Radius - ANSWER Biggest affect on blood flow through a vessel
Activation of Sympathetic NS - ANSWER - Decreases vessel diameter
- Increases CO
- Increases TPR
Perfusion - ANSWER The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells
and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Arterial System - ANSWER Distributes blood and regulates pressure
Capillary beds - ANSWER Transfer of materials between circulation and tissues
Venous System - ANSWER Returns blood to heart volume reservoir
Scope of Perfusion - ANSWER Optimal - Impaired - No Perfusion
Ischemia (cell injury) - ANSWER Impaired perfusion
Infarction (cell death) - ANSWER No Perfusion
Blood Pressure - ANSWER Force of blood against the walls of blood vessels
Systolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during systole
- ventricles contract
Diastolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during diastole
- ventricles relax
Pulse Pressure - ANSWER Systole - Diastole (normal = 40-45 mmHg)
MAP = - ANSWER CO x TPR
MAP ≈ - ANSWER Diastolic Pressure - 1/3(Partial Pressure)
Blood Volume Influenced By: - ANSWER -sodium ingestion and excretion
-renin/aldosterone
Vasoconstriction Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS
, - Kidney renin/angiotensin
- Adrenal medulla hormones
Cardiac Output Influenced By: - ANSWER - BPM
- Volume of blood
Peripheral Resistance Influenced By: - ANSWER - Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Local Factors (pH, hypoxia)
- Sympathetic stimulation of smooth muscle of vessel walls
- Blood viscosity
- Vessel radius
Vasodilation Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS
- Kidney: vasodilators
- Hormonal factors
Peripheral Resistance - ANSWER Force that must be overcome to push blood
through the circulatory system
Blood Viscosity Decreases Because: - ANSWER - Anemia: Load that the heart
works against is lower so TPR decreases
- Hypoproteinemia: Plasma proteins go down so blood is thinner so TPR decreases
What influences blood flow? - ANSWER - Viscosity of blood (Increase = decrease
in flow)
- Velocity of blood
- Vessel Radius
- Vessel Elasticity
What influences Viscocity? - ANSWER - RBCs
- Hydration
- Proteins
What is the vessel radius mostly controlled by? - ANSWER Sympathetic NS
What controls do the regulation of BP and flow involve? - ANSWER - Local
- Neural
- Hormonal
Activation of Sympathetic NS - ANSWER - Decreases vessel diameter
- Increases CO
- Increases TPR
Perfusion - ANSWER The supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells
and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Arterial System - ANSWER Distributes blood and regulates pressure
Capillary beds - ANSWER Transfer of materials between circulation and tissues
Venous System - ANSWER Returns blood to heart volume reservoir
Scope of Perfusion - ANSWER Optimal - Impaired - No Perfusion
Ischemia (cell injury) - ANSWER Impaired perfusion
Infarction (cell death) - ANSWER No Perfusion
Blood Pressure - ANSWER Force of blood against the walls of blood vessels
Systolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during systole
- ventricles contract
Diastolic Pressure - ANSWER BP during diastole
- ventricles relax
Pulse Pressure - ANSWER Systole - Diastole (normal = 40-45 mmHg)
MAP = - ANSWER CO x TPR
MAP ≈ - ANSWER Diastolic Pressure - 1/3(Partial Pressure)
Blood Volume Influenced By: - ANSWER -sodium ingestion and excretion
-renin/aldosterone
Vasoconstriction Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS
, - Kidney renin/angiotensin
- Adrenal medulla hormones
Cardiac Output Influenced By: - ANSWER - BPM
- Volume of blood
Peripheral Resistance Influenced By: - ANSWER - Vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Local Factors (pH, hypoxia)
- Sympathetic stimulation of smooth muscle of vessel walls
- Blood viscosity
- Vessel radius
Vasodilation Influenced By: - ANSWER - Autonomic NS
- Kidney: vasodilators
- Hormonal factors
Peripheral Resistance - ANSWER Force that must be overcome to push blood
through the circulatory system
Blood Viscosity Decreases Because: - ANSWER - Anemia: Load that the heart
works against is lower so TPR decreases
- Hypoproteinemia: Plasma proteins go down so blood is thinner so TPR decreases
What influences blood flow? - ANSWER - Viscosity of blood (Increase = decrease
in flow)
- Velocity of blood
- Vessel Radius
- Vessel Elasticity
What influences Viscocity? - ANSWER - RBCs
- Hydration
- Proteins
What is the vessel radius mostly controlled by? - ANSWER Sympathetic NS
What controls do the regulation of BP and flow involve? - ANSWER - Local
- Neural
- Hormonal
