questions and answers RATED A+ 2025/26
REVISED EDITION
A patient is defined as - Correct Answers A person who has a complaint or mechanism
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suggestive of potential illness or injury; A person who has obvious evidence of illness or injury; or
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A person identified by an informed 2nd or 3rd party caller as requiring evaluation for potential
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illness or injury
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II! Pediatric patient considerations - Correct Answers For patients < 18 yo, use the Pediatric Patient
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II! Destination protocol; Pediatric treatment protocols are to be used on children who have not yet
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II! experienced puberty. II!
II! Signs of puberty include - Correct Answers chest or underarm hair on males, and any breast
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II! development in females. II! II!
II! General Adult Assessment - Correct Answers 1. Scene safety / scene size up; NOI/MOI; PPE/BSI;
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II! Bring all equipment to patients side
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2. Level of consciousness -> unresponsive -> check pulse-> none -> Cardiac arrest
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Airway -> sigs of compromised or non protecting -> Ventilation management
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Breathing -> inadequate or resp. distress -> Resp. Distress II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Circulation -> bleeding -> General trauma II! II! II! II! II!
Disability -> Altered or confused -> altered mental status/syncope
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3. History - HPI & AMPLE
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Vital signs and physical exam
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blood glucose testing if indicated
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,Special treatment protocol as indicated
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Cervical Stabilization as indicated II! II! II!
Comfort measures (splint, position of comfort)
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Vascular access as indicated II! II! II!
Oxygen therapy to keep SPO2 > 94%
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4. Radio contact for all trauma center patients, Code 3 returns, need for telemetry physician & as
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per protocol
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Transport per Disposition Criteria if applicable II! II! II! II! II! II!
*Transport to closest facility for Airway emergencies (inability to adequately ventilate)
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II! Disposition for patients sustaining traumatic injuries - Correct Answers transported in
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II! accordance with the Trauma Field Triage Criteria Protocol II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
II! Disposition for patients sustaining burn injuries - Correct Answers Transported in accordance
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II! with the Burns Protocol
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II! Disposition for pediatric patients (<18 y/o) - Correct Answers Transported in accordance with
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II! the Pediatric Destination protocol
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II! Disposition for patients with evidence of stroke - Correct Answers Transported in accordance
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II! with the Stroke (CVA) protocol
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II! Disposition for sexual assault victims < 13 y/o - Correct Answers Transported to Sunrise Hospital
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II! Disposition for sexual assault victims 13-18 y/o - Correct Answers Transported to Sunrise
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II! Hospital or UMC II! II!
II! Disposition for sexual assault victims 18 y/o and older - Correct Answers transported to UMC
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,II! Disposition for sexual assault victims outside a 50-mile radius from the above facilities - Correct
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II! Answers Transported to the nearest appropriate facility
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II! Disposition for stable patients - Correct Answers Transported to the hospital of their choice, if
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II! the patient has no preference the patient should be transported to the nearest appropriate
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II! facility
II! Disposition for patients outside a 50 mile radius from the protocol designated transport
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II! destinations - Correct Answers The licensee providing emergency medical care shall transport
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II! the patient to the nearest appropriate facility
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II! Waiting room criteria - Correct Answers Upon arrival in the ED, if transfer of care has not
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II! occurred in accordance with NRS 450B.790, any patient, excluding patients on a legal psychiatric
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II! hold, meeting ALL criteria may be placed in a waiting room
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1. Normal vital signs
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Heart rate 60-100 II! II!
Respiratory rate 10-20 II! II!
Systolic BP 100-180 II! II!
Diastolic BP 60-110 II! II!
Room air pulse ox > 94% II! II! II! II! II!
A&Ox4
2. Did not receive any parenteral medications during EMS transport except a single dose of
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analgesia and/or an anti-emetic
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3. In the judgment of the Paramedic, does not require continuous cardiac monitoring
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4. Can maintain a sitting position without adverse impact on their medical condition
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5. Is left with a verbal report to hospital personnel
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, II! Internal disaster - Correct Answers If a hospital declares internal disaster, that facility is to be
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II! bypassed for all patients except patients in cardiac arrest or in whom the ability to adequately
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Operational exceptions may be initiated in regard to transport to hospitals on internal disaster.
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II! General Adult Trauma Assessment - Correct Answers 1. General Adult assessment; cervical
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II! stabilization
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<8 Ventilation management BVM if O2 sat < 94%
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>8 Oxygen Keep SPO2 > 94%
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3. Palpable radial pulse>
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No -> vascular access, 1 L NS or LR bolus
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Yes -> Vascular access II! II! II!
4. Secondary survey:
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Suspected tension pneumothorax -> Paramedic II! II! II! II!
Sucking chest wound -> apply 3-sided occlusive dressing
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Control active hemorrhage -> Hemorrhage controlII! II! II! II! II! II!
Obvious fractures -> Immobilize fractures; assess distal pulse
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Suspected traumatic brain injury -> Raise head of bed 30 degrees II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!
Open wounds -> cover with gauze; wet trauma dressing for abdominal evisceration
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5. Transport and radio contact to appropriate trauma center based on TFTC
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II! General Adult Trauma History - Correct Answers Time and mechanism of injury
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damage to structure or vehicle II! II! II! II!
location in structure or vehicle II! II! II! II!
other injured or dead II! II! II!
speed and details of MVC II! II! II! II!