APEA Pearls 2025 FNP Boards Title
Exam | Complete Questions & Answers
(100% Verified)
4 indications for cxr with acute cough - ANSWER - abnormal VS
rales, consolidation
>75 years old
fever
Who gets PPSV23 vaccine?? - ANSWER - -single dose 65 or older
-single dose 19-64 if chronic illness, smoker, group home
-Immunocompromised receive another dose at 5 YEAR interval
-ALWAYS get dose at 65 even if received earlier doses as long as 5 Years has passed!!
Bacteria responsible for most pneumonia deaths - ANSWER - Strep pneumonae (Gram
-)
Three most common bacteria - CAP - ANSWER - S. Pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (walking pneumonia)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Best initial antibiotics for pneumonia if no antibiotic exposure in last 3 months -
ANSWER - Doxycycine or Macrolide (Azithromycin or Clarithromycin) ----because they
cover for atypicals
Best initial antibiotics for pneumonia if comorbidities or antibiotics in 90 days - ANSWER
- -Resp quinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin) or IF ALLERGY
-Beta-lactam (PCN or cephalosporin) PLUS macrolide
How long course of antibiotics for pneumonia - ANSWER - 3 days longer than s/s of
infection.
Pneumonia severity index??? - ANSWER - CRB-65
-Confusion
-RR >30
-BP low
-Age >65
What confirms COPD on PFTs??? - ANSWER - FEV1/FVC <70%
oxacin - ANSWER - fluoroquinolones
,terol - ANSWER - beta agonist
tropium - ANSWER - inhaled anticholinergic "prevents bronchospasm" ipratropium
(atrovent)
one or ide - ANSWER - inhaled steriods
-lol - ANSWER - beta blocker
triptan - ANSWER - migraine (constricts cerebral arteries--to not overuse)
mycin - ANSWER - macrolide
-pam - ANSWER - benzo
-dine - ANSWER - h2 blockers (famotidine)
prazole - ANSWER - proton pump inhibitor
-ide - ANSWER - thiazide diuretic
-pril - ANSWER - ace inhibitor
-sartan - ANSWER - ARB
-lol - ANSWER - Beta Blocker
-pine - ANSWER - calcium channel blocker---first line for ISH
-gliptan - ANSWER - diabetic med--no hypoglycemia
-sin - ANSWER - alpha adrenergic blockers (tx BPH)
COPD staging - ANSWER - Bigger number more severe
What med is crucial for COPD patient - ANSWER - SABA!!
Where are beta1 receptors - ANSWER - Heart
Where are beta2 receptors - ANSWER - Lungs
What is the maintenance drug of choice for all levels of asthma? - ANSWER - Inhaled
corticosteroid.
What classifies persistent asthma ? - ANSWER - >2 days /wk symptoms; nighttime sx
>3 x month
, How do postitive PPD readings differ for immunocompromixed patients? - ANSWER -
smaller size of induration positive if immunocompromized (>15 mm if healthy, >5mm if
HIV)
What does Baciille Calmette Guerin vaccine protect against? - ANSWER - BCG vaccine
for TB. Given in other countries.
At what age should you do a f/u CXR after treatment for pneumonia - ANSWER -
Anyone over 40
Possible sequelae of long term inhaled steroid use - ANSWER - cataract formation
osteoporosis
rising A1C
What cardiac class is bad for COPD /Asthma - ANSWER - -lol; Beta Blockers...opposite
affect of SABA and LABAs
Which patients typically should have higher h&h??? - ANSWER - Hgh altitudes,
smokers, COPDers
What population "generally" has lower h&h? - ANSWER - >65
Range of "normocytic" MCV rbc - ANSWER - 80-90fl
<80 microcytic
>96 Macrocytic
on a cbc, the size of rbc is described by the - ANSWER - MCV
On a cbc, the hemoglobin content of RBCs is decribed by the - ANSWER - MCH (mean
corpucular hgb) hypo/hyperchromic??
Normal Hgb - ANSWER - 11-15g/dl
normal Hct - ANSWER - 33-45%
RDW - what is it ? What is normal? - ANSWER - indicates degree of variation in RBC
size (<15 is normal) ...do not want large variation in rbc sizes!
serum iron measures? - ANSWER - measure of iron in circulation (reciprocal with TIBC)
egg carton
serum ferritin measures? - ANSWER - iron in storage
TIBC (transferrin) - ANSWER - total Iron binding capacity-reciprocal with iron level
Exam | Complete Questions & Answers
(100% Verified)
4 indications for cxr with acute cough - ANSWER - abnormal VS
rales, consolidation
>75 years old
fever
Who gets PPSV23 vaccine?? - ANSWER - -single dose 65 or older
-single dose 19-64 if chronic illness, smoker, group home
-Immunocompromised receive another dose at 5 YEAR interval
-ALWAYS get dose at 65 even if received earlier doses as long as 5 Years has passed!!
