SOWK Exam 2
Theories correct answersorganized set of ideas that are designed
to explain development
Need for theories correct answersprovide a theoretical framework
and influence questions asked and interpretation of findings
What theoretical perspective/framework does correct answersasks questions
about CS, interprets CS's behaviors, understands influences of systems,
intervention approach taken
Associative learning correct answersideas reinforce each other and can be
linked to one another
Classical conditioning correct answerscondition people to respond a
certain way with the stimulus, Pavlov and Watson
Operant conditioning correct answersconsequences of a behavior determine
whether it is repeated
Reinforcement correct answersincreases the future likelihood
behavior Punishment correct answersdecreases the future
likelihood behavior
Social Learning Theory correct answersbehaviors can be acquired by
observing and imitating others, modeling, learning ability is innate,
Bandura
Modeling correct answersnot imitation, helps us understand how to
behave
Maturational-developmental Theory correct answerseveryone goes through
the same stages or consequences of growth but at their own unique pace
Pacing influenced by internal factors correct answersphysical & mental
development, personality, genetics, temperament
Pacing influenced by external factors correct answersparenting
styles, peers, environment, culture
Contextualism correct answersbehavior must be assessed in the context of
the culture in which the behavior occurs
, Brofenbrenner Diagram correct answerssystems develop and all interact,
individual in the middle to outward
Cephalocaudal correct answershead
to toe Proximaldistal correct
answersinside out
Neuron correct answerskey to transmitting information, carries
electrical impulses, receive process transmit
Synaptic gap correct answersspace between the cell membrane of an
axon terminal and of the target cell with which it synapses
Synapse correct answerspermits a neuron to pass an electrical or
chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell
Neurotransmitters correct answerschemical messengers which transmits
signals across a chemical synapse from one neuron to another "target"
neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell
Dendritic spread correct answersneurons form new dendritic trees and
branches to create new synapses as cell becomes more active and receives
more stimulation from other cells
Myelination correct answersprocess of coating the axon of each neuron
with a fatty coating called the myelin, not fully developed at birth
Myelin Sheath correct answerslipid-rich (fatty) substance that surrounds the
nerve cell axons to insulate them and increase the rate information is
passed along the axon
Reflexes correct answersautomatic, involuntary, innate response to a
sensory stimulus
Rooting reflex correct answersautomatically turn the face toward the
stimulus and make sucking motions with the mouth when check or lip is
touched
Grasping reflex correct answerswhen object is placed in infants hand and
the palm is stroked, the fingers will close
Moro reflex correct answersresponse to a sudden loss of support, arms are
spread then pulled in and crying
Babinski reflex correct answerstoes are fanned out when sole of foot has
been firmly stroked
Corpus callosum correct answersthe large band of neural fibers
connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between
them
Theories correct answersorganized set of ideas that are designed
to explain development
Need for theories correct answersprovide a theoretical framework
and influence questions asked and interpretation of findings
What theoretical perspective/framework does correct answersasks questions
about CS, interprets CS's behaviors, understands influences of systems,
intervention approach taken
Associative learning correct answersideas reinforce each other and can be
linked to one another
Classical conditioning correct answerscondition people to respond a
certain way with the stimulus, Pavlov and Watson
Operant conditioning correct answersconsequences of a behavior determine
whether it is repeated
Reinforcement correct answersincreases the future likelihood
behavior Punishment correct answersdecreases the future
likelihood behavior
Social Learning Theory correct answersbehaviors can be acquired by
observing and imitating others, modeling, learning ability is innate,
Bandura
Modeling correct answersnot imitation, helps us understand how to
behave
Maturational-developmental Theory correct answerseveryone goes through
the same stages or consequences of growth but at their own unique pace
Pacing influenced by internal factors correct answersphysical & mental
development, personality, genetics, temperament
Pacing influenced by external factors correct answersparenting
styles, peers, environment, culture
Contextualism correct answersbehavior must be assessed in the context of
the culture in which the behavior occurs
, Brofenbrenner Diagram correct answerssystems develop and all interact,
individual in the middle to outward
Cephalocaudal correct answershead
to toe Proximaldistal correct
answersinside out
Neuron correct answerskey to transmitting information, carries
electrical impulses, receive process transmit
Synaptic gap correct answersspace between the cell membrane of an
axon terminal and of the target cell with which it synapses
Synapse correct answerspermits a neuron to pass an electrical or
chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell
Neurotransmitters correct answerschemical messengers which transmits
signals across a chemical synapse from one neuron to another "target"
neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell
Dendritic spread correct answersneurons form new dendritic trees and
branches to create new synapses as cell becomes more active and receives
more stimulation from other cells
Myelination correct answersprocess of coating the axon of each neuron
with a fatty coating called the myelin, not fully developed at birth
Myelin Sheath correct answerslipid-rich (fatty) substance that surrounds the
nerve cell axons to insulate them and increase the rate information is
passed along the axon
Reflexes correct answersautomatic, involuntary, innate response to a
sensory stimulus
Rooting reflex correct answersautomatically turn the face toward the
stimulus and make sucking motions with the mouth when check or lip is
touched
Grasping reflex correct answerswhen object is placed in infants hand and
the palm is stroked, the fingers will close
Moro reflex correct answersresponse to a sudden loss of support, arms are
spread then pulled in and crying
Babinski reflex correct answerstoes are fanned out when sole of foot has
been firmly stroked
Corpus callosum correct answersthe large band of neural fibers
connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between
them
