STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELLS MEMBRANE
FINAL EXAM GUIDE 2025
|MOST COMMON QUESTIONS WITH CORRECTLY
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY A+
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS
Plasma Membrane - Cell membrane involved in communication and transport.
Receptor Proteins - Proteins that receive environmental signals.
Channels and Transporters - Proteins that facilitate molecule import/export.
Cell Growth - Membrane expands without losing continuity.
Self-Healing Membrane - Membrane quickly reseals after being pierced.
Lipid Bilayer - Two sheets of lipids forming a barrier.
Permeability Barrier - Prevents water-soluble molecules from passing.
Eukaryotic Cells - Cells with internal membranes and organelles.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
Golgi Apparatus - Organelle for modifying and packaging proteins.
Endosomes - Membrane-bound compartments for sorting materials.
Mitochondria - Energy-producing organelles with double membranes.
Intracellular Compartments - Organelles enclosed by internal membranes.
Lipid Molecules - Hydrophobic molecules forming the membrane structure.
Protein Molecules - Embedded in membranes, performing various functions.
Aqueous Environment - Water-based surroundings affecting lipid behavior.
Organic Solvents - Solvents like benzene that dissolve lipids.
,Cell Motility - Ability of cells to move and change shape.
Mechanical Properties - Flexibility and resilience of the plasma membrane.
Signal Reception - Process by which cells detect environmental changes.
Membrane Composition - Varies between plasma and internal membranes.
Transport Vesicle - Membrane-bound structure for transporting materials.
Nucleus - Cell organelle containing genetic material.
Benzene - Solvent used to extract lipids from cells.
Lipid Monolayer - Single layer of lipids on water surface.
Lipid Bilayer - Two-layer structure of lipids in cell membranes.
Hydrophilic Head - Water-attracting part of lipid molecules.
Hydrophobic Tail - Water-repelling part of lipid molecules.
Phospholipid - Lipid with hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.
Phosphatidylcholine - Common phospholipid in animal and plant membranes.
Amphipathic Molecule - Molecule with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
Cholesterol - Sterol found in animal cell membranes.
Glycolipid - Lipid with sugar in its hydrophilic head.
Hydrocarbon Chain - Long chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Fatty Acid - Hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group.
Glycerol - Molecule linking hydrophilic head to tails.
Double Bond - Chemical bond between two carbon atoms.
Surface Area Measurement - Determining area occupied by lipid monolayer.
Cell Membrane - Barrier surrounding cells, composed of lipids.
Hydrophobic Effect - Tendency of hydrophobic tails to avoid water.
Membrane Properties - Characteristics derived from lipid bilayer structure.
, Phosphate Group - Part of phospholipid's hydrophilic head.
Hydrophilic Interaction - Attraction between water and hydrophilic molecules.
Hydrophobic Interaction - Repulsion between water and hydrophobic molecules.
Cell Membrane Function - Regulates entry and exit of substances.
Lipid Packing - Arrangement of lipids in a bilayer formation.
Hydrophilic Head - Part of a molecule that attracts water.
Phosphatidylserine - A phospholipid with serine phosphate head.
Cholesterol - A sterol with an -OH group.
Galactocerebroside - A glycolipid with galactose and -OH.
Hydrogen Bonds - Attractive forces between polar molecules.
Electrostatic Attraction - Force between charged or polar groups.
Hydrophobic Molecules - Insoluble in water, nonpolar and uncharged.
Cagelike Structure - Ordered arrangement of water around hydrophobics.
Free Energy Cost - Energy required to maintain cagelike structures.
Lipid Bilayer - Double layer of amphipathic molecules in membranes.
Amphipathic Molecules - Molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
Self-Sealing Bilayer - Bilayer spontaneously repairs tears to minimize edges.
Hydrophobic Tails - Nonpolar parts of lipids that avoid water.
Membrane Lipids - Lipids that form cellular membranes.
Triacylglycerol - A fat molecule with three fatty acids.
Glycerol - A backbone for triglycerides and phospholipids.
Polar Molecules - Molecules with uneven distribution of charges.
Nonpolar Groups - Molecules lacking charged regions.
Water Molecules - Polar molecules that form hydrogen bonds.
