CEN Practice Test Questions with correct
answers
Preload |refers |to:
a. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |left |side |of |the |heart
b. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |right |side |of |the |heart
c. |The |pressure |in |the |venous |system |that |the |heart |must |overcome |to |pump |the |blood
d. |The |pressure |in |the |arterial |system |that |the |heart |must |overcome |to |pump |the |blood |- |VERIFIED |
ANSWER✔✔-b. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |right |side |of |the |heart
Preload |is |the |volume |of |blood |that |enters |the |right |side |of |the |heart. |This |volume |stretches |the |
fibers |in |the |heart |prior |to |contraction. |Preload |is |commonly |measured |as |atrial |pressure.
The |patient |is |brought |to |the |ED |with |an |anterior |ST-elevation |myocardial |infarction |(STEMI). |You |are |
assessing |him |for |possible |administration |of |fibrinolytics. |An |absolute |contraindication |for |this |
treatment |is:
a. |The |patient's |pain |is |not |relieved |by |medications.
b. |Symptoms |began |36 |hours |before |arrival.
c. |The |patient |has |received |aspirin |in |the |last |2 |hours.
d. |The |patient |had |a |previous |MI |6 |years |ago. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Symptoms |began |36 |hours |
before |arrival.
Fibrinolytic |therapy |is |generally |NOT |recommended |for |patients |whose |symptoms |began |more |than |
12 |hours |before |arrival. |Fibrinolytics |should |not |be |given |if |the |onset |of |symptoms |was |more |than |24
|hours |before |arrival |UNLESS |a |posterior |MI |is |diagnosed. |In |this |case, |the |MI |was |anterior.
The |team |is |performing |CPR |on |a |patient. |The |rhythm |that |will |respond |to |an |electrical |shock |is:
a. |Asystole
,b. |PEA
c. |Ventricular |fibrillation
d. |SVT |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-c. |Ventricular |fibrillation
Ventricular |fibrillation |and |pulseless |ventricular |tachycardia |are |the |two |rhythms |that |are |considered |
to |be |"shockable" |cardiac |arrest |rhythms. |Although |asystole |and |PEA |are |cardiac |arrest |rhythms, |they
|will |not |respond |to |electrical |shock.
When |suctioning |during |a |cardiac |arrest, |suctioning |should |be |limited |to |which |of |the |following?
a. |Less |than |5 |seconds
b. |Less |than |10 |seconds
c. |Less |than |20 |seconds
d. |Less |than |30 |seconds |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Less |than |10 |seconds
According |to |the |2010 |BLS |and |ACLS |guidelines, |suctioning |for |longer |than |10 |seconds |may |result |in |
pulling |too |much |oxygen |out |of |the |airways |resulting |in |hypoxemia.
Possible |causes |of |cardiac |arrest |include |all |of |the |following |EXCEPT:
a. |Hypervolemia
b. |Hypoxia
c. |Hypokalemia
d. |Tension |Pneumothorax |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Hypervolemia
Common |causes |of |cardiac |arrest |are |known |as |the |H's |and |T's |and |include: |hypovolemia |(NOT |
hypervolemia), |hypoxia, |hydrogen |ion |excess |(acidosis), |hypo |or |hyperkalemia, |hypothermia, |tension |
pneumothorax, |tamponade, |toxins, |and |thrombosis |(pulmonary |or |coronary). |Correction |of |these |
causes |can |often |reverse |a |cardiac |arrest.
, You |are |providing |ventilations |using |a |Bag-mask |device. |Suddenly, |you |do |not |see |the |patient's |chest |
rise |with |the |ventilation. |You |reposition |the |patient |to |ensure |an |open |airway. |When |you |attempt |to |
ventilate, |you |do |not |see |his |chest |rise. |The |most |likely |cause |of |this |is:
a. |The |bag-mask |device |is |faulty
b. |Airway |obstruction
c. |The |patient |has |suffered |an |MI
d. |Cardiac |tamponade |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Airway |obstruction
The |most |likely |cause |of |the |failure |of |the |chest |to |rise |during |ventilations |is |an |airway |obstruction. |
Although |a |faulty |bag-mask |device |is |a |possibility, |it |is |unlikely |that |it |would |fail |in |the |middle |of |
providing |ventilations.
According |to |American |Heart |Association |ACLS |guidelines, |cricoid |pressure |during |intubation:
a. |Should |be |done |in |all |cases.
b. |Is |no |longer |recommended.
c. |Should |only |be |done |on |children.
d. |None |of |the |above. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Is |no |longer |recommended.
According |to |the |most |current |AHA |guidelines, |cricoid |pressure |may |delay |or |prevent |placement |of |an
|advanced |airway |so |is |no |longer |recommended.
