Philosophy 101 Final Exam Study Guide: Questions &
Answers(Straighterline): Updated APlus Guide
Solution
/. The love of wisdom - Answer-What is philosophy?
/.A claim backed by reasons - Answer-What are the basic components of an argument?
/.corrupting the youth and not believing in the Gods of the city but in new, spiritual
matters - impiety - Answer-What are the official charges against Socrates?
/.studying things above the sky and below the Earth & making the weaker argument the
stronger - Answer-What are the original/old charges against Socrates?
/.Socrates is the wisest of all men - Answer-What did Oracle tell Socrates' friend
Chaerephon?
/.Socrates is similar to a gadfly whose intent is to anger and annoy others, just as the
people of Athens believe of Socrates constant questioning - Answer-Explain the gadfly
simile
/.If you know what you are looking for, you don't need to look for it ; if you don't know
what you are looking for, you can't look for it ; therefore inquiry is either unnecessary or
impossible - Answer-What is Meno's Paradox?
/.No, it is given by the gods - Answer-Can virtue be taught?
/.The theory of recollection, what appears to be learning something new is really just
recollecting something already known. We already have the knowledge within our souls.
- Answer-Explain Plato's answer to Meno's Paradox.
/.Laelius doesn't know what the afterlife consists of - if it is heaven then Scipio will be
there, he also believes Scipio already lived his best life. - Answer-What is Laelius'
remedy for his grief of Scipio's death? Why isn't he overcome with emotion at the loss of
his dear friend?
/.In order to be a good person, you must be a good friend which means being
trustworthy. "good" according to Laelius means ethical/virtuous - Answer-Why is
friendship "only possible between good men"? And what does Laelius mean by "good"?
, /.It's the number one rule of friendship which means to never ask a wrongful thing of a
friend and only as friends to do what is honorable. - Answer-"Never ask your friends for
anything that is not right, and never do anything for them yourself unless it is right" What
does this mean and why does Cicero keep brining it up?
/.We assume it is because he was being racist and insulted him - Answer-Why does the
narrator in Ellison's Invisible Man nearly kill the blond man?
/.The narrator believes that the blond man doesn't see him for who he really is - he only
sees a black man - Answer-Why does the narrator in Ellison's invisible man not kill the
blond man?
/.The problem with sleep is when we are dreaming we don't realize we are actually
asleep, so we don't actually know when we are sleeping - Answer-According to
Descartes, what is the problem of sleep? Why does he say "As I think about this more
carefully, I realize that there is never any reliable way of distinguishing being awake
from being asleep."
/.They cannot be doubted - they are unable to disprove because 2 + 2 will always be 4
and a triangle will always have 3 sides - Answer-What does Descartes conclude about
the "realness" of material studies?
/.They are able to be doubted and disproven - Answer-What does Descartes conclude
about the :realness" of immaterial studies?
/.If God is so good, why would he create things that are unexplainable or hard to believe
- Answer-Explain: "But, I reply, if God's goodness would stop him from letting me be
deceived all the time, you would expect it to stop him from allowing me to be deceived
even occasionally, yet clearly I sometimes AM deceived"
/.Descartes believes that he needs to pretend his old opinions and beliefs are false and
imaginary in order to let them go, to start fresh - Answer-Explain: "To conquer that habit,
therefore, I had better switch right around and pretend (for a while) that these former
opinions of mine are utterly false and imaginary. I shall do this until I have something to
counter-balance the weight of old opinion, and the distorting influence of habit no longer
prevents me from judging correctly."
/.Because our senses are not always reliable and our senses are what we use to
imagine our bodies - Answer-Why does Descartes decide to distrust in everything, even
that he has a body?
/.Because God is good and the source of the truth, the "evil genius" is able to make you
question and doubt everything, he is good at deceiving people. - Answer-Why does
Descartes suppose an "evil genius" rather than God? What are the qualities of this
"malicious, powerful, cunning demon"?
