NST 10S Spring 202I Introduction to Human
Nutrition: Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Goal of Nutri Sci: - CORRECT ANSWER - To gain a basic knowledge that will enable you to
make effective choices about your nutritional need
What does the study of human nutrition require: - CORRECT ANSWER - Integration of the
social, biological, and physical sciences--known as nutritional sciences when applied to
understanding the processes of nutrition.
Most of the weight of the body is due to: - CORRECT ANSWER - Water, fat, and protein.
Nutrients help to: - CORRECT ANSWER - form and maintain the shape and structure of the
body
What forms ligaments and tendons that hold bones together and attach muscles to bones? -
CORRECT ANSWER - proteins
What do ligaments do? - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect bone to bone
What do tendons do? - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect muscle to bone
At the cellular level, what makes up the membranes that surround cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER - lipids and proteins
What helps the body stay healthy (what 2 things work together)? - CORRECT ANSWER -
macronutrients and micronutrients
,What do biochemical reactions in the body do? - CORRECT ANSWER - help to release the
energy contained in carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
energy is used to: - CORRECT ANSWER - maintain body functions and fuel physical work
if more energy is consumed than is needed - CORRECT ANSWER - over time body weight
will increase.
Leading causes of death in U.S.: - CORRECT ANSWER - heart disease and cancer
The major health problems in North America are largely caused by: - CORRECT ANSWER -
a poor diet, excessive energy intake, and not enough physical activity.
A healthy diet is: (4 components) - CORRECT ANSWER - - one that provides the right
amount of energy to keep weight in the desirable range
-the proper types and balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
-plenty of water
- sufficient but not excessive amounts of essential vitamins and minerals
Nutrients are assigned to 3 functional categories: What are they? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Those that primarily provide energy (typically expressed in kilocalories [kcal]).
-Those that are important for growth and development (and later maintenance).
-Those that keep body functions running smoothly
*Some overlap exists among these groupings. The energy-yielding nutrients and water make up a
major portion of most foods.
What makes up major portions of most foods? - CORRECT ANSWER - The energy-yielding
nutrients and water make up a major portion of most foods.
, What is an essential nutrient? (What three characteristics must it have) - CORRECT
ANSWER - -It has a specific biological function.
-Removing it from the diet leads to a decline in human biological function, such as the normal
functions of the blood cells or nervous system.
-Returning the omitted substance to the diet before permanent damage occurs restores to normal
those aspects of human biological function impaired by its absence.
What its nutrient density? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nutrient density is a measure of the
nutrient a food provides compared to its energy content
A healthy diet is a ...? - CORRECT ANSWER - nutrient-dense diet
Is broccoli or French fries more nutrient-dense? - CORRECT ANSWER - broccoli
What is metabolism? What does this allow? - CORRECT ANSWER - is the set of life-
sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms.
-These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their
structures, and respond to their environments.
What is anabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Anabolismuses energy to construct components
of cells (build up)
-set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. These reactions require
energy
What is catabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Catabolism breaks down organic matter, for
example to harvest energy (break down)
- the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either
oxidized to release energy, or used in anabolic reactions.
What are the key cellular organelles (diagram in lecture 2)? - CORRECT ANSWER --
lysosome
Nutrition: Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Goal of Nutri Sci: - CORRECT ANSWER - To gain a basic knowledge that will enable you to
make effective choices about your nutritional need
What does the study of human nutrition require: - CORRECT ANSWER - Integration of the
social, biological, and physical sciences--known as nutritional sciences when applied to
understanding the processes of nutrition.
Most of the weight of the body is due to: - CORRECT ANSWER - Water, fat, and protein.
Nutrients help to: - CORRECT ANSWER - form and maintain the shape and structure of the
body
What forms ligaments and tendons that hold bones together and attach muscles to bones? -
CORRECT ANSWER - proteins
What do ligaments do? - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect bone to bone
What do tendons do? - CORRECT ANSWER - Connect muscle to bone
At the cellular level, what makes up the membranes that surround cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER - lipids and proteins
What helps the body stay healthy (what 2 things work together)? - CORRECT ANSWER -
macronutrients and micronutrients
,What do biochemical reactions in the body do? - CORRECT ANSWER - help to release the
energy contained in carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
energy is used to: - CORRECT ANSWER - maintain body functions and fuel physical work
if more energy is consumed than is needed - CORRECT ANSWER - over time body weight
will increase.
Leading causes of death in U.S.: - CORRECT ANSWER - heart disease and cancer
The major health problems in North America are largely caused by: - CORRECT ANSWER -
a poor diet, excessive energy intake, and not enough physical activity.
A healthy diet is: (4 components) - CORRECT ANSWER - - one that provides the right
amount of energy to keep weight in the desirable range
-the proper types and balance of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
-plenty of water
- sufficient but not excessive amounts of essential vitamins and minerals
Nutrients are assigned to 3 functional categories: What are they? - CORRECT ANSWER --
Those that primarily provide energy (typically expressed in kilocalories [kcal]).
-Those that are important for growth and development (and later maintenance).
-Those that keep body functions running smoothly
*Some overlap exists among these groupings. The energy-yielding nutrients and water make up a
major portion of most foods.
What makes up major portions of most foods? - CORRECT ANSWER - The energy-yielding
nutrients and water make up a major portion of most foods.
, What is an essential nutrient? (What three characteristics must it have) - CORRECT
ANSWER - -It has a specific biological function.
-Removing it from the diet leads to a decline in human biological function, such as the normal
functions of the blood cells or nervous system.
-Returning the omitted substance to the diet before permanent damage occurs restores to normal
those aspects of human biological function impaired by its absence.
What its nutrient density? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nutrient density is a measure of the
nutrient a food provides compared to its energy content
A healthy diet is a ...? - CORRECT ANSWER - nutrient-dense diet
Is broccoli or French fries more nutrient-dense? - CORRECT ANSWER - broccoli
What is metabolism? What does this allow? - CORRECT ANSWER - is the set of life-
sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms.
-These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their
structures, and respond to their environments.
What is anabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Anabolismuses energy to construct components
of cells (build up)
-set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. These reactions require
energy
What is catabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER - Catabolism breaks down organic matter, for
example to harvest energy (break down)
- the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either
oxidized to release energy, or used in anabolic reactions.
What are the key cellular organelles (diagram in lecture 2)? - CORRECT ANSWER --
lysosome
