difference between a digestion and a balance trial - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔in balance they collect urine, digestion they do not
As a plant reaches maturity, what happens to NDF, ADF, and crude
protein? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ADF and NDF increase, crude protein decreases
What is the least digestible fiber portion of forage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ADF
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Nutrition involves 4 processes, what are they in order? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Ingestion, digestion, absorption, metabolism
What are the functions of saliva - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔moisten feed, lubrication,
starch and lipid digestion
coprophagia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔eating feces
Initial site of protein digestion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔stomach
Why can't a horse vomit - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔striated esophagus
What converts pepsinogen to pepsin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔HCl, hydrochloric
acid
What are the three phases of digestion in order? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cephalic,
gastric, intestinal
What are the finger like projections on the mucosal surface of the small
intestines - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔villi
How do ruminants get energy? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔VFAs, absorbed through
the rumen wall
What is the glandular stomach in a chicken - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔proventriculus
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
What is an essential nutrient? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Any nutrient that must be
supplied in the diet because your body cannot make it on its own
Nonessential nutrient - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a nutrient that the body can make on
its own
Macronutrient - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔proteins, fats, carbohydrates
Micronutrients - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔vitmins and minerals
What absorbs the macronutrients? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔GIT
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Monosaccharides or simple sugars
Building blocks of proteins? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Amino acids
Building blocks of fats/lipids - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔fatty acids
pregastric nonruminants - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔hamster, kangaroo
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 1
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,pregastric fermenters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cattle and sheep
hind gut fermenters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔horses and rabbits
hindgut cecal digesters - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔capybara and mice/rats
sacculated colonic digester - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔horse and pig
unsacculated colonic digester - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔panda and dog
3 volatile fatty acids - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔butyrate, propionate, acetate
What are the two ways we digest nutrients? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔mechanical
and chemical digestion
What is used as energy in a ruminant - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔VFA
What is used as protein in a ruminant? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔microbial protein
Where does monogastric fermentation occur? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔large
intestine
T/F: Hindgut fermenters use microbial protein just like ruminants -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔true
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 2
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,What are the three structural carbohydrates - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cellulose,
hemicellulose, lignin
Why do we process feed - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔to increase surface area and
digestibility
how do plants obtain ammonia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔nitrogen-fixing bacteria
When would a plan have the least amount of carbohydrates - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔when they are young/small
What structural carbohydrates are composed of ADF (acid detergent fiber)
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cellulose and lignin
As lignin increases in a plant, what happens to digestibility? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔decreases
What is the difference between a digestion and a balance trial - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔in balance they collect urine, digestion they do not
As a plant reaches maturity, what happens to NDF, ADF, and crude
protein? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ADF and NDF increase, crude protein decreases
What is the least digestible fiber portion of forage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔ADF
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Nutrition involves 4 processes, what are they in order? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Ingestion, digestion, absorption, metabolism
What are the functions of saliva - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔moisten feed, lubrication,
starch and lipid digestion
coprophagia - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔eating feces
Initial site of protein digestion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔stomach
Why can't a horse vomit - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔striated esophagus
What converts pepsinogen to pepsin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔HCl, hydrochloric
acid
What are the three phases of digestion in order? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔cephalic,
gastric, intestinal
What are the finger like projections on the mucosal surface of the small
intestines - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔villi
How do ruminants get energy? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔VFAs, absorbed through
the rumen wall
What is the glandular stomach in a chicken - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔proventriculus
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 4
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
