ANATOMY 260 COMPLETE LATEST
ACTUAL MIDTERM BASED SET WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
the study of how the body functions and mechanisms in the body - correct answer-✅What is
physiology?
the study of structures that cannot be seen without magnification - correct answer-✅What is
microscopic anatomy?
the study of cells - correct answer-✅What is cytology?
the study of tissues - correct answer-✅What is histology?
chemical/molecular, cell tissue, organ, organ system, organism - correct answer-✅What are the levels of
organization? (simple to complex)
standing with feet flat on the floor, arms at side, and palms facing forward - correct answer-✅What is
anatomical position?
lying down, face up - correct answer-✅What is supine position?
lying down, face down - correct answer-✅What is prone position?
Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ) - correct answer-✅What are the 4 abdominopelvic quadrants?
RUQ : gallbladder
LUQ: stomach
RLQ: appendix
LLQ: intestines - correct answer-✅What are the main organs in each of the abdominopelvic quadrants?
superior: closer to head
inferior: closer to feet
anterior: closer to front
posterior: closer to back
medial: closer to middle of the body
lateral: closer to sides of the body
superficial: closer to surface
deep: farther from surface
proximal: near
distal: far - correct answer-✅What are the anatomical directions?
sagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right?
midsagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right equally?
parasagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right unequally?
transverse cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates superior and inferior?
frontal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates anterior and posterior?
oblique cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates tissue at an angle?
the inner portion of the cell - correct answer-✅What is cytoplasm?
the fluid inside the cell - correct answer-✅What is cytosol?
the outer membrane of the cell - correct answer-✅What is the plasmalemma(cell membrane,
phospholipid bilayer)?
nonmembranous and membranous organelles - correct answer-✅What are the two categories of
organelles?
, cytoskeleton, microvilli, cilia, flagella, and ribosomes - correct answer-✅What are the nonmembranous
organelles?
mitochondria, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes - correct
answer-✅What are the membranous organelles?
physical isolation (separating outside and inside of the cell), permeability (regulation of exchange with
the environment), and cell-to-cell communication - correct answer-✅What are the functions of the
plasmalemma?
vesicles bringing solid particles(bacteria, viruses, foreign matter, and cell debris) into the cell - correct
answer-✅What is phagocytosis?
fingerlike projections of the plasmalemma that absorb material from the ECF and increases surface area -
correct answer-✅What are microvilli and their function?
fluid outside the cell - correct answer-✅What is extracellular fluid?
the stomach and small intestines - correct answer-✅What parts of the body are microvilli common in?
the structural support of the cell that gives it its shape - correct answer-✅What is the cytoskeleton and
its function?
producing protein - correct answer-✅What is the function of the ribosomes?
free ribosomes: float in the cytoplasm
fixed ribosomes: attached to the endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer-✅What are the 2 types of
ribosomes and where are they found?
to produce ATP (energy) - correct answer-✅What is the function of mitochondria?
"power plant of the cell"
to contain chromosomes - correct answer-✅What is the function of the nucleus?
"control center of the cell"
a network of hollow tubes that synthesizes proteins and non-proteins - correct answer-✅What are
endoplasmic reticulum and their functions?
to modify, sort, and package proteins - correct answer-✅What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
"packing crew of the cell"
to destroy ingested particles and recycle damaged organelles - correct answer-✅What is the function of
lysosomes?
"wrecking crew of the cell"
rough endoplasmic reticulum: with ribosomes and synthesizes proteins
smooth endoplasmic reticulum: without ribosomes and synthesizes non-proteins: lipids, steroids, and
carbohydrates - correct answer-✅What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and what are their
functions?
to convert hydrogen peroxide to water and oxidants - correct answer-✅What is the function of
peroxisomes?
"hazmat team of the cell"
epithelial: covering
connective: support
muscular: movement
neural: control - correct answer-✅What are the four tissue categories?
cellularity: cells are packed tightly with not intercellular space
polarity: two different sides of the cell will look different
attachment: basal layer is attached to the basal lamina
arranged in sheets: composed of one or more layers of cells
regeneration: cells are continuously replaced via cell
avascularity: does not contain blood vessels - correct answer-✅What are the 6 characteristics of
epithelial tissue?