Answers(Straighterline): Updated APlus Guide
Solution
/. The love of wisdom - Answer-What is philosophy?
/.A claim backed by reasons - Answer-What are the basic components of an argument?
/.corrupting the youth and not believing in the Gods of the city but in new, spiritual
matters - impiety - Answer-What are the official charges against Socrates?
/.studying things above the sky and below the Earth & making the weaker argument the
stronger - Answer-What are the original/old charges against Socrates?
/.Socrates is the wisest of all men - Answer-What did Oracle tell Socrates' friend
Chaerephon?
/.Socrates is similar to a gadfly whose intent is to anger and annoy others, just as the
people of Athens believe of Socrates constant questioning - Answer-Explain the gadfly
simile
/.If you know what you are looking for, you don't need to look for it ; if you don't know
what you are looking for, you can't look for it ; therefore inquiry is either unnecessary or
impossible - Answer-What is Meno's Paradox?
/.No, it is given by the gods - Answer-Can virtue be taught?
/.The theory of recollection, what appears to be learning something new is really just
recollecting something already known. We already have the knowledge within our souls.
- Answer-Explain Plato's answer to Meno's Paradox.
/.Laelius doesn't know what the afterlife consists of - if it is heaven then Scipio will be
there, he also believes Scipio already lived his best life. - Answer-What is Laelius'
remedy for his grief of Scipio's death? Why isn't he overcome with emotion at the loss of
his dear friend?
/.In order to be a good person, you must be a good friend which means being
trustworthy. "good" according to Laelius means ethical/virtuous - Answer-Why is
friendship "only possible between good men"? And what does Laelius mean by "good"?
, /.It's the number one rule of friendship which means to never ask a wrongful thing of a
friend and only as friends to do what is honorable. - Answer-"Never ask your friends for
anything that is not right, and never do anything for them yourself unless it is right" What
does this mean and why does Cicero keep brining it up?
/.We assume it is because he was being racist and insulted him - Answer-Why does the
narrator in Ellison's Invisible Man nearly kill the blond man?
/.The narrator believes that the blond man doesn't see him for who he really is - he only
sees a black man - Answer-Why does the narrator in Ellison's invisible man not kill the
blond man?
/.The problem with sleep is when we are dreaming we don't realize we are actually
asleep, so we don't actually know when we are sleeping - Answer-According to
Descartes, what is the problem of sleep? Why does he say "As I think about this more
carefully, I realize that there is never any reliable way of distinguishing being awake
from being asleep."
/.They cannot be doubted - they are unable to disprove because 2 + 2 will always be 4
and a triangle will always have 3 sides - Answer-What does Descartes conclude about
the "realness" of material studies?
/.They are able to be doubted and disproven - Answer-What does Descartes conclude
about the :realness" of immaterial studies?
/.If God is so good, why would he create things that are unexplainable or hard to believe
- Answer-Explain: "But, I reply, if God's goodness would stop him from letting me be
deceived all the time, you would expect it to stop him from allowing me to be deceived
even occasionally, yet clearly I sometimes AM deceived"
/.Descartes believes that he needs to pretend his old opinions and beliefs are false and
imaginary in order to let them go, to start fresh - Answer-Explain: "To conquer that habit,
therefore, I had better switch right around and pretend (for a while) that these former
opinions of mine are utterly false and imaginary. I shall do this until I have something to
counter-balance the weight of old opinion, and the distorting influence of habit no longer
prevents me from judging correctly."
/.Because our senses are not always reliable and our senses are what we use to
imagine our bodies - Answer-Why does Descartes decide to distrust in everything, even
that he has a body?
/.Because God is good and the source of the truth, the "evil genius" is able to make you
question and doubt everything, he is good at deceiving people. - Answer-Why does
Descartes suppose an "evil genius" rather than God? What are the qualities of this
"malicious, powerful, cunning demon"?
