COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE THE BIOLOGY OF THE MIND FIFTH EDITION BY MICHAEL GAZZANIGA,
RICHARD B IVRY, GEORGE R MANGUN
,Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: A BRIEF HISTORY OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE ................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 2: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.................................................... 23
CHAPTER 3: METHODS OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE ......................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 4: HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION ........................................................................................... 69
CHAPTER 5: SENSATION AND PERCEPTION ............................................................................................ 89
CHAPTER 6: OBJECT RECOGNITION ...................................................................................................... 109
CHAPTER 7: ATTENTION........................................................................................................................ 130
CHAPTER 8: ACTION .............................................................................................................................. 149
CHAPTER 9: MEMORY ........................................................................................................................... 168
CHAPTER 10: EMOTION ........................................................................................................................ 188
CHAPTER 11: LANGUAGE ...................................................................................................................... 206
CHAPTER 12: COGNITIVE CONTROL ...................................................................................................... 225
CHAPTER 13: SOCIAL COGNITION ......................................................................................................... 245
CHAPTER 14: THE CONSCIOUSNESS PROBLEM ..................................................................................... 263
,CHAPTER 1: A BRIEF HISTORY OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1.1 EXPLAIN THE ORIGINS OF THE FIELD OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE.
1.2 DESCRIBE THE ROOTS OF THE DEBATE OVER LOCALIZATION OF FUNCTION.
1.3 EXPLAIN THE WAYS IN WHICH BRAIN STRUCTURE WAS STUDIED.
1.4 UNDERSTAND THE PHILOSOPHICAL ORIGINS OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY.
1.5 DISCUSS BEHAVIORISM AND ITS PRINCIPAL TENETS.
1.6 EXPLAIN HOW AND WHY COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY CAME TO THE FOREFRONT OF THE
PSYCHOLOGICAL FIELDS.
1.7 IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT METHODS THAT ARE USED TO MEASURE BRAIN FUNCTION AND
STRUCTURE.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. WHAT TERM WAS COINED BY THOMAS WILLIS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE CASE OF ANNE
GREEN?
A. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
B. COGNITION
C. NEUROLOGY
D. PSYCHOSIS
ANSWER: C
DIF: EASY REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC: REMEMBERING
2. ASIDE FROM SAVING ANNE GREEN’S LIFE, THOMAS WILLIS AND CHRISTOPHER WREN ALSO
A. CREATED VERY ACCURATE DRAWINGS OF THE BRAIN.
B. CAME UP WITH THE NAMES OF A NUMBER OF BRAIN STRUCTURES.
C. TOOK THE FIRST STEPS THAT LED TO COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE.
D. ALL OF THE ANSWER OPTIONS ARE CORRECT.
ANSWER: D
,DIF: MEDIUM REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC: UNDERSTANDING
3. EACH OF THE FOLLOWING ARE REASONS WHY WILLIS IS CONSIDERED ONE OF THE EARLY
FIGURES IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE EXCEPT:
A. HE NAMED MANY BRAIN PARTS.
B. HE GAVE FREQUENT LECTURES ON SPECIFIC BRAIN REGIONS.
C. HE WAS AMONG THE FIRST TO LINK BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS TO BRAIN DAMAGE.
D. HE CREATED VERY ACCURATE BRAIN IMAGES.
ANSWER: B
DIF: MEDIUM REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC: REMEMBERING
4. WHILE STUDYING BRAIN FUNCTION, IT IS OFTEN USEFUL TO THINK OF DEVELOPMENT IN TERMS
OF , WHICH IS THE PERSPECTIVE OF.
A. COGNITION; COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE C. BLOOD FLOW; MAGNETIC RESONANCE
IMAGING
B. SURVIVAL; EVOLUTION D. DYSFUNCTION; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
ANSWER: B DIF: DIFFICULT REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC:
ANALYZING
5. WHICH STANCE WOULD MOST LIKELY HOLD AN ASSUMPTION THAT PHYSICAL ELEMENTS OF
THE BRAIN ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONSCIOUS MIND?
A. MONISM C. DUALISM
B. BEHAVIORISM D. RELATIVISM
ANSWER: A
OBJ: 1.1 DIF: MEDIUM MSC: ANALYZING REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
6. RENÉ DESCARTES POSITED THAT THE MIND WAS SEPARATE FROM THE BODY. HOWEVER, HE
IMPLICATED A SINGLE BRAIN STRUCTURE, THE PINEAL GLAND, AS HAVING WHAT FUNCTION?
A. REGULATING FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS C. MODERATING COGNITIVE PROCESSES
B. CONNECTING THE MIND AND THE BODY D. ADJUSTING BEHAVIOR
ANSWER: B
, DIF: EASY REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC: REMEMBERING
7. CONSIDERING THE PERSPECTIVE RECOMMENDED FOR APPROACHING COGNITIVE
NEUROSCIENCE, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BEST EXPLAIN HOW A COGNITIVE FUNCTION MAY
HAVE DEVELOPED?
A. LEARNING AND REWARD C. NEUROLOGICAL DYSFUNCTION
B. INTEGRATION WITH TECHNOLOGY D. HUNTING AND GATHERING
ANSWER: D
DIF: DIFFICULT REF: 1.1 A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OBJ: 1.1 MSC: ANALYZING
8. A CENTRAL ISSUE OF MODERN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE IS WHETHER SPECIFIC HUMAN
COGNITIVE ABILITIES
A. ARISE FROM NETWORKS OF BRAIN AREAS WORKING TOGETHER.
B. ARE DETERMINED BY THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF THE HUMAN SKULL OR THE BRAIN BENEATH.
C. ARE BEST STUDIED USING THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.
D. CAN BE BEST IDENTIFIED USING THE GOLGI SILVER METHOD OF STAINING OR FMRI.
ANSWER: A
DIF: MEDIUM REF: 1.2 THE BRAIN STORY OBJ: 1.2 MSC: UNDERSTANDING
9. THE DISCIPLINE OF PHRENOLOGY WAS FOUNDED BY
A. BROCA AND WERNICKE. C. RAMÓN Y CAJAL AND SHERRINGTON.
B. FRITSCH AND HITZIG. D. GALL AND SPURZHEIM.
ANSWER: D
DIF: EASY REF: 1.2 THE BRAIN STORY OBJ: 1.2 MSC: REMEMBERING
10. PHRENOLOGISTS BELIEVED THAT THE CONTOUR OF THE SKULL COULD PROVIDE VALUABLE
INFORMATION ABOUT AN
INDIVIDUAL’S COGNITIVE CAPACITIES AND PERSONALITY TRAITS. THIS APPROACH WAS BASED ON THE
ASSUMPTION THAT
A. SKULL PROTRUSIONS ARE CAUSED BY DISPROPORTIONATE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN AREAS
BENEATH THEM, WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS.
B. CERTAIN TRAITS SUCH AS AGGRESSIVENESS LEAD TO LIFE EXPERIENCES AND INJURIES THAT
ALTER THE SHAPE OF THE SKULL IN SPECIFIC WAYS.