AQA GCSE COMBINED SCIENCE PHYSICS - PAPER 2
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
What is momentum? -Answer...How much 'oomph' an object has
All moving objects have it
The momentum of one thing is always equal to the momentum of another
thing e.g. a skateboarder has the same momentum as the skateboard
Equation for Momentum -Answer...Momentum (kg m/s) = mass (kg) x
velocity (m/s)
p=mv
What is the conservation of momentum? -Answer...In a closed system, the
total momentum before an event is the same as after the event
Wave -Answer...something that transfers energy from one place to another
transverse waves -Answer...The vibrations are perpendicular (at right angles)
to the direction of energy transfer
- direction of energy transfer is sideways - but *oscillations* are up and down
examples of transverse waves -Answer...- electromagnetic waves e.g light
- Ripples and waves in water
longitudinal waves -Answer...The oscillations are parallel to the direction of
energy transfer
,examples of longitudinal waves -Answer...sound waves e.g ultrasound
Explain the differences between the properties of the sound waves produced
by the motor and the water waves in the ripple tank -Answer...Sound waves
are longitudinal, in longitudinal waves the oscillations are parallel to the
direction of energy transfer
Water waves are transverse. In transverse waves, the oscillations are
perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
Explain why the light is refracted -Answer...Because light travels more slowly
(in the glass block than in the air) so it changes direction
Compression -Answer...regions where the air particles are very close together
Rarefaction -Answer...regions where the air particles are spaced out
wave speed equation -Answer...wave speed (m/s) = frequency (H/z) x
wavelength (m)
V=fλ
amplitude -Answer...The amplitude of a wave is the greatest distance a point
on the wave moves from its undisturbed postion
wavelength -Answer...The wavelength of a wave is the distance from a point
on one way to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave
, measure wavelength on longitudinal waves -Answer...measure from one
compression to the next compression or from one rarefaction to the next
rarefaction
frequency -Answer...the number of waves passing a point each second
1 Hz = 1 wave per second
period -Answer...time (in seconds) for one wave to pass a point
equation for period -Answer...period = 1/frequency (H/z)
What is the speed of sound in air? -Answer...330m/s
measuring the speed of water ripples practical -Answer...use signal generator
attached to dipper of ripple tank - can create water waves at set frequency
use strobe light to see wave crests on a screen below the tank
increase frequency of strobe light until wave pattern on the screen appears to
freeze and stop moving.
Distance between each shadow line is equal to one wavelength
Measure the distance between shadow lines that are 10 wavelength apart,
then divide this distance by 10 to find the average wavelength
use V = f λ
strobe is effective because -Answer...it allows you to measure a still pattern
instead of a constantly moving one
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2024
What is momentum? -Answer...How much 'oomph' an object has
All moving objects have it
The momentum of one thing is always equal to the momentum of another
thing e.g. a skateboarder has the same momentum as the skateboard
Equation for Momentum -Answer...Momentum (kg m/s) = mass (kg) x
velocity (m/s)
p=mv
What is the conservation of momentum? -Answer...In a closed system, the
total momentum before an event is the same as after the event
Wave -Answer...something that transfers energy from one place to another
transverse waves -Answer...The vibrations are perpendicular (at right angles)
to the direction of energy transfer
- direction of energy transfer is sideways - but *oscillations* are up and down
examples of transverse waves -Answer...- electromagnetic waves e.g light
- Ripples and waves in water
longitudinal waves -Answer...The oscillations are parallel to the direction of
energy transfer
,examples of longitudinal waves -Answer...sound waves e.g ultrasound
Explain the differences between the properties of the sound waves produced
by the motor and the water waves in the ripple tank -Answer...Sound waves
are longitudinal, in longitudinal waves the oscillations are parallel to the
direction of energy transfer
Water waves are transverse. In transverse waves, the oscillations are
perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
Explain why the light is refracted -Answer...Because light travels more slowly
(in the glass block than in the air) so it changes direction
Compression -Answer...regions where the air particles are very close together
Rarefaction -Answer...regions where the air particles are spaced out
wave speed equation -Answer...wave speed (m/s) = frequency (H/z) x
wavelength (m)
V=fλ
amplitude -Answer...The amplitude of a wave is the greatest distance a point
on the wave moves from its undisturbed postion
wavelength -Answer...The wavelength of a wave is the distance from a point
on one way to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave
, measure wavelength on longitudinal waves -Answer...measure from one
compression to the next compression or from one rarefaction to the next
rarefaction
frequency -Answer...the number of waves passing a point each second
1 Hz = 1 wave per second
period -Answer...time (in seconds) for one wave to pass a point
equation for period -Answer...period = 1/frequency (H/z)
What is the speed of sound in air? -Answer...330m/s
measuring the speed of water ripples practical -Answer...use signal generator
attached to dipper of ripple tank - can create water waves at set frequency
use strobe light to see wave crests on a screen below the tank
increase frequency of strobe light until wave pattern on the screen appears to
freeze and stop moving.
Distance between each shadow line is equal to one wavelength
Measure the distance between shadow lines that are 10 wavelength apart,
then divide this distance by 10 to find the average wavelength
use V = f λ
strobe is effective because -Answer...it allows you to measure a still pattern
instead of a constantly moving one
