Chapter 12: Skin, Hair and Nails NCLEX Questions Test Bank+ Elsevier questions and solutions

Chapter 12: Skin, Hair and Nails NCLEX
Questions Test Bank+ Elsevier questions and
solutions
The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the epidermal layer of
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skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The epidermis is:
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a. Highly vascular.
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b. Thick and tough.
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c. Thin and nonstratified.
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d. Replaced every 4 weeks. - answersd. Replaced every 4 weeks.
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The epidermis is thin yet tough, replaced every 4 weeks, avascular, and stratified into several zones.
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The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the dermis layer of skin.
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Which of these statements would be included in the module? The dermis:
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a. Contains mostly fat cells.
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b. Consists mostly of keratin.
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c. Is replaced every 4 weeks.
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d. Contains sensory receptors. - answersd. Contains sensory receptors.
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The dermis consists mostly of collagen, has resilient elastic tissue that allows the skin to stretch, and
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contains nerves, sensory receptors, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It is not replaced every 4
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weeks.
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The nurse is examining a patient who tells the nurse, I sure sweat a lot, especially on my face and feet
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but it doesnt have an odor. The nurse knows that this condition could be related to:
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a. Eccrine glands.
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b. Apocrine glands.
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c. Disorder of the stratum corneum.
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d. Disorder of the stratum germinativum. - answersa. Eccrine glands.
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,The eccrine glands are coiled tubules that directly open onto the skin surface and produce a dilute
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saline solution called sweat. Apocrine glands are primarily located in the axillae, anogenital area,
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nipples, and naval area and mix with bacterial flora to produce the characteristic musky body odor.
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The patients statement is not related to disorders of the stratum corneum or the stratum
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germinativum.
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A newborn infant is in the clinic for a well-baby checkup. The nurse observes the infant for the
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possibility of fluid loss because of which of these factors?
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a. Subcutaneous fat deposits are high in the newborn.
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b. Sebaceous glands are overproductive in the newborn.
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c. The newborns skin is more permeable than that of the adult.
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d. The amount of vernix caseosa dramatically rises in the newborn. - answersc. The newborns skin is
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more permeable than that of the adult.
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The newborns skin is thin, smooth, and elastic and is relatively more permeable than that of the adult;
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consequently, the infant is at greater risk for fluid loss. The subcutaneous layer in the infant is
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inefficient, not thick, and the sebaceous glands are present but decrease in size and production.
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Vernix caseosa is not produced after birth.
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The nurse is bathing an 80-year-old man and notices that his skin is wrinkled, thin, lax, and dry. This
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finding would be related to which factor in the older adult?
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a. Increased vascularity of the skin
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b. Increased numbers of sweat and sebaceous glands
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c. An increase in elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat
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d. An increased loss of elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat - answersd. An increased loss of
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elastin and a decrease in subcutaneous fat
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An accumulation of factors place the aging person at risk for skin disease and breakdown: the thinning
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of the skin, a decrease in vascularity and nutrients, the loss of protective cushioning of the
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subcutaneous layer, a lifetime of environmental trauma to skin, the social changes of aging, a
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increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and the chance of immobility.
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During the aging process, the hair can look gray or white and begin to feel thin and fine. The nurse
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knows that this occurs because of a decrease in the number of functioning:
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a. Metrocytes.
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b. Fungacytes.
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c. Phagocytes.
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testbanks_and_xanax

, d. Melanocytes. - answersd. Melanocytes.
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In the aging hair matrix, the number of functioning melanocytes decreases; as a result, the hair looks
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gray or white and feels thin and fine. The other options are not correct.
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During an examination, the nurse finds that a patient has excessive dryness of the skin. The best term
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to describe this condition is:
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a. Xerosis.
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b. Pruritus.
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c. Alopecia.
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d. Seborrhea. - answersa. Xerosis.
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Xerosis is the term used to describe skin that is excessively dry. Pruritus refers to itching, alopecia
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refers to hair loss, and seborrhea refers to oily skin.
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A 22-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of severe sunburn and states, I was out in the sun
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for just a couple of minutes. The nurse begins a medication review with her, paying special attention to
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which medication class?
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a. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for pain
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b. Tetracyclines for acne
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c. Proton pump inhibitors for heartburn
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d. Thyroid replacement hormone for hypothyroidism - answersb. Tetracyclines for acne
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Drugs that may increase sunlight sensitivity and give a burn response include sulfonamides, thiazide
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diuretics, oral hypoglycemic agents, and tetracycline.
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A woman is leaving on a trip to Hawaii and has come in for a checkup. During the examination the
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nurse learns that she has diabetes and takes oral hypoglycemic agents. The patient needs to be
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concerned about which possible effect of her medications?
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a. Increased possibility of bruising
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b. Skin sensitivity as a result of exposure to salt water
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c. Lack of availability of glucose-monitoring supplies
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d. Importance of sunscreen and avoiding direct sunlight - answersd. Importance of sunscreen and
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avoiding direct sunlight
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