Bacteria responsible for most pneumonia deaths - ANSWER - Strep pneumonae (Gram
-)
Three most common bacteria - CAP - ANSWER - S. Pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (walking pneumonia)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Best initial antibiotics for pneumonia if no antibiotic exposure in last 3 months -
ANSWER - Doxycycine or Macrolide (Azithromycin or Clarithromycin) ----because they
cover for atypicals
Best initial antibiotics for pneumonia if comorbidities or antibiotics in 90 days - ANSWER
- -Resp quinolone (levofloxacin, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin) or IF ALLERGY
-Beta-lactam (PCN or cephalosporin) PLUS macrolide
How long course of antibiotics for pneumonia - ANSWER - 3 days longer than s/s of
infection.
Pneumonia severity index??? - ANSWER - CRB-65
-Confusion
-RR >30
-BP low
-Age >65
What confirms COPD on PFTs??? - ANSWER - FEV1/FVC <70%
oxacin - ANSWER - fluoroquinolones
,terol - ANSWER - beta agonist
tropium - ANSWER - inhaled anticholinergic "prevents bronchospasm" ipratropium
(atrovent)
one or ide - ANSWER - inhaled steriods
-lol - ANSWER - beta blocker
triptan - ANSWER - migraine (constricts cerebral arteries--to not overuse)
mycin - ANSWER - macrolide
-pam - ANSWER - benzo
-dine - ANSWER - h2 blockers (famotidine)
prazole - ANSWER - proton pump inhibitor
-ide - ANSWER - thiazide diuretic
-pril - ANSWER - ace inhibitor
-sartan - ANSWER - ARB
-lol - ANSWER - Beta Blocker
-pine - ANSWER - calcium channel blocker---first line for ISH
-gliptan - ANSWER - diabetic med--no hypoglycemia
-sin - ANSWER - alpha adrenergic blockers (tx BPH)
COPD staging - ANSWER - Bigger number more severe
What med is crucial for COPD patient - ANSWER - SABA!!
Where are beta1 receptors - ANSWER - Heart
Where are beta2 receptors - ANSWER - Lungs
What is the maintenance drug of choice for all levels of asthma? - ANSWER - Inhaled
corticosteroid.
What classifies persistent asthma ? - ANSWER - >2 days /wk symptoms; nighttime sx
>3 x month
, How do postitive PPD readings differ for immunocompromixed patients? - ANSWER -
smaller size of induration positive if immunocompromized (>15 mm if healthy, >5mm if
HIV)
What does Baciille Calmette Guerin vaccine protect against? - ANSWER - BCG vaccine
for TB. Given in other countries.
At what age should you do a f/u CXR after treatment for pneumonia - ANSWER -
Anyone over 40
Possible sequelae of long term inhaled steroid use - ANSWER - cataract formation
osteoporosis
rising A1C
What cardiac class is bad for COPD /Asthma - ANSWER - -lol; Beta Blockers...opposite
affect of SABA and LABAs
Which patients typically should have higher h&h??? - ANSWER - Hgh altitudes,
smokers, COPDers
What population "generally" has lower h&h? - ANSWER - >65
Range of "normocytic" MCV rbc - ANSWER - 80-90fl
<80 microcytic
>96 Macrocytic
on a cbc, the size of rbc is described by the - ANSWER - MCV
On a cbc, the hemoglobin content of RBCs is decribed by the - ANSWER - MCH (mean
corpucular hgb) hypo/hyperchromic??
Normal Hgb - ANSWER - 11-15g/dl
normal Hct - ANSWER - 33-45%
RDW - what is it ? What is normal? - ANSWER - indicates degree of variation in RBC
size (<15 is normal) ...do not want large variation in rbc sizes!
serum iron measures? - ANSWER - measure of iron in circulation (reciprocal with TIBC)
egg carton
serum ferritin measures? - ANSWER - iron in storage
TIBC (transferrin) - ANSWER - total Iron binding capacity-reciprocal with iron level
