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Samenvatting Zwangerschap, arbeid & bevalling 2; Vroedkundige aspecten

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Dit is een samenvatting van de vroedkundige aspecten, gegeven binnen het vak Vroedvrouw tijdens zwangerschap, arbeid en bevalling 2

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ZWANGERSCHAP, ARBEID & BEVALLING 2

Inhoud
1. MAS................................................................................................................................ 6
1.1 Meconiaal vruchtwater..............................................................................................6
1.1.1 Definitie............................................................................................................... 6
1.1.2 Prevalentie.......................................................................................................... 6
1.1.3 Diagnose............................................................................................................. 7
1.1.4 Risico’s voor moeder & kind................................................................................7
1.2 Meconiumaspiratiesyndroom.....................................................................................7
1.2.1 Definitie............................................................................................................... 7
1.2.2 Prevalentie.......................................................................................................... 7
1.2.3 Etiologie............................................................................................................... 7
1.2.4 Risicofactoren...................................................................................................... 7
1.2.5 Beleid.................................................................................................................. 7
2. VBAC............................................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Definitie & cijfers....................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Slaagkansen.............................................................................................................. 8
2.3 Voorwaarden VBAC.................................................................................................... 8
2.4 Contra-indicaties VBAC..............................................................................................9
2.5 VBAC vs electieve repeat sectio................................................................................9
2.6 Inductie & stimulatie.................................................................................................. 9
2.7 Beleid........................................................................................................................ 9
3. Afwijkende liggingen....................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Kruinligging............................................................................................................... 9
3.1.1 Kenmerken.......................................................................................................... 9
3.1.2 Oorzaken............................................................................................................. 9
3.1.3 Diagnose............................................................................................................. 9
3.1.4 Baringsmechanisme............................................................................................ 9
3.1.5 Complicaties...................................................................................................... 10
3.1.6 Beleid................................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Voorhoofdsligging.................................................................................................... 10
3.2.1 Kenmerken........................................................................................................ 10
3.2.2 Oorzaken........................................................................................................... 10
3.2.3 Diagnose........................................................................................................... 10
3.2.4 Baringsmechanisme.......................................................................................... 10
3.2.5 Complicaties...................................................................................................... 10
3.1.6 Beleid................................................................................................................ 10
3.3 Aangezichtsligging................................................................................................... 11


1
Vroedkundige aspecten

,ZWANGERSCHAP, ARBEID & BEVALLING 2
3.3.1 Kenmerken........................................................................................................ 11
3.3.2 Oorzaken........................................................................................................... 11
3.3.3 Diagnose........................................................................................................... 11
3.3.4 Baringsmechanisme.......................................................................................... 11
3.3.5 Complicaties...................................................................................................... 11
3.3.6 Beleid................................................................................................................ 11
3.4 Hoge rechtstand...................................................................................................... 11
3.4.1 Kenmerken........................................................................................................ 11
3.4.2 Oorzaken........................................................................................................... 11
3.4.3 Diagnose........................................................................................................... 12
3.4.4 Baringsmechanisme.......................................................................................... 12
3.1.5 Beleid................................................................................................................ 12
3.5 Diepe dwarsstand.................................................................................................... 12
3.5.1 Kenmerken........................................................................................................ 12
3.5.2 Oorzaken........................................................................................................... 12
3.5.3 Diagnose........................................................................................................... 12
3.5.4 Baringsmechanisme.......................................................................................... 12
3.5.5 Beleid................................................................................................................ 12
4. Stuitligging................................................................................................................... 13
4.1 Definitie................................................................................................................... 13
4.2 Soorten.................................................................................................................... 13
4.2.1 Volkomen stuitligging........................................................................................13
4.2.2 Onvolkomen stuitligging....................................................................................13
4.2.3 Voetligging........................................................................................................ 13
4.2.4 Knieligging......................................................................................................... 14
4.2.5 Half onvolkomen stuit........................................................................................14
4.3 Diagnose.................................................................................................................. 14
4.3.1 Anamnese.......................................................................................................... 14
4.3.2 Inspectie............................................................................................................ 14
4.3.3 Handgrepen van Leopold...................................................................................14
4.3.4 Auscultatie......................................................................................................... 14
4.3.5 Vaginaal onderzoek........................................................................................... 14
4.3.6 Ultrasoon onderzoek.......................................................................................... 14
4.4 Baringsmechanisme (Sslv).......................................................................................14
4.4.1 Geboorte van de stuit........................................................................................14
4.4.2 Geboorte van de schouders...............................................................................15
4.4.3 Geboorte van het hoofd.....................................................................................15
4.5 Complicaties............................................................................................................ 15