You |are |providing |positive |pressure |ventilation |through |an |ET |tube |to |a |patient |in |respiratory |distress.
|Indications |that |you |are |ventilating |too |fast |include |all |of |the |following |EXCEPT:
a. |Increasing |waveform |capnography |readings
b. |Stomach |insufflation
c. |Tension |pneumothorax
d. |Aspiration |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Increasing |waveform |capnography |readings
answers
Preload |refers |to:
a. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |left |side |of |the |heart
b. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |right |side |of |the |heart
c. |The |pressure |in |the |venous |system |that |the |heart |must |overcome |to |pump |the |blood
d. |The |pressure |in |the |arterial |system |that |the |heart |must |overcome |to |pump |the |blood |- |VERIFIED |
ANSWER✔✔-b. |The |volume |of |blood |entering |the |right |side |of |the |heart
Preload |is |the |volume |of |blood |that |enters |the |right |side |of |the |heart. |This |volume |stretches |the |
fibers |in |the |heart |prior |to |contraction. |Preload |is |commonly |measured |as |atrial |pressure.
The |patient |is |brought |to |the |ED |with |an |anterior |ST-elevation |myocardial |infarction |(STEMI). |You |are |
assessing |him |for |possible |administration |of |fibrinolytics. |An |absolute |contraindication |for |this |
treatment |is:
a. |The |patient's |pain |is |not |relieved |by |medications.
b. |Symptoms |began |36 |hours |before |arrival.
c. |The |patient |has |received |aspirin |in |the |last |2 |hours.
d. |The |patient |had |a |previous |MI |6 |years |ago. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Symptoms |began |36 |hours |
before |arrival.
Fibrinolytic |therapy |is |generally |NOT |recommended |for |patients |whose |symptoms |began |more |than |
12 |hours |before |arrival. |Fibrinolytics |should |not |be |given |if |the |onset |of |symptoms |was |more |than |24
|hours |before |arrival |UNLESS |a |posterior |MI |is |diagnosed. |In |this |case, |the |MI |was |anterior.
The |team |is |performing |CPR |on |a |patient. |The |rhythm |that |will |respond |to |an |electrical |shock |is:
a. |Asystole
,b. |PEA
c. |Ventricular |fibrillation
d. |SVT |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-c. |Ventricular |fibrillation
Ventricular |fibrillation |and |pulseless |ventricular |tachycardia |are |the |two |rhythms |that |are |considered |
to |be |"shockable" |cardiac |arrest |rhythms. |Although |asystole |and |PEA |are |cardiac |arrest |rhythms, |they
|will |not |respond |to |electrical |shock.
When |suctioning |during |a |cardiac |arrest, |suctioning |should |be |limited |to |which |of |the |following?
a. |Less |than |5 |seconds
b. |Less |than |10 |seconds
c. |Less |than |20 |seconds
d. |Less |than |30 |seconds |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Less |than |10 |seconds
According |to |the |2010 |BLS |and |ACLS |guidelines, |suctioning |for |longer |than |10 |seconds |may |result |in |
pulling |too |much |oxygen |out |of |the |airways |resulting |in |hypoxemia.
Possible |causes |of |cardiac |arrest |include |all |of |the |following |EXCEPT:
a. |Hypervolemia
b. |Hypoxia
c. |Hypokalemia
d. |Tension |Pneumothorax |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Hypervolemia
Common |causes |of |cardiac |arrest |are |known |as |the |H's |and |T's |and |include: |hypovolemia |(NOT |
hypervolemia), |hypoxia, |hydrogen |ion |excess |(acidosis), |hypo |or |hyperkalemia, |hypothermia, |tension |
pneumothorax, |tamponade, |toxins, |and |thrombosis |(pulmonary |or |coronary). |Correction |of |these |
causes |can |often |reverse |a |cardiac |arrest.
, You |are |providing |ventilations |using |a |Bag-mask |device. |Suddenly, |you |do |not |see |the |patient's |chest |
rise |with |the |ventilation. |You |reposition |the |patient |to |ensure |an |open |airway. |When |you |attempt |to |
ventilate, |you |do |not |see |his |chest |rise. |The |most |likely |cause |of |this |is:
a. |The |bag-mask |device |is |faulty
b. |Airway |obstruction
c. |The |patient |has |suffered |an |MI
d. |Cardiac |tamponade |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Airway |obstruction
The |most |likely |cause |of |the |failure |of |the |chest |to |rise |during |ventilations |is |an |airway |obstruction. |
Although |a |faulty |bag-mask |device |is |a |possibility, |it |is |unlikely |that |it |would |fail |in |the |middle |of |
providing |ventilations.
According |to |American |Heart |Association |ACLS |guidelines, |cricoid |pressure |during |intubation:
a. |Should |be |done |in |all |cases.
b. |Is |no |longer |recommended.
c. |Should |only |be |done |on |children.
d. |None |of |the |above. |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-b. |Is |no |longer |recommended.
According |to |the |most |current |AHA |guidelines, |cricoid |pressure |may |delay |or |prevent |placement |of |an
|advanced |airway |so |is |no |longer |recommended.
You |are |providing |positive |pressure |ventilation |through |an |ET |tube |to |a |patient |in |respiratory |distress.
|Indications |that |you |are |ventilating |too |fast |include |all |of |the |following |EXCEPT:
a. |Increasing |waveform |capnography |readings
b. |Stomach |insufflation
c. |Tension |pneumothorax
d. |Aspiration |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-a. |Increasing |waveform |capnography |readings
