PSYCHOLOGY 1000 COMPLETE LATEST
MIDTERM 1 BASED ACTUAL SET WITH
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT/VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Empiricism - correct answer-✅is a philosophical tenet that knowledge comes through experience.
Determinism - correct answer-✅is the belief that all events are governed by lawful, cause-and-effect
relationships
What did Ancient Greece believe the 4 fluids were? - correct answer-✅Blood, Yellow Bile, Black Bile,
Phlegm
What are Pergamon four temperaments? - correct answer-✅Sanguine (Blood), Choleric (Yellow bile),
Melancholic (Black Vile), Phlegmatic (Phlegm)
What is Sanguine (blood)? - correct answer-✅is the tendency to be impulsive, pleasure-seeking, and
charismatic.
(One of Pergamon four temperaments)
What is Choleric (yellow bile)? - correct answer-✅a tendency to be ambitious, energetic and a bit
aggressive
Melancholic (black vile) - correct answer-✅a tendency to be independant, perfectionistic and a bit
introverted
Phlegmatic (Phlegm) - correct answer-✅a tendency to be quiet, relaxed and content with life
Zeitgeist - correct answer-✅refers to general set of belief of a particular culture at a particular time in
history
Materialism - correct answer-✅the belief that humans and and other living things are composed
exclusively of physical matter
Dualism - correct answer-✅The belief that there are properties of human beings that are not material (a
mind or should separate from the body)
Psychophysics - correct answer-✅which is the study of the relationship between the physical world and
the mental representation of that world. The term was coined by Gustav Fletcher
Clinical Psychology - correct answer-✅the field of psychology that concentrates on the diagnoses and
treatment of psychological disorders
Psychoanalysis - correct answer-✅is a psychological approach that attempts to explain how behaviour
and personality are influenced by unconscious processes. developed by Sigmund Frued
Nature and Nurture relationships - correct answer-✅the inquiry how heredity (nature) and how
environment (nurture) influence behaviour and mental processes
Structuralism - correct answer-✅was an attempt to analyze conscious experience by breaking it down
into basics elements, and to understand how these elements work together
Functionalism - correct answer-✅is the study of the purpose and function of behaviour and conscious
experience
Behaviourism - correct answer-✅an approach that dominated the first half of the 20th century of North
American psychology and had a singular focus on studying only observable behaviour, with little to no
reference to mental events or instincts as possible influences on behaviour.
Humanistic psychology - correct answer-✅Focuses on the unique aspects of each individual human,
each persons freedom to act, his/her rational thought, and belief that humans are fundamentally
different then other animals
,Using science makes us ______ and ______ - correct answer-✅objective and accurate
How are objective measures used? - correct answer-✅1. The measurement is objective across
instruments and observers
2. the use of operational definitions helps with objectivity
3. The measure must be valid-does it measure what it claims to measure
4.The measure must be reliable-do we get the same score time and time again across observers
Random Sampling - correct answer-✅Making sure that every individual in the population has an equal
chance of being included in your sample
True or false? random sampling is almost impossible to do - correct answer-✅true
Convince Sampling - correct answer-✅using samples of individuals who are most readily available (most
commonly used in psychology)
What is researcher bias? - correct answer-✅When the researchers own expectations or theoretical slant
can influence the study
What is Intentional Bias? - correct answer-✅when the researcher deliberately makes up data
What is Wis fulfillment bias? - correct answer-✅when the researcher pushes "grey area" results in their
favour
What us accidental/inadvertent bias? - correct answer-✅When a researcher may accidentally treat one
group slightly different then the other group
How do you control Researcher and participant bias? - correct answer-✅double-blind procedure
What is double-blind procedure? - correct answer-✅when neither the researcher nor the participants
know if they are in the experimental or control group.