ACTUAL MIDTERM BASED SET WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
the study of how the body functions and mechanisms in the body - correct answer-✅What is
physiology?
the study of structures that cannot be seen without magnification - correct answer-✅What is
microscopic anatomy?
the study of cells - correct answer-✅What is cytology?
the study of tissues - correct answer-✅What is histology?
chemical/molecular, cell tissue, organ, organ system, organism - correct answer-✅What are the levels of
organization? (simple to complex)
standing with feet flat on the floor, arms at side, and palms facing forward - correct answer-✅What is
anatomical position?
lying down, face up - correct answer-✅What is supine position?
lying down, face down - correct answer-✅What is prone position?
Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ) - correct answer-✅What are the 4 abdominopelvic quadrants?
RUQ : gallbladder
LUQ: stomach
RLQ: appendix
LLQ: intestines - correct answer-✅What are the main organs in each of the abdominopelvic quadrants?
superior: closer to head
inferior: closer to feet
anterior: closer to front
posterior: closer to back
medial: closer to middle of the body
lateral: closer to sides of the body
superficial: closer to surface
deep: farther from surface
proximal: near
distal: far - correct answer-✅What are the anatomical directions?
sagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right?
midsagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right equally?
parasagittal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates left and right unequally?
transverse cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates superior and inferior?
frontal cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates anterior and posterior?
oblique cut - correct answer-✅What cut in sectional anatomy separates tissue at an angle?
the inner portion of the cell - correct answer-✅What is cytoplasm?
the fluid inside the cell - correct answer-✅What is cytosol?
the outer membrane of the cell - correct answer-✅What is the plasmalemma(cell membrane,
phospholipid bilayer)?
nonmembranous and membranous organelles - correct answer-✅What are the two categories of
organelles?
, cytoskeleton, microvilli, cilia, flagella, and ribosomes - correct answer-✅What are the nonmembranous
organelles?
mitochondria, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes - correct
answer-✅What are the membranous organelles?
physical isolation (separating outside and inside of the cell), permeability (regulation of exchange with
the environment), and cell-to-cell communication - correct answer-✅What are the functions of the
plasmalemma?
vesicles bringing solid particles(bacteria, viruses, foreign matter, and cell debris) into the cell - correct
answer-✅What is phagocytosis?
fingerlike projections of the plasmalemma that absorb material from the ECF and increases surface area -
correct answer-✅What are microvilli and their function?
fluid outside the cell - correct answer-✅What is extracellular fluid?
the stomach and small intestines - correct answer-✅What parts of the body are microvilli common in?
the structural support of the cell that gives it its shape - correct answer-✅What is the cytoskeleton and
its function?
producing protein - correct answer-✅What is the function of the ribosomes?
free ribosomes: float in the cytoplasm
fixed ribosomes: attached to the endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer-✅What are the 2 types of
ribosomes and where are they found?
to produce ATP (energy) - correct answer-✅What is the function of mitochondria?
"power plant of the cell"
to contain chromosomes - correct answer-✅What is the function of the nucleus?
"control center of the cell"
a network of hollow tubes that synthesizes proteins and non-proteins - correct answer-✅What are
endoplasmic reticulum and their functions?
to modify, sort, and package proteins - correct answer-✅What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
"packing crew of the cell"
to destroy ingested particles and recycle damaged organelles - correct answer-✅What is the function of
lysosomes?
"wrecking crew of the cell"
rough endoplasmic reticulum: with ribosomes and synthesizes proteins
smooth endoplasmic reticulum: without ribosomes and synthesizes non-proteins: lipids, steroids, and
carbohydrates - correct answer-✅What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and what are their
functions?
to convert hydrogen peroxide to water and oxidants - correct answer-✅What is the function of
peroxisomes?
"hazmat team of the cell"
epithelial: covering
connective: support
muscular: movement
neural: control - correct answer-✅What are the four tissue categories?
cellularity: cells are packed tightly with not intercellular space
polarity: two different sides of the cell will look different
attachment: basal layer is attached to the basal lamina
arranged in sheets: composed of one or more layers of cells
regeneration: cells are continuously replaced via cell
avascularity: does not contain blood vessels - correct answer-✅What are the 6 characteristics of
epithelial tissue?
