NDEB (Pharmacology) QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A!!!!
Which amide local anesthetic presents with an ester side chain? - ans -Articaine
(Septocaine)
Which amide local anesthetic is capable of causing methemglobinemia? - ans -
Prilocaine (Citanest)
What percentage of local anethestic is mepivicaine offered in? - ans -2%, 3%
Which local anesthetic is responsible for vasconstriction? - ans -Cocaine
What is the MOA of local anesthetics? - ans -Sodium channel blocker
Where are amides metabolized? - ans -Liver
Where are esters metabolized? - ans -In the plasma by pseudocholinesterase
4 local anesthetics that are esters: - ans -1) Procaine 2) Cocaine 3) Benzocaine 4)
Tetracaine (***there is no 'i" before -caine)
Out of the amide anesthetics, which is safest to use in children? - ans -Lidocaine
(xylocaine)
Out of the amide anesthetics, which is unsafe to use in children? - ans -
Bupivicaine
What is the percentage of local anesthetic in a bupivicaine carpule? - ans -0.5%
Which amide local anesthetic causes the least amount of vasodilation? - ans -
Mepivicaine (Carbocaine, Polocaine)
In which form are local anesthetics able to penetrate the neuronal membrane? -
ans -Non-ionized (free base)
, What is the impact on duration of action for a local anesthetic that has increased
blood flow? - ans -Shorter duration of action
What is the impact on the potency and duration of action with increased lipid
solubility/hydrophobicity? - ans -More potent and longer duration of action
3 advantages of vascoconstrictor within local anesthetics: - ans -1) Prolongs
numbness 2) Reduces toxicity 3) Promotes hemostasis
What is considered the max epinephrine for an ASA I patient? - ans -0.2mg
What is considered the max. epinephrine for a cardiac patient? - ans -0.04 mmg
What is the max lidocaine without vasoconstrictor? - ans -4.4mg/kg
What is the max lidocaine with vasoconstrictor? - ans -7mg/kg
What is the length of a sort needle? - ans -20mm
What is the length of a long needle? - ans -32mm
What is the diameter of a 30,27,and 25 gauge needle? - ans -0.3mm, 0.4mm,
0.5mm
What is the impact on duration of action with increased protein binding? - ans -
Longer duration of action
What is the impact of a lower pKa on the on set of action? - ans -Faster onset of
action
What is the pKa value of mepivicaine? - ans -7.6
What is the pKa value of lidoacine, articaine, and prilocaine? - ans -7.1
What is the pKa value of bupivicaine? - ans -8.1
Which local anesthetic technique has the greatest failure rate? - ans -IAB
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A!!!!
Which amide local anesthetic presents with an ester side chain? - ans -Articaine
(Septocaine)
Which amide local anesthetic is capable of causing methemglobinemia? - ans -
Prilocaine (Citanest)
What percentage of local anethestic is mepivicaine offered in? - ans -2%, 3%
Which local anesthetic is responsible for vasconstriction? - ans -Cocaine
What is the MOA of local anesthetics? - ans -Sodium channel blocker
Where are amides metabolized? - ans -Liver
Where are esters metabolized? - ans -In the plasma by pseudocholinesterase
4 local anesthetics that are esters: - ans -1) Procaine 2) Cocaine 3) Benzocaine 4)
Tetracaine (***there is no 'i" before -caine)
Out of the amide anesthetics, which is safest to use in children? - ans -Lidocaine
(xylocaine)
Out of the amide anesthetics, which is unsafe to use in children? - ans -
Bupivicaine
What is the percentage of local anesthetic in a bupivicaine carpule? - ans -0.5%
Which amide local anesthetic causes the least amount of vasodilation? - ans -
Mepivicaine (Carbocaine, Polocaine)
In which form are local anesthetics able to penetrate the neuronal membrane? -
ans -Non-ionized (free base)
, What is the impact on duration of action for a local anesthetic that has increased
blood flow? - ans -Shorter duration of action
What is the impact on the potency and duration of action with increased lipid
solubility/hydrophobicity? - ans -More potent and longer duration of action
3 advantages of vascoconstrictor within local anesthetics: - ans -1) Prolongs
numbness 2) Reduces toxicity 3) Promotes hemostasis
What is considered the max epinephrine for an ASA I patient? - ans -0.2mg
What is considered the max. epinephrine for a cardiac patient? - ans -0.04 mmg
What is the max lidocaine without vasoconstrictor? - ans -4.4mg/kg
What is the max lidocaine with vasoconstrictor? - ans -7mg/kg
What is the length of a sort needle? - ans -20mm
What is the length of a long needle? - ans -32mm
What is the diameter of a 30,27,and 25 gauge needle? - ans -0.3mm, 0.4mm,
0.5mm
What is the impact on duration of action with increased protein binding? - ans -
Longer duration of action
What is the impact of a lower pKa on the on set of action? - ans -Faster onset of
action
What is the pKa value of mepivicaine? - ans -7.6
What is the pKa value of lidoacine, articaine, and prilocaine? - ans -7.1
What is the pKa value of bupivicaine? - ans -8.1
Which local anesthetic technique has the greatest failure rate? - ans -IAB