What is the Hawthorne - correct answer-✅When the participants show a change in behaviour due to
the fact that they are being observed
Demand Characteristics - correct answer-✅Inadvertent cues by the participants about how they are
expected to behave in the study
Social Desirability - correct answer-✅when a participant response are based more on social
acceptability than honesty
Placebo effect - correct answer-✅When participants show a change in a behaviour due to their
expectation that their behaviour should change
How to minimize the sources of participant bias - correct answer-✅1. Assure participants that their
responses are anonymous and confidential
2. Assure participants that you are not looking at individual responses but only group averages
3. Use a blind procedure
hether psychologists should study the mind, which was thought to be unobservable?
A) Behaviourism
B) Psychoanalysis
C) Gestalt psychology
D) Humanism - correct answer-✅A) behaviourism
You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as 'free will' and 'life's meaning'. Which
psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?
A) humanistic psychology
, B) functionalism
C) behaviourism
D) psychodynamic - correct answer-✅A) Humanistic Pyschology
By studying a _________, scientists hope that they can generalize the results of their investigation to a
_________.
A) population; sample
B) specific behaviour; culture
C) random sample; normative sample
D) sample; population - correct answer-✅D) Sample; Population
Which of the following is an example of a demand characteristic affecting an experiment?
A) A participant in a double-blind experiment believes she is in the control group.
B) An experimenter stops using a test because it does not appear to be reliable.
C) An experimenter draws the wrong conclusions form a study because she did not use the correct
statistical analysis.
D) A participant changes his response to a question because he has a feeling that the experimenter
wants him to do so. - correct answer-✅D) A participant changes his response to a question because he
has a feeling that the experimenter wants him to do so.
What does a correlation coefficient of -0.89 indicate about two variables?
A) the variables are weakly associated, with both increasing together
B) the variables are strongly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases
C) the variables are strongly associated, with both increasing together
D) the variables are weakly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases - correct answer-✅B)
the variables are strongly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases
Most people would agree that anxiety can lead to sleep loss. However, Dr. Jenkins believes that sleep
deprivation can also cause increased anxiety. Which research method would allow him to test a cause-
effect relationship between the two?
A) naturalistic observation
B) experimental
C) survey
MIDTERM 1 BASED ACTUAL SET WITH
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT/VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Empiricism - correct answer-✅is a philosophical tenet that knowledge comes through experience.
Determinism - correct answer-✅is the belief that all events are governed by lawful, cause-and-effect
relationships
What did Ancient Greece believe the 4 fluids were? - correct answer-✅Blood, Yellow Bile, Black Bile,
Phlegm
What are Pergamon four temperaments? - correct answer-✅Sanguine (Blood), Choleric (Yellow bile),
Melancholic (Black Vile), Phlegmatic (Phlegm)
What is Sanguine (blood)? - correct answer-✅is the tendency to be impulsive, pleasure-seeking, and
charismatic.
(One of Pergamon four temperaments)
What is Choleric (yellow bile)? - correct answer-✅a tendency to be ambitious, energetic and a bit
aggressive
Melancholic (black vile) - correct answer-✅a tendency to be independant, perfectionistic and a bit
introverted
Phlegmatic (Phlegm) - correct answer-✅a tendency to be quiet, relaxed and content with life
Zeitgeist - correct answer-✅refers to general set of belief of a particular culture at a particular time in
history
Materialism - correct answer-✅the belief that humans and and other living things are composed
exclusively of physical matter
Dualism - correct answer-✅The belief that there are properties of human beings that are not material (a
mind or should separate from the body)
Psychophysics - correct answer-✅which is the study of the relationship between the physical world and
the mental representation of that world. The term was coined by Gustav Fletcher
Clinical Psychology - correct answer-✅the field of psychology that concentrates on the diagnoses and
treatment of psychological disorders
Psychoanalysis - correct answer-✅is a psychological approach that attempts to explain how behaviour
and personality are influenced by unconscious processes. developed by Sigmund Frued
Nature and Nurture relationships - correct answer-✅the inquiry how heredity (nature) and how
environment (nurture) influence behaviour and mental processes
Structuralism - correct answer-✅was an attempt to analyze conscious experience by breaking it down
into basics elements, and to understand how these elements work together
Functionalism - correct answer-✅is the study of the purpose and function of behaviour and conscious
experience
Behaviourism - correct answer-✅an approach that dominated the first half of the 20th century of North
American psychology and had a singular focus on studying only observable behaviour, with little to no
reference to mental events or instincts as possible influences on behaviour.
