PSIO 305 EVALUATION EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔areolar tissue - ✔✔found in outer dermis of skin, interstitial tissue, mesenteries and
serous membranes
water reservoir
✔✔adipose tissue - ✔✔low power: insulation, shock absorption, fatty pads around
organs, subcutaneous fat
high power: insulation, generation of heat
✔✔dense irregular connective tissue - ✔✔found in the deep dermis of the skin and in
the submucosa of the hollow organs
✔✔how is hair similar and different from fat? - ✔✔both are insulating
hair does not generate heat
✔✔arrector pilli muscle - ✔✔change in thickness of insulation
lifts hair follicle, erect hair (piloerection)
✔✔glands of the integumentary system - ✔✔eccrine gland: sweat exits at sweat pore
sebaceous gland: sebum exits along hair
✔✔sebum - ✔✔waterproofs skin
emulsifies sweat
repel rain
✔✔sweat - ✔✔evaporative water loss
✔✔mammary glands - ✔✔modified sweat glands
✔✔thermoreceptors - ✔✔detect temperature changes
✔✔2 types of thermoreceptors - ✔✔a-delta fibers: cold receptors
c fibers: warmth receptors
✔✔warm vs. cold receptors - ✔✔warm: un-myelinated, small diameter, slower
, cold: myelinated, faster
✔✔where do snakes and bats have thermoreceptors? - ✔✔outside of their body,
infrared receptors like eyes
✔✔mammals have a __________ while other animals have a __________ - ✔✔urethra
coaleca
✔✔urogenital system - ✔✔shared ducts between kidneys and testes
✔✔osmoregulation - ✔✔salt and water balance in the body, selective retention and
excretion of salt and water
✔✔excretion - ✔✔getting rid of nitrogenous wastes (toxins)
✔✔why are excretion and osmoregulation linked? - ✔✔similar organs involved (kidneys,
gills, skin)
excretory products are removed with excess water
✔✔nitrogenous waste - ✔✔breakdown products of proteins and nucleic acids, contains
nitrogen and is toxic, made in liver
✔✔3 types of nitrogenous waste - ✔✔ammonia
urea
uric acid
✔✔ammonia - ✔✔high toxicity
high water
low energy
✔✔urea - ✔✔medium everything
✔✔uric acid - ✔✔low toxicity
low water
high energy
✔✔hypertonic - ✔✔outisde > inside
✔✔hypotonic - ✔✔outside < inside
✔✔where is water in the body? - ✔✔solids
icf
ecf
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔areolar tissue - ✔✔found in outer dermis of skin, interstitial tissue, mesenteries and
serous membranes
water reservoir
✔✔adipose tissue - ✔✔low power: insulation, shock absorption, fatty pads around
organs, subcutaneous fat
high power: insulation, generation of heat
✔✔dense irregular connective tissue - ✔✔found in the deep dermis of the skin and in
the submucosa of the hollow organs
✔✔how is hair similar and different from fat? - ✔✔both are insulating
hair does not generate heat
✔✔arrector pilli muscle - ✔✔change in thickness of insulation
lifts hair follicle, erect hair (piloerection)
✔✔glands of the integumentary system - ✔✔eccrine gland: sweat exits at sweat pore
sebaceous gland: sebum exits along hair
✔✔sebum - ✔✔waterproofs skin
emulsifies sweat
repel rain
✔✔sweat - ✔✔evaporative water loss
✔✔mammary glands - ✔✔modified sweat glands
✔✔thermoreceptors - ✔✔detect temperature changes
✔✔2 types of thermoreceptors - ✔✔a-delta fibers: cold receptors
c fibers: warmth receptors
✔✔warm vs. cold receptors - ✔✔warm: un-myelinated, small diameter, slower
, cold: myelinated, faster
✔✔where do snakes and bats have thermoreceptors? - ✔✔outside of their body,
infrared receptors like eyes
✔✔mammals have a __________ while other animals have a __________ - ✔✔urethra
coaleca
✔✔urogenital system - ✔✔shared ducts between kidneys and testes
✔✔osmoregulation - ✔✔salt and water balance in the body, selective retention and
excretion of salt and water
✔✔excretion - ✔✔getting rid of nitrogenous wastes (toxins)
✔✔why are excretion and osmoregulation linked? - ✔✔similar organs involved (kidneys,
gills, skin)
excretory products are removed with excess water
✔✔nitrogenous waste - ✔✔breakdown products of proteins and nucleic acids, contains
nitrogen and is toxic, made in liver
✔✔3 types of nitrogenous waste - ✔✔ammonia
urea
uric acid
✔✔ammonia - ✔✔high toxicity
high water
low energy
✔✔urea - ✔✔medium everything
✔✔uric acid - ✔✔low toxicity
low water
high energy
✔✔hypertonic - ✔✔outisde > inside
✔✔hypotonic - ✔✔outside < inside
✔✔where is water in the body? - ✔✔solids
icf
ecf