FINAL EXAM GUIDE 2025
|MOST COMMON QUESTIONS WITH CORRECTLY
VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY A+
GRADED|GUARANTEED PASS
Plasma Membrane - Cell membrane involved in communication and transport.
Receptor Proteins - Proteins that receive environmental signals.
Channels and Transporters - Proteins that facilitate molecule import/export.
Cell Growth - Membrane expands without losing continuity.
Self-Healing Membrane - Membrane quickly reseals after being pierced.
Lipid Bilayer - Two sheets of lipids forming a barrier.
Permeability Barrier - Prevents water-soluble molecules from passing.
Eukaryotic Cells - Cells with internal membranes and organelles.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
Golgi Apparatus - Organelle for modifying and packaging proteins.
Endosomes - Membrane-bound compartments for sorting materials.
Mitochondria - Energy-producing organelles with double membranes.
Intracellular Compartments - Organelles enclosed by internal membranes.
Lipid Molecules - Hydrophobic molecules forming the membrane structure.
Protein Molecules - Embedded in membranes, performing various functions.
Aqueous Environment - Water-based surroundings affecting lipid behavior.
Organic Solvents - Solvents like benzene that dissolve lipids.
,Cell Motility - Ability of cells to move and change shape.
Mechanical Properties - Flexibility and resilience of the plasma membrane.
Signal Reception - Process by which cells detect environmental changes.
Membrane Composition - Varies between plasma and internal membranes.
Transport Vesicle - Membrane-bound structure for transporting materials.
Nucleus - Cell organelle containing genetic material.
Benzene - Solvent used to extract lipids from cells.
Lipid Monolayer - Single layer of lipids on water surface.
Lipid Bilayer - Two-layer structure of lipids in cell membranes.
Hydrophilic Head - Water-attracting part of lipid molecules.
Hydrophobic Tail - Water-repelling part of lipid molecules.
Phospholipid - Lipid with hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails.
Phosphatidylcholine - Common phospholipid in animal and plant membranes.
Amphipathic Molecule - Molecule with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
Cholesterol - Sterol found in animal cell membranes.
Glycolipid - Lipid with sugar in its hydrophilic head.
Hydrocarbon Chain - Long chain of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Fatty Acid - Hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group.
Glycerol - Molecule linking hydrophilic head to tails.
Double Bond - Chemical bond between two carbon atoms.
Surface Area Measurement - Determining area occupied by lipid monolayer.
Cell Membrane - Barrier surrounding cells, composed of lipids.
Hydrophobic Effect - Tendency of hydrophobic tails to avoid water.
Membrane Properties - Characteristics derived from lipid bilayer structure.
, Phosphate Group - Part of phospholipid's hydrophilic head.
Hydrophilic Interaction - Attraction between water and hydrophilic molecules.
Hydrophobic Interaction - Repulsion between water and hydrophobic molecules.
Cell Membrane Function - Regulates entry and exit of substances.
Lipid Packing - Arrangement of lipids in a bilayer formation.
Hydrophilic Head - Part of a molecule that attracts water.
Phosphatidylserine - A phospholipid with serine phosphate head.
Cholesterol - A sterol with an -OH group.
Galactocerebroside - A glycolipid with galactose and -OH.
Hydrogen Bonds - Attractive forces between polar molecules.
Electrostatic Attraction - Force between charged or polar groups.
Hydrophobic Molecules - Insoluble in water, nonpolar and uncharged.
Cagelike Structure - Ordered arrangement of water around hydrophobics.
Free Energy Cost - Energy required to maintain cagelike structures.
Lipid Bilayer - Double layer of amphipathic molecules in membranes.
Amphipathic Molecules - Molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
Self-Sealing Bilayer - Bilayer spontaneously repairs tears to minimize edges.
Hydrophobic Tails - Nonpolar parts of lipids that avoid water.
Membrane Lipids - Lipids that form cellular membranes.
Triacylglycerol - A fat molecule with three fatty acids.
Glycerol - A backbone for triglycerides and phospholipids.
Polar Molecules - Molecules with uneven distribution of charges.
Nonpolar Groups - Molecules lacking charged regions.
Water Molecules - Polar molecules that form hydrogen bonds.