Humanistic psychology - correct answer-✅Focuses on the unique aspects of each individual human,
each persons freedom to act, his/her rational thought, and belief that humans are fundamentally
different then other animals
,Using science makes us ______ and ______ - correct answer-✅objective and accurate
How are objective measures used? - correct answer-✅1. The measurement is objective across
instruments and observers
2. the use of operational definitions helps with objectivity
3. The measure must be valid-does it measure what it claims to measure
4.The measure must be reliable-do we get the same score time and time again across observers
Random Sampling - correct answer-✅Making sure that every individual in the population has an equal
chance of being included in your sample
True or false? random sampling is almost impossible to do - correct answer-✅true
Convince Sampling - correct answer-✅using samples of individuals who are most readily available (most
commonly used in psychology)
What is researcher bias? - correct answer-✅When the researchers own expectations or theoretical slant
can influence the study
What is Intentional Bias? - correct answer-✅when the researcher deliberately makes up data
What is Wis fulfillment bias? - correct answer-✅when the researcher pushes "grey area" results in their
favour
What us accidental/inadvertent bias? - correct answer-✅When a researcher may accidentally treat one
group slightly different then the other group
How do you control Researcher and participant bias? - correct answer-✅double-blind procedure
What is double-blind procedure? - correct answer-✅when neither the researcher nor the participants
know if they are in the experimental or control group.
What is the Hawthorne - correct answer-✅When the participants show a change in behaviour due to
the fact that they are being observed
Demand Characteristics - correct answer-✅Inadvertent cues by the participants about how they are
expected to behave in the study
Social Desirability - correct answer-✅when a participant response are based more on social
acceptability than honesty
Placebo effect - correct answer-✅When participants show a change in a behaviour due to their
expectation that their behaviour should change
How to minimize the sources of participant bias - correct answer-✅1. Assure participants that their
responses are anonymous and confidential
2. Assure participants that you are not looking at individual responses but only group averages
3. Use a blind procedure
hether psychologists should study the mind, which was thought to be unobservable?
A) Behaviourism
B) Psychoanalysis
C) Gestalt psychology
D) Humanism - correct answer-✅A) behaviourism
You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as 'free will' and 'life's meaning'. Which
psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?
A) humanistic psychology
, B) functionalism
C) behaviourism
D) psychodynamic - correct answer-✅A) Humanistic Pyschology
By studying a _________, scientists hope that they can generalize the results of their investigation to a
_________.
A) population; sample
B) specific behaviour; culture
C) random sample; normative sample
D) sample; population - correct answer-✅D) Sample; Population
Which of the following is an example of a demand characteristic affecting an experiment?
A) A participant in a double-blind experiment believes she is in the control group.
B) An experimenter stops using a test because it does not appear to be reliable.
C) An experimenter draws the wrong conclusions form a study because she did not use the correct
statistical analysis.
D) A participant changes his response to a question because he has a feeling that the experimenter
wants him to do so. - correct answer-✅D) A participant changes his response to a question because he
has a feeling that the experimenter wants him to do so.
What does a correlation coefficient of -0.89 indicate about two variables?
A) the variables are weakly associated, with both increasing together
B) the variables are strongly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases
C) the variables are strongly associated, with both increasing together
D) the variables are weakly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases - correct answer-✅B)
the variables are strongly associated, with one increasing as the other decreases
Most people would agree that anxiety can lead to sleep loss. However, Dr. Jenkins believes that sleep
deprivation can also cause increased anxiety. Which research method would allow him to test a cause-
effect relationship between the two?
A) naturalistic observation
B) experimental
C) survey
