PSYC 230 Exam 1 - Questions With Clear Solutions
The Senses Correct Answer - Vision, hearing, smell, taste, light touch,
pressure, cold, heat, pain, itch, vestibular, propioception
Vestibular sense Correct Answer - our sense of body movement and
position that enables our sense of balance
- based on inner ears
Propioception Correct Answer - position and balance, based on
contraction of muscles throughout the body, cognitive
Sensation Correct Answer - Registration of stimulus on sensory receptors
1. Registration
2. Transduction
Perception Correct Answer - organizing and interpreting sensory
information
- enables us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Neural transduction Correct Answer - receptors, transduction and neural
response
(Ex: eyes -> optic nerve -> vision)
Phenomenology Correct Answer - Study of individuals' own unique, first-
person, conscious experience
- We all experience sunsets, but do we all enjoy them?
- Differentiates us from plants, who also sense
Aristotle illusion Correct Answer - Perceive two points when stimulating
non adjacent areas on somatosensory cortex
Motion aftereffect Correct Answer - the illusion of motion of a stationary
object that occurs after prolonged exposure to a moving object
Perceptual aftereffects Correct Answer - 1. Neurons busy representing a
stimulus
2. Neurons get tired
,3. Neurons represent the OPPOSITE of what we see due to fatigue
(aftereffects)
Thomas Young Correct Answer - Light is a wave
- Trichromatic theory
Doctrine of specific nerve energies Correct Answer - Stimulation of a
particular sensory nerve provides codes for that sense, no matter how the
stimulation takes place
Constructivist approach Correct Answer - Perceptions constructed from
senses + cognitive processes
- Unconscious inferences happen
Edwald Hering Correct Answer - opponent-process theory
- Didn't agree with constructivism
Weber's Law Correct Answer - the principle that, to be perceived as
different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather
than a constant amount)
Just noticeable difference Correct Answer - the minimal change in a
stimulus that can just barely be detected
Fechner's Law on perceptual intensity Correct Answer - larger and larger
increases in physical energy are required to produce equal increases in
perception
- logarithmic
Gestalt psychology Correct Answer - the whole is greater than the sum of
its parts
1. Law of proximity
2. Law of common fate
3. Law of closure
4. Law of similarity
5. Law of good continuation
Law of common fate Correct Answer -
, Law of good continuation Correct Answer -
Direct Perception (Gibsonian/Ecological View) Correct Answer - a theory
arguing that sensory perception is the direct result of info. from the
surrounding environment; this is contrary to the theory of our inferences and
beliefs affecting sensory experiences
Information Processing Approach Correct Answer - a perspective on
understanding cognition that divides thinking into specific steps and
component processes, much like a computer
- Different steps
(Senses ->perception->storage->memory)
Computational Approach Correct Answer - focuses on how computations
by the nervous system translate raw sensory stimulation into an experience of
reality
- parallel processes
frontal lobe Correct Answer - associated with reasoning, planning, parts of
speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
Senses: taste & smell
Occipital lobe Correct Answer - visual processing
Temporal lobe Correct Answer - hearing, language, memory
Parietal lobe Correct Answer - touch and body position
Visual agnosia Correct Answer - the inability to recognize a visual stimulus
despite the ability to see and describe it
Propagnosia Correct Answer - face blindness
EEG Correct Answer - WHEN
- An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across
the brain's surface measured by electrodes placed on the scalp
fMRI Correct Answer - WHERE:
The Senses Correct Answer - Vision, hearing, smell, taste, light touch,
pressure, cold, heat, pain, itch, vestibular, propioception
Vestibular sense Correct Answer - our sense of body movement and
position that enables our sense of balance
- based on inner ears
Propioception Correct Answer - position and balance, based on
contraction of muscles throughout the body, cognitive
Sensation Correct Answer - Registration of stimulus on sensory receptors
1. Registration
2. Transduction
Perception Correct Answer - organizing and interpreting sensory
information
- enables us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Neural transduction Correct Answer - receptors, transduction and neural
response
(Ex: eyes -> optic nerve -> vision)
Phenomenology Correct Answer - Study of individuals' own unique, first-
person, conscious experience
- We all experience sunsets, but do we all enjoy them?
- Differentiates us from plants, who also sense
Aristotle illusion Correct Answer - Perceive two points when stimulating
non adjacent areas on somatosensory cortex
Motion aftereffect Correct Answer - the illusion of motion of a stationary
object that occurs after prolonged exposure to a moving object
Perceptual aftereffects Correct Answer - 1. Neurons busy representing a
stimulus
2. Neurons get tired
,3. Neurons represent the OPPOSITE of what we see due to fatigue
(aftereffects)
Thomas Young Correct Answer - Light is a wave
- Trichromatic theory
Doctrine of specific nerve energies Correct Answer - Stimulation of a
particular sensory nerve provides codes for that sense, no matter how the
stimulation takes place
Constructivist approach Correct Answer - Perceptions constructed from
senses + cognitive processes
- Unconscious inferences happen
Edwald Hering Correct Answer - opponent-process theory
- Didn't agree with constructivism
Weber's Law Correct Answer - the principle that, to be perceived as
different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather
than a constant amount)
Just noticeable difference Correct Answer - the minimal change in a
stimulus that can just barely be detected
Fechner's Law on perceptual intensity Correct Answer - larger and larger
increases in physical energy are required to produce equal increases in
perception
- logarithmic
Gestalt psychology Correct Answer - the whole is greater than the sum of
its parts
1. Law of proximity
2. Law of common fate
3. Law of closure
4. Law of similarity
5. Law of good continuation
Law of common fate Correct Answer -
, Law of good continuation Correct Answer -
Direct Perception (Gibsonian/Ecological View) Correct Answer - a theory
arguing that sensory perception is the direct result of info. from the
surrounding environment; this is contrary to the theory of our inferences and
beliefs affecting sensory experiences
Information Processing Approach Correct Answer - a perspective on
understanding cognition that divides thinking into specific steps and
component processes, much like a computer
- Different steps
(Senses ->perception->storage->memory)
Computational Approach Correct Answer - focuses on how computations
by the nervous system translate raw sensory stimulation into an experience of
reality
- parallel processes
frontal lobe Correct Answer - associated with reasoning, planning, parts of
speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
Senses: taste & smell
Occipital lobe Correct Answer - visual processing
Temporal lobe Correct Answer - hearing, language, memory
Parietal lobe Correct Answer - touch and body position
Visual agnosia Correct Answer - the inability to recognize a visual stimulus
despite the ability to see and describe it
Propagnosia Correct Answer - face blindness
EEG Correct Answer - WHEN
- An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across
the brain's surface measured by electrodes placed on the scalp
fMRI Correct Answer - WHERE:
