ORTHOTICS WRITTEN BOARD EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS |
A+ GRADED STUDY RESOURCE
Equinus deformity - ans -toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the
ankle
heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side - ans -
what is a cycle of gait defined as?
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis
A. Line of progression - ans –
subtalar joint - ans -what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur
primarily at?
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
B. knee extension
C. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion
A. Knee extension - ans -
the femoral nerve - ans -what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus?
Iliopsoas - ans -what is the primary flexor of the hip?
common peroneal nerve - ans -paralytic equinus during swing phase is
often caused by injury to what nerve?
talus, tibia, fibula - ans -what bones make up the talocrural joint?
,dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint - ans -what motion occurs in the talocrural joint?
talonavicular, calcaneocuboid - ans -what joints make up the midtarsal joint?
the anterior talar head and the concavity on the navicular - ans -what makes up
the talonavicular joint?
the anterior facet of the calcaneus and the posterior cuboid - ans -what makes
up the calcaneocuboid joint?
midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid) - ans -what are the Chopart
joints?
tarsometatarsal joints - ans -what are the Lisfranc joints?
1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform - ans -what makes up the medial column
of the tarsometatarsal joints?
resist over-eversion of the foot - ans -what is the primary action of the medial
ligament of the ankle?
resist over-inversion of the foot - ans -what is the primary action of the lateral
ligament of the ankle?
tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus - ans -what
muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis - ans -what muscles
produce plantarflexion of the ankle?
talus and calcaneus - ans -what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka
talocalcaneal joint)
2nd and 3rd metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms - ans -
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints?
,4th and 5th metatarsals and the cuboid - ans -what makes up the lateral
tarsometatarsal joints?
inversion and eversion, dorsiflexion an plantar flexion - ans -what motions are
produced at the subtalar joint?
inversion and eversion. flexion and extension - ans -what motions are produced
at the midtarsal joint?
flexion and extension, abduction and adduction - ans -what motions are
produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints?
flexion and extension - ans -what motions are produced at the IP joints?
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait
deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ans -
(posterior lower leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum
longus, flexor hallucis longus - ans -what muscles are innervated by the tibial
nerve?
cervical lateral flexion - ans -what is the C3 myotome
shoulder elevation - ans -what is the C4 myotome
shoulder abduction - ans -what is the C5 myotome
elbow flexion, wrist extension - ans -what is the C6 myotome
elbow extension, wrist flexion - ans -what is the C7 myotome
, thumb extension, finger flexion - ans -what is the C8 myotome
finger abduction and adduction - ans -what is the T1 myotome
hip flexion - ans -what is the L2 myotome
knee extension - ans -what is the L3 myotome
ankle DF - ans -what is the L4 myotome
great toe extension - ans -what is the L5 myotome
PF, eversion, hip extension - ans -what is the S1
myotome knee flexion, PF - ans -what is the S2
myotome
Scheuermann's Disease - ans -a developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the posterior
portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis
Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae) - ans --growth disorder of the
tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara
Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease - ans --avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head
resulting from compromise of the tenuous blood supply to this area
-usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral
Heel strike (initial contact) - ans -at which part of gait are the most number of
muscles active?
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED CORRECT ANSWERS |
A+ GRADED STUDY RESOURCE
Equinus deformity - ans -toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the
ankle
heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on the ipsilateral side - ans -
what is a cycle of gait defined as?
toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis
A. Line of progression - ans –
subtalar joint - ans -what joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur
primarily at?
a complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects what
motion?
B. knee extension
C. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
e. ankle plantarflexion
A. Knee extension - ans -
the femoral nerve - ans -what is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus?
Iliopsoas - ans -what is the primary flexor of the hip?
common peroneal nerve - ans -paralytic equinus during swing phase is
often caused by injury to what nerve?
talus, tibia, fibula - ans -what bones make up the talocrural joint?
,dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
essentially a hinge type joint - ans -what motion occurs in the talocrural joint?
talonavicular, calcaneocuboid - ans -what joints make up the midtarsal joint?
the anterior talar head and the concavity on the navicular - ans -what makes up
the talonavicular joint?
the anterior facet of the calcaneus and the posterior cuboid - ans -what makes
up the calcaneocuboid joint?
midtarsal joints (talonavicular and calcaneocuboid) - ans -what are the Chopart
joints?
tarsometatarsal joints - ans -what are the Lisfranc joints?
1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform - ans -what makes up the medial column
of the tarsometatarsal joints?
resist over-eversion of the foot - ans -what is the primary action of the medial
ligament of the ankle?
resist over-inversion of the foot - ans -what is the primary action of the lateral
ligament of the ankle?
tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus - ans -what
muscles produce dorsiflexion of the ankle?
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis - ans -what muscles
produce plantarflexion of the ankle?
talus and calcaneus - ans -what bones form the subtalar joint? (aka
talocalcaneal joint)
2nd and 3rd metatarsal and intermediate and lateral cuneiforms - ans -
what makes up the middle column of the tarsometatarsal joints?
,4th and 5th metatarsals and the cuboid - ans -what makes up the lateral
tarsometatarsal joints?
inversion and eversion, dorsiflexion an plantar flexion - ans -what motions are
produced at the subtalar joint?
inversion and eversion. flexion and extension - ans -what motions are produced
at the midtarsal joint?
flexion and extension, abduction and adduction - ans -what motions are
produced at the metatarsalphalangeal joints?
flexion and extension - ans -what motions are produced at the IP joints?
a complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait
deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ans -
(posterior lower leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum
longus, flexor hallucis longus - ans -what muscles are innervated by the tibial
nerve?
cervical lateral flexion - ans -what is the C3 myotome
shoulder elevation - ans -what is the C4 myotome
shoulder abduction - ans -what is the C5 myotome
elbow flexion, wrist extension - ans -what is the C6 myotome
elbow extension, wrist flexion - ans -what is the C7 myotome
, thumb extension, finger flexion - ans -what is the C8 myotome
finger abduction and adduction - ans -what is the T1 myotome
hip flexion - ans -what is the L2 myotome
knee extension - ans -what is the L3 myotome
ankle DF - ans -what is the L4 myotome
great toe extension - ans -what is the L5 myotome
PF, eversion, hip extension - ans -what is the S1
myotome knee flexion, PF - ans -what is the S2
myotome
Scheuermann's Disease - ans -a developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the posterior
portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis
Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae) - ans --growth disorder of the
tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara
Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease - ans --avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head
resulting from compromise of the tenuous blood supply to this area
-usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral
Heel strike (initial contact) - ans -at which part of gait are the most number of
muscles active?
