HESI Pharmacology Final Practicen

HESI Pharmacology Final Practice
A28client28is28receiving28clonidine28(Catapres)280.128mg/24hr28via28transdermal28p
atch.28Which28assessment28finding28indicates28that28the28desired28effect28of28the2
8medication28has28been28achieved?
28A.28Client28denies28recent28episodes28of28angina.
28B.28Change28in28peripheral28edema28from28+328to28+1.
28C.28Client28denies28recent28nausea28or28vomiting.
D.28Blood28pressure28has28changed28from28180/12028to28140/70.28Correct28-
28Catapres28acts28as28a28centrally-
acting28analgesic28and28antihypertensive28agent.28(D)28indicates28a28reduction28i
n28hypertension.28Catapres28does28not28affect28(A,28B,28or28C),28so28these28finding
s28do28not28indicate28desired28outcomes28of28Catapres

After28abdominal28surgery,28a28male28client28is28prescribed28low28molecular28weigh
t28heparin28(LMWH).28During28administration28of28the28medication,28the28client28as
ks28the28nurse28why28he28is28receiving28this28medication.28Which28is28the28best28res
ponse28for28the28nurse28to28provide?
28A.28This28medication28is28a28blood28thinner28given28to28prevent28blood28clot28formation.
28Correct
28B.28This28medication28enhances28antibiotics28to28prevent28infection.
28C.28This28medication28dissolves28any28clots28that28develop28in28the28legs.28Incorrect
28D.28This28abdominal28injection28assists28in28the28healing28of28the28abdominal28woun
d.28-
28Unfractionated28heparin28or28low28molecular28weight28heparin28(LMWH)28is28an28anti
coagulant28that28inhibits28thrombin-
mediated28conversion28of28fibrinogen28to28fibrin28and28is28given28prophylactically2
8to28prevent28postoperative28venous28thrombosis28(A)28or28to28treat28pulmonary28embo
lism28or28deep28vein28thrombosis28following28knee28and28abdominal28surgeries.28Hepa
rin28does28not28dissolve28clots28but28prevents28clot28extension28or28further28clot28f
ormation28(C).28The28anticoagulant28heparin28does28not28prevent28infection28(B)28or2
8influence28operative28wound28healing28(D).


A28client28with28coronary28artery28disease28who28is28taking28digoxin28(Lanoxin)28rec
eives28a28new28prescription28for28atorvastatin28(Lipitor).28Two28weeks28after28init
iation28of28the28Lipitor28prescription,28the28nurse28assesses28the28client.28Which28f
inding28requires28the28most28immediate28intervention?
28A.28Heartburn.
28B.28Headache.
28C.28Constipation.
28D.28Vomiting.28Correct28-
28Vomiting,28anorexia28and28abdominal28pain28are28early28indications28of28digitalis2
8toxicity.28Since28Lipitor28increases28the28risk28for28digitalis28toxicity,28this28fi
nding28requires28the28most28immediate28intervention28by28the28nurse28(D).28(A,28B28an

,d28C)28are28expected28side28effects28of28Lipitor

A28client28with28heart28failure28is28prescribed28spironolactone28(Aldactone).28Whic
h28information28is28most28important28for28the28nurse28to28provide28to28the28client28ab
out28diet28modifications?
28Do28not28add28salt28to28foods28during28preparation.
28Refrain28for28eating28foods28high28in28potassium.28Correct
28Restrict28fluid28intake28to28100028ml28per28day.

,28Increase28intake28of28milk28and28milk28products.28-
28Spironolactone28(Aldactone),28an28aldosterone28antagonist,28is28a28potassium-
sparing28diuretic,28so28a28diet28high28in28potassium28should28be28avoided28(B),28inclu
ding28potassium28salt28substitutes,28which28can28lead28to28hyperkalemia.
Although28(A)28is28a28common28diet28modification28in28heart28failure,28the28risk28of
28hyperkalemia28is28more28important28with28Aldactone.28Restriction28of28fluids28(C
)28or28increasing28milk28and28milk28products28(D)28are28not28indicated28with28this28
prescription.

A28client28with28a28dysrhythmia28is28to28receive28procainamide28(Pronestyl)28in28428
divided28doses28over28the28next282428hours.28What28dosing28schedule28is28best28for28
the28nurse28to28implement?
28q6h.28Correct
28QID.
28AC28and28bedtime.
28PC28and28bedtime.28-
28Pronestyl28is28a28class281A28antidysrhythmic.28It28should28be28taken28around-28the-
clock28(A)28so28that28a28stable28blood28level28of28the28drug28can28be28maintained,28the
reby28decreasing28the28possibility28of28hypotension28(an28adverse28effect)28occurri
ng28because28of28too28much28of28the28drug28circulating28systemically28at28any28partic
ular28time28of28day.28(B,28C,28and28D)28do28not28provide28an28around-the-
clock28dosing28schedule.28Pronestyl28may28be28given28with28food28if28GI28distress28is28
a28problem,28but28an28around-the-clock28schedule28should28still28be28maintained.

A28client28who28was28prescribed28atorvastatin28(Lipitor)28one28month28ago28calls28the
28triage28nurse28at28the28clinic28complaining28of28muscle28pain28and28weakness28in28h
is28legs.28Which28statement28reflects28the28correct28drug-
specific28teaching28the28nurse28should28provide28to28this28client?


A.28Increase28consumption28of28potassium-
rich28foods28since28low28potassium28levels28can28cause28muscle28spasms.


B.28Have28serum28electrolytes28checked28at28the28next28scheduled28appointment28to28assess
28hyponatremia,28a28cause28of28cramping.




C.28Make28an28appointment28to28see28the28healthcare28provider,28because28muscle28pai
n28may28be28an28indication28of28a28serious28side28effect.28Correct


D.28Be28sure28to28consume28a28low-
cholesterol28diet28while28taking28the28drug28to28enhance28the28effectiveness28of28the
28drug.28-

, 28Myopathy,28suggested28by28the28leg28pain28and28weakness,28is28a28serious,28and28pote
ntially28life-
threatening,28complication28of28Lipitor,28and28should28be28evaluated28immediately28b
y28the28healthcare28provider28(C).28Although28electrolyte28imbalances28such28as28(A28
or28B)28can28cause28muscle28spasms28in28some28cases,28this28is28not28the28likely28cause
28of28leg28pain28in28the28client28receiving28Lipitor,28and28evaluation28by28the28healt
hcare28provider28should28not28be28delayed28for28any28reason.28A28low-
cholesterol28diet28is28recommended28for28those28taking28Lipitor28since28the28drug28is
28used28to28lower28total28cholesterol28(D),28but28diet28is28not28related28to28the28leg28
pain28symptom.