NST 10 Final Exam Review UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Metabolic Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Combination of multiple risk factors for
cardiovascular disease.
Insulin Resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Impaired response to insulin, driving obesity
conditions.
Energy Balance - CORRECT ANSWER - Dynamic relationship between energy intake and
expenditure.
Fitness vs Fatness - CORRECT ANSWER - Debate on health impact of fitness versus body
fat.
Adaptive Energy Expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER - Body's adjustment of energy use
during weight changes.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - CORRECT ANSWER - Calories burned at rest for basic
bodily functions.
Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) - CORRECT ANSWER - Total calories burned in a day,
including activity.
Fasting Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood sugar level after fasting, ≥ 100 mg/dL
indicates risk.
Waist Circumference - CORRECT ANSWER - Measurement indicating abdominal fat, > 102
cm men, > 88 cm women.
,Serum Triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat in blood; risk if ≥ 150 mg/dL.
HDL Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER - Good cholesterol; low levels increase
cardiovascular risk.
Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Pressure in arteries; risk if ≥ 130/85 mmHg.
Visceral Fat - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat stored around organs, more lipolytic than
subcutaneous fat.
Lipoatrophy - CORRECT ANSWER - Absence of subcutaneous fat, complicating fat storage.
Metastatic Fat Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat spilling into non-adipose tissues
causing health issues.
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER - Chronic condition linked to obesity and
insulin resistance.
Dyslipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal lipid levels in blood, associated with
obesity.
Cardiovascular Disease - CORRECT ANSWER - Heart-related conditions exacerbated by
obesity.
Incretin Effect - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased insulin secretion following meal intake.
Cognitive Dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER - Impaired brain function linked to obesity
and metabolic issues.
, Sleep Apnea - CORRECT ANSWER - Breathing disturbances during sleep, common in obese
individuals.
Incretin - CORRECT ANSWER - Hormone stimulating insulin secretion from intestines.
GLP-1 - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone.
Insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - Hormone regulating glucose metabolism in the body.
Secretin - CORRECT ANSWER - First known hormone from the small intestine.
Intestinal secretions - CORRECT ANSWER - Substances injected to lower blood glucose
levels.
Type 2 diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER - Condition where insulin is less effective.
Appetite reduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased desire to eat, mediated by GLP-1.
Alcohol preference - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 reduces preference for alcohol in studies.
Cocaine and nicotine - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 shows similar effects on substance
preferences.
Reward systems - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain systems involved in pleasure and addiction.
Injectable medicines - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 drugs administered via subcutaneous
injections.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Metabolic Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Combination of multiple risk factors for
cardiovascular disease.
Insulin Resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Impaired response to insulin, driving obesity
conditions.
Energy Balance - CORRECT ANSWER - Dynamic relationship between energy intake and
expenditure.
Fitness vs Fatness - CORRECT ANSWER - Debate on health impact of fitness versus body
fat.
Adaptive Energy Expenditure - CORRECT ANSWER - Body's adjustment of energy use
during weight changes.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - CORRECT ANSWER - Calories burned at rest for basic
bodily functions.
Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) - CORRECT ANSWER - Total calories burned in a day,
including activity.
Fasting Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - Blood sugar level after fasting, ≥ 100 mg/dL
indicates risk.
Waist Circumference - CORRECT ANSWER - Measurement indicating abdominal fat, > 102
cm men, > 88 cm women.
,Serum Triglycerides - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat in blood; risk if ≥ 150 mg/dL.
HDL Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER - Good cholesterol; low levels increase
cardiovascular risk.
Blood Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Pressure in arteries; risk if ≥ 130/85 mmHg.
Visceral Fat - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat stored around organs, more lipolytic than
subcutaneous fat.
Lipoatrophy - CORRECT ANSWER - Absence of subcutaneous fat, complicating fat storage.
Metastatic Fat Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER - Fat spilling into non-adipose tissues
causing health issues.
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER - Chronic condition linked to obesity and
insulin resistance.
Dyslipidemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Abnormal lipid levels in blood, associated with
obesity.
Cardiovascular Disease - CORRECT ANSWER - Heart-related conditions exacerbated by
obesity.
Incretin Effect - CORRECT ANSWER - Increased insulin secretion following meal intake.
Cognitive Dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER - Impaired brain function linked to obesity
and metabolic issues.
, Sleep Apnea - CORRECT ANSWER - Breathing disturbances during sleep, common in obese
individuals.
Incretin - CORRECT ANSWER - Hormone stimulating insulin secretion from intestines.
GLP-1 - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone.
Insulin - CORRECT ANSWER - Hormone regulating glucose metabolism in the body.
Secretin - CORRECT ANSWER - First known hormone from the small intestine.
Intestinal secretions - CORRECT ANSWER - Substances injected to lower blood glucose
levels.
Type 2 diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER - Condition where insulin is less effective.
Appetite reduction - CORRECT ANSWER - Decreased desire to eat, mediated by GLP-1.
Alcohol preference - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 reduces preference for alcohol in studies.
Cocaine and nicotine - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 shows similar effects on substance
preferences.
Reward systems - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain systems involved in pleasure and addiction.
Injectable medicines - CORRECT ANSWER - GLP-1 drugs administered via subcutaneous
injections.
