[Solved] NURS 5366 test 5 Answers

NURS 5366 test 5 Answers · Question 1 What must be done to decrease the chances of Type I and Type II errors? Answers: a. Increase the sample size. b. Decrease the sample size. c. Decrease the number of variables. d. Measure the sample characteristics Response Feedback: page 521 · Question 2 Which statement is true about chi-square analysis? Answers: a. It is a parametric test. b. It is used for two nominal variables c. It has the assumption of a normal distribution Response Feedback: page 575 · Question 3 Which of the following measures is the most helpful both for providing a quantification of dispersion and for providing a way to interpret how far away from the mean each individual score is? Answers: a. Range b. Difference scores c. Magnitude d. Standard deviation Response Feedback: page 540 · Question 4 A group of 15 nurses was asked which of two types of coffee they preferred. Seven of the nurses preferred the first type, while eight of the nurses preferred the second type. Which statistical test would be appropriate to determine differences in these two groups? Answers: a. paired t-test b. Chi-square c. parametric test Response Feedback: page 576 · Question 5 Which of the following correlation coefficients shows the strongest relationship? Answers: a. .10 b. .80 c. –.85 Response Feedback: page 546 · Question 6 In a research study on number of hours parents spent at children’s sporting events and number of incarcerations that the offspring experienced by age 30, the calculated Pearson’s r was –.95. What does this Pearson’s value signify? Answers: a. As the hours of parents spent at children’s sporting events increased, the number of incarcerations that the offspring experienced by age 30 increased b. There was no relationship between the number hours of parents spent at children’s sporting events and the number of incarcerations that the offspring experienced by age 30 c. As the hours of parents spent at children’s sporting events increased, the number of incarcerations that the offspring experienced by age 30 declined Response Feedback: page 546 · Question 7 Which of the following tests is essentially a comparison of means? Answers: a. Pearson's correlation b. Chi-square c. t-test Response Feedback: One of the most common parametric analyses used to test for significant differences between group means of two samples is the t-test. In its calculation, the numerator is the difference scores of the means of the two samples. In addition, the test uses the pooled standard deviation of the two samples as the denominator. pages 567-571 · Question 8 A Type I error occurs when the researcher concludes that there is a significant effect when there is no significant effect. Answers: True False Response Feedback: page 521 · Question 9 A researcher sets the significance level (α) at .01. If the results of the statistical analysis reveal a p-value of .01, the researcher should [a] the null hypothesis. The potential error that the researcher is making is a Type [b] error. Response Feedback: p. 521 · Question 10 Descriptive statistics should be reported in every study for which of the following reasons? Answers: a. To provide a powerful analysis of data b. To determine validity c. To show the sample characteristics d. As an indication of reliability Response Feedback: page 535 · Question 11 A group of researchers studied functional impairment scores in a group of 10 patients before and after a new rehabilitation intervention. The researchers set the alpha at 0.05 which meant that the critical t value would be 2.26 (9 df). Data analysis showed t(9)=2.84, p=.045. What do these results mean? Answers: a. There is insufficient information to determine if a significant difference exists between scores. b. There was not a statistically significant difference between the functional impairment scores obtained before and after the intervention. c. There was a statistically significant difference between the functional impairment scores obtained before and after the intervention. Response Feedback: page 567 · Question 12 A nurse in a cardiovascular ICU developed an intervention that she believes can reduce patient time on the ventilator post-operatively. She recruits study participants from the offices of cardiovascular surgeons. She randomizes the participants to two groups, a treatment group and a control group. She provides a novel teaching intervention along with a spirometer to each participant in the treatment group one week prior to their surgery. Participants in the control group received customary care. After each participant’s surgery, the researcher records the number of hours that they are on the ventilator post-operatively. Which statistical test should she select to determine the effects of her intervention on time spent on ventilator post-operatively? Answers: a. Paired t-test b. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) c. Independent samples t-test Response Feedback: page 567 · Question 13 The statistical procedure most commonly used for prediction is _____________. Answers: a. standard deviation b. regression analysis c. Chi-square test of independence d. t-test Response Feedback: page 556 · Question 14 A pediatric nurse is interested in research on a new medication used to treat seizures in children. She reviews a study of the new drug where researchers randomized 50 children to receive either the new seizure drug (treatment group) or Phenobarbital (control group). The researchers followed both groups for the next three months and monitored the number of seizures that the participants had. They reported that the treatment group had fewer seizures (t = 2.25, p = .045 (with alpha set at .05). The nurse correctly determines that children who received the new drug had significantly fewer seizures than those who received Phenobarbital. Answers: True False Response Feedback: page 567 · Question 15 A nurse is reading a journal article on the effects of patient incivility on nursing burn-out. The results of the study were r = 0.50, p = .04 (with alpha set at .05). The nurse correctly summarizes that: Answers: a. there is a weak relationship between patient incivility and nursing burn-out. b. there is a moderate relationship between patient incivility and nursing burn-out. c. there is no relationship between patient incivility and nursing burn-out. Response Feedback: Page 546 · Question 16 A Family Nurse Practitioner believes that he has developed an intervention that can accelerate weight loss in adults with Type II diabetes when administered with a healthy diet. He recruits 25 participants from a local church. He obtains each participant’s weight prior to beginning the intervention (of a walking program alternating with resistance training). After a month of the treatment, all of the participants are weighed again. Which statistical test should the researcher select to determine the effect of his intervention on weight loss? Answers: a. Independent samples t-test b. Paired t-test c. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) Response Feedback: page 570 · Question 17 In a study, a researcher finds that as A increases, B also increases. The analysis shows that the strength of the relationship is 0.78. What type of linear relationship is this? Answers: a. positive b. negative c. inverse Response Feedback: page 546 · Question 18 A researcher collects a nationally based set of data about cholesterol levels and age at first circulatory incident (myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident). The researcher performs a linear regression analysis to find out all of the following except: Answers: a. Estimate the age at which circulatory incidents are likely to occur, given the cholesterol level. b. Determine if there are differences between the cholesterol levels and the number of circulatory incidents. c. Determine whether there is a linear relationship between cholesterol levels and circulatory incidents. d. Calculate the strength of the relationship between cholesterol levels and circulatory incidents. Response Feedback: page 556 · Question 19 A researcher wants to examine the relationship between post-partum depression and maternal age. She recruits 50 women who have given birth within the last 3 months from the WIC (Women, Infants, & Children Food and Nutrition) office. She collects demographic information from each woman (including age, race/ethnicity, and educational achievement) as well as administering a post-partum depression survey. Which of the following statistical tests should she select for her analysis? Answers: a. Chi-square b. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) c. Independent samples t-test Response Feedback: page 546 · Question 20 When there is an outlier in the data set, which measure of central tendency is effected the most? Answers: a. Mean b. Median c. Mode Response Feedback: page 537