CMAC AMCA Exam 4: Questions With In-Depth
Solutions
Which organization developed the guidelines for universal precautions?
Correct Answer - CDC
According to OSHA, medical personnel must wear PPE (personal protective
equipment) when they have contact with which of the following? Correct
Answer - blood
To detect pregnancy, either urine or blood serum is tested for the presence of
which of the following? Correct Answer - HCG hormone,
(it is human chorionic gonadotropin and a 1st voided morning specimen is
used to collected, the higher concentration of HCG means the patient is
pregnant and a blood test is more sensitive than a urine HCG test so it will
detect pregnancy sooner)
A bacteriological culture needs to be performed on a collected urine specimen.
which of the following instructions best describe what your patient should do?
Correct Answer - void a specimen midstream in a sterile cup
If a urine specimen is collected and then left standing for more than one hour,
bacteria will grow causing the pH of the urine to soon become which of the
following? Correct Answer - alkaline
(Because of the bacteria, the urea in the urine will be converted to ammonia
and the specimen will become cloudy, if the specimen was positive for glucose
then the glucose level will decrease because the growing bacteria will feed
upon it, also organized components will be affected)
What is the pH range for normal urine? Correct Answer - 4.5 to 8.0
(Higher pH is greater alkalinity and lower is more acidic and normal is 6.0)
If a patient normally drinks 10 or more 8-oz glasses of water each day, urine
would most likely be which color? Correct Answer - straw
,Urine needs to be collected in which type of container if it is collected for
bacterial culture? Correct Answer - sterile
A routine analysis of urine is made up of which of the following sets of
examinations? Correct Answer - microscopic, chemical, physical
Physical examination of urine Correct Answer - includes color, clarity,
odor, and specific gravity (by reagent strip or refractometer)
Chemical examination of urine Correct Answer - done using reagent strips
for pH, glucose, protein, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, blood, nitrate, and
leukocytes
Microscopic examination of urine Correct Answer - looks for RBCs, WBCs,
epithelial cells, casts, crystals, mucous threads, and possible bacteria and/or
spermatoza
To prevent a urine specimen from becoming an unreliable pH sample, the
specimen should be which of the following? Correct Answer - tested within
one hour of collection
If the required testing can be performed within 1st hour after collection what
will be valid? Correct Answer - the pH of the sample
When is refrigeration of urine sample done? Correct Answer -
refrigeration will be necessary only if the sample cannot be tested within the
1st hour of collection
What happens if a urine sample is kept at room temperature for more than 1
hour? Correct Answer - chemical and microscopic changes in the urine will
occur, thereby invalidating the certain tests results
When placing a urine specimen tube into the centrifuge for later creating a
wet mount, where should you place an identical tube containing water in that
same centrifuge? Correct Answer - directly opposite the tube containing
the urine specimen
, what is the principal reason for bracing the hand holding the needle assembly
against the patient's arm during phlebotomy? Correct Answer - prevent
excess needle movement
when a reagent strip is used to test a urine specimen and the result is positive
for ketones, this may be an indication of which condition? Correct Answer -
diabetes mellitus
what do ketones point to? Correct Answer - a diet that is high in fat, or to
diabetes mellitus, or starvation, or body wasting
what is the measure of the degree of acidity or alkalinity of urine called?
Correct Answer - pH
specific gravity Correct Answer - ratio of a mineral's weight compared
with the weight of an equal volume of water
routine urinalysis Correct Answer - performed to screen for urinary and
systemic disorders
supernatant Correct Answer - Clear liquid remaining after sediment settles
with pellet (precipitate) at the bottom
all the steps listed are appropriate when performing a capillary puncture
except for which of the following? Correct Answer - placing a tourniquet
around the finger
what will squeezing the finger too much while performing a capillary
puncture do to the blood sample? Correct Answer - the blood sample will
contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid. this will result in a poor-quality
sample
what are steps that are appropriate when performing a capillary puncture?
Correct Answer - gently rubbing the sides of the finger, discarding the first
drop of blood, selecting the ring finger of the hand
when would a capillary blood sample be diluted with tissue fluid? Correct
Answer - the finger is squeezed excessively
Solutions
Which organization developed the guidelines for universal precautions?
Correct Answer - CDC
According to OSHA, medical personnel must wear PPE (personal protective
equipment) when they have contact with which of the following? Correct
Answer - blood
To detect pregnancy, either urine or blood serum is tested for the presence of
which of the following? Correct Answer - HCG hormone,
(it is human chorionic gonadotropin and a 1st voided morning specimen is
used to collected, the higher concentration of HCG means the patient is
pregnant and a blood test is more sensitive than a urine HCG test so it will
detect pregnancy sooner)
A bacteriological culture needs to be performed on a collected urine specimen.
which of the following instructions best describe what your patient should do?
Correct Answer - void a specimen midstream in a sterile cup
If a urine specimen is collected and then left standing for more than one hour,
bacteria will grow causing the pH of the urine to soon become which of the
following? Correct Answer - alkaline
(Because of the bacteria, the urea in the urine will be converted to ammonia
and the specimen will become cloudy, if the specimen was positive for glucose
then the glucose level will decrease because the growing bacteria will feed
upon it, also organized components will be affected)
What is the pH range for normal urine? Correct Answer - 4.5 to 8.0
(Higher pH is greater alkalinity and lower is more acidic and normal is 6.0)
If a patient normally drinks 10 or more 8-oz glasses of water each day, urine
would most likely be which color? Correct Answer - straw
,Urine needs to be collected in which type of container if it is collected for
bacterial culture? Correct Answer - sterile
A routine analysis of urine is made up of which of the following sets of
examinations? Correct Answer - microscopic, chemical, physical
Physical examination of urine Correct Answer - includes color, clarity,
odor, and specific gravity (by reagent strip or refractometer)
Chemical examination of urine Correct Answer - done using reagent strips
for pH, glucose, protein, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, blood, nitrate, and
leukocytes
Microscopic examination of urine Correct Answer - looks for RBCs, WBCs,
epithelial cells, casts, crystals, mucous threads, and possible bacteria and/or
spermatoza
To prevent a urine specimen from becoming an unreliable pH sample, the
specimen should be which of the following? Correct Answer - tested within
one hour of collection
If the required testing can be performed within 1st hour after collection what
will be valid? Correct Answer - the pH of the sample
When is refrigeration of urine sample done? Correct Answer -
refrigeration will be necessary only if the sample cannot be tested within the
1st hour of collection
What happens if a urine sample is kept at room temperature for more than 1
hour? Correct Answer - chemical and microscopic changes in the urine will
occur, thereby invalidating the certain tests results
When placing a urine specimen tube into the centrifuge for later creating a
wet mount, where should you place an identical tube containing water in that
same centrifuge? Correct Answer - directly opposite the tube containing
the urine specimen
, what is the principal reason for bracing the hand holding the needle assembly
against the patient's arm during phlebotomy? Correct Answer - prevent
excess needle movement
when a reagent strip is used to test a urine specimen and the result is positive
for ketones, this may be an indication of which condition? Correct Answer -
diabetes mellitus
what do ketones point to? Correct Answer - a diet that is high in fat, or to
diabetes mellitus, or starvation, or body wasting
what is the measure of the degree of acidity or alkalinity of urine called?
Correct Answer - pH
specific gravity Correct Answer - ratio of a mineral's weight compared
with the weight of an equal volume of water
routine urinalysis Correct Answer - performed to screen for urinary and
systemic disorders
supernatant Correct Answer - Clear liquid remaining after sediment settles
with pellet (precipitate) at the bottom
all the steps listed are appropriate when performing a capillary puncture
except for which of the following? Correct Answer - placing a tourniquet
around the finger
what will squeezing the finger too much while performing a capillary
puncture do to the blood sample? Correct Answer - the blood sample will
contain an excessive amount of tissue fluid. this will result in a poor-quality
sample
what are steps that are appropriate when performing a capillary puncture?
Correct Answer - gently rubbing the sides of the finger, discarding the first
drop of blood, selecting the ring finger of the hand
when would a capillary blood sample be diluted with tissue fluid? Correct
Answer - the finger is squeezed excessively
