PLTW MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Melanoma - ✔✔A tumor of high malignancy that starts in melanocytes of normal skin
or moles and metastasizes rapidly and widely
✔✔Model System - ✔✔An organism chosen to study broad biological principles
✔✔Screening - ✔✔To test or examine for the presence of something
✔✔Sporadic Cancer - ✔✔Cancer occurring occasionally, singly, or in scattered
instances
✔✔Virologist - ✔✔A specialist in virology, the branch of science that deals with viruses
✔✔Biofeedback - ✔✔The technique of making unconscious or involuntary bodily
processes perceptible to the senses in order to manipulate them by conscious mental
control
✔✔Chemotherapy - ✔✔The use of chemical agents in the treatment or control of
disease or mental disorder
✔✔Metastasis - ✔✔The spread of disease producing agency from the initial or primary
site of disease to another part of the body
✔✔Myoelectric - ✔✔Utilizing electricity generated by muscle
✔✔Occupational Therapy - ✔✔Therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities
of daily life (as self-care skills, education, work, or social interaction) especially to
enable or encourage participation in such activities despite impairments or limitations in
physical or mental functioning
✔✔Physical Therapy - ✔✔The treatment of disease by physical and mechanical means
(as massage, regulated exercise, water, light, heat, and electricity)
✔✔Prosthesis - ✔✔An artificial device to replace or augment a missing or impaired part
of the body
✔✔Radiation Therapy - ✔✔The treatment of disease by means of radiation
✔✔Clinical Trial - ✔✔A scientifically controlled study of the safety and effectiveness of a
therapeutic agent (as a drug or vaccine) using consenting human subjects
, ✔✔Controlled Study - ✔✔Clinical trial in which the subjects are distributed into groups
which are either subjected to the experimental procedure or which serve as controls
✔✔Double Blind Study - ✔✔An experimental procedure in which neither the subjects
nor the experimenters know which subjects are in the test and control groups during the
actual course of experiments
✔✔Nanomedicine - ✔✔Area of biomedical research that seeks to use tools from the
field of nanotechnology to improve health
✔✔Open Study - ✔✔Clinical trial in which both the researchers and the patients know
who receives the drug and who receives the placebo
✔✔Pharmacogenetics - ✔✔The study of the interrelation of hereditary constitution and
response to drugs
✔✔Placebo - ✔✔An inert or innocuous substance used especially in controlled
experiments testing the efficacy of another substance
✔✔Single Blind Study - ✔✔An experimental procedure in which the experimenters but
not the subjects know the makeup of the test and control groups during the experiments
✔✔SNP - ✔✔Variant DNA sequence in which the purine or pyrimidine base of a single
nucleotide has been replaced by another such base
✔✔Amino Acid - ✔✔The subunit of a protein
✔✔Ampicillin - ✔✔A penicillin that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive
bacteria
✔✔Chromatography - ✔✔A process in which a chemical mixture charriedby a liquid or
gas is separated into components as a result of differential distribution of the solutes as
they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase
✔✔Column chromatography - ✔✔Chromatography in which the substances to be
separated are introduced onto the top of a column packed with an adsorbent (as silica
gel or alumina), pass through the column at different rates that depend on the affinity of
each substance for the absorbent and for the solvent and are usually collected in
solution as they pass from the column at different times
✔✔Gel electrophoresis - ✔✔The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of
their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electric
field in a gel
2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Melanoma - ✔✔A tumor of high malignancy that starts in melanocytes of normal skin
or moles and metastasizes rapidly and widely
✔✔Model System - ✔✔An organism chosen to study broad biological principles
✔✔Screening - ✔✔To test or examine for the presence of something
✔✔Sporadic Cancer - ✔✔Cancer occurring occasionally, singly, or in scattered
instances
✔✔Virologist - ✔✔A specialist in virology, the branch of science that deals with viruses
✔✔Biofeedback - ✔✔The technique of making unconscious or involuntary bodily
processes perceptible to the senses in order to manipulate them by conscious mental
control
✔✔Chemotherapy - ✔✔The use of chemical agents in the treatment or control of
disease or mental disorder
✔✔Metastasis - ✔✔The spread of disease producing agency from the initial or primary
site of disease to another part of the body
✔✔Myoelectric - ✔✔Utilizing electricity generated by muscle
✔✔Occupational Therapy - ✔✔Therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities
of daily life (as self-care skills, education, work, or social interaction) especially to
enable or encourage participation in such activities despite impairments or limitations in
physical or mental functioning
✔✔Physical Therapy - ✔✔The treatment of disease by physical and mechanical means
(as massage, regulated exercise, water, light, heat, and electricity)
✔✔Prosthesis - ✔✔An artificial device to replace or augment a missing or impaired part
of the body
✔✔Radiation Therapy - ✔✔The treatment of disease by means of radiation
✔✔Clinical Trial - ✔✔A scientifically controlled study of the safety and effectiveness of a
therapeutic agent (as a drug or vaccine) using consenting human subjects
, ✔✔Controlled Study - ✔✔Clinical trial in which the subjects are distributed into groups
which are either subjected to the experimental procedure or which serve as controls
✔✔Double Blind Study - ✔✔An experimental procedure in which neither the subjects
nor the experimenters know which subjects are in the test and control groups during the
actual course of experiments
✔✔Nanomedicine - ✔✔Area of biomedical research that seeks to use tools from the
field of nanotechnology to improve health
✔✔Open Study - ✔✔Clinical trial in which both the researchers and the patients know
who receives the drug and who receives the placebo
✔✔Pharmacogenetics - ✔✔The study of the interrelation of hereditary constitution and
response to drugs
✔✔Placebo - ✔✔An inert or innocuous substance used especially in controlled
experiments testing the efficacy of another substance
✔✔Single Blind Study - ✔✔An experimental procedure in which the experimenters but
not the subjects know the makeup of the test and control groups during the experiments
✔✔SNP - ✔✔Variant DNA sequence in which the purine or pyrimidine base of a single
nucleotide has been replaced by another such base
✔✔Amino Acid - ✔✔The subunit of a protein
✔✔Ampicillin - ✔✔A penicillin that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive
bacteria
✔✔Chromatography - ✔✔A process in which a chemical mixture charriedby a liquid or
gas is separated into components as a result of differential distribution of the solutes as
they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase
✔✔Column chromatography - ✔✔Chromatography in which the substances to be
separated are introduced onto the top of a column packed with an adsorbent (as silica
gel or alumina), pass through the column at different rates that depend on the affinity of
each substance for the absorbent and for the solvent and are usually collected in
solution as they pass from the column at different times
✔✔Gel electrophoresis - ✔✔The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of
their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electric
field in a gel