2
Vroedkundige aspecten

,ZWANGERSCHAP, ARBEID & BEVALLING 2
4.6 Beleid...................................................................................................................... 16
4.6.1 Begeleiding tijdens de ontsluitingsfase..............................................................16
4.6.2 Begeleiding van de uitdrijvingsfase...................................................................16
4.7 Handgrepen............................................................................................................. 17
4.7.1 Handgreep van Bracht.......................................................................................17
4.7.2 Schouderontwikkeling volgens Müller................................................................17
4.7.3 Schouderontwikkeling volgens Lövset...............................................................18
4.7.4 Klassieke schouderontwikkeling........................................................................18
4.7.5 Handgreep van Mauriceau.................................................................................18
5. Twin.............................................................................................................................. 19
5.1 Incidentie................................................................................................................. 19
5.2 Soorten.................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 Predisponerende factoren........................................................................................ 19
5.4 Diagnose.................................................................................................................. 19
5.4.1 Subjectieve symptomen....................................................................................19
5.4.2 Positieve discongruentie....................................................................................20
5.4.3 Uitwendige palpatie........................................................................................... 20
5.4.4 Auscultatie van de foetale harttonen.................................................................20
5.4.5 Echografie......................................................................................................... 20
5.4.6 Biochemische testen......................................................................................... 20
5.5 Diagnose van type tweeling.....................................................................................20
5.6 Liggingen................................................................................................................. 21
5.7 Complicaties tijdens zwangerschap.........................................................................21
5.7.1 Anemie.............................................................................................................. 21
5.7.2 Groeirestrictie.................................................................................................... 21
5.7.3 Prematuriteit..................................................................................................... 21
5.7.4 Vroegtijdig breken van de vliezen.....................................................................21
5.7.5 Intra-uteriene vruchtdood..................................................................................21
5.7.6 Polyhydramnion................................................................................................. 21
5.7.7 Vasculaire communicatie tussen foetussen bij monochoriale tweeling..............21
5.8 Beleid bij meerlingbevalling.....................................................................................22
5.8.1 Complicaties tijdens arbeid en bevalling...........................................................22
5.8.2 Begeleiding tijdens ontsluitingsfase..................................................................22
5.8.3 Begeleiding tijdens uitdrijvingsfase...................................................................22
6. Schouderdystocie......................................................................................................... 23
6.1 Definitie................................................................................................................... 23
6.2 Mechanisme............................................................................................................. 24
6.3 Morbiditeit............................................................................................................... 24


3
Vroedkundige aspecten

, ZWANGERSCHAP, ARBEID & BEVALLING 2
6.3.1 Gevolgen voor het kind......................................................................................24
6.3.2 Gevolgen voor de mama...................................................................................24
6.4 Risicofactoren.......................................................................................................... 24
6.5 Preventie................................................................................................................. 25
6.6 Beleid bij schouderdystocie.....................................................................................25
6.7 HELPERR.................................................................................................................. 25
6.7.1 Hulp inroepen.................................................................................................... 25
6.7.2 Episiotomie........................................................................................................ 25
6.7.3 Legs................................................................................................................... 25
6.7.4 Pressure............................................................................................................. 25
6.7.5 Enter.................................................................................................................. 25
6.7.6 Remove posterior arm.......................................................................................26
6.7.7 Roll the patiënt.................................................................................................. 26
6.8 Laatste noodingrepen.............................................................................................. 26
6.9 Postpartum.............................................................................................................. 26
7. Uitwendige versie......................................................................................................... 26
7.1 Definitie................................................................................................................... 26
7.2 Tijdstip..................................................................................................................... 26
7.3 Voorwaarden........................................................................................................... 26
7.4 Beïnvloedende factoren voor externe versie...........................................................27
7.4.1 Maternale factoren............................................................................................ 27
7.4.2 Foetale factoren................................................................................................ 27
7.5 Contra-indicaties...................................................................................................... 27
7.6 Techniek.................................................................................................................. 27
7.7 Taak van de vroedvrouw......................................................................................... 28
7.7.1 Voorbereiding.................................................................................................... 28
7.7.2 Tijdens uitwendige kering..................................................................................28
7.7.3 Nazorg............................................................................................................... 28
7.8 Complicaties............................................................................................................ 28
7.8.1 Voor de foetus................................................................................................... 28
7.8.2 Voor de moeder................................................................................................. 28
8. Mors in utero................................................................................................................. 29
8.1 Definitie & incidentie............................................................................................... 29
8.2 Onderzoeken prenataal........................................................................................... 29
8.3 Aandachtspunten partus.......................................................................................... 30
8.4 Onderzoeken postnataal.......................................................................................... 30
8.5 Aandachtspunten paramedisch & pschologisch.......................................................30
8.6 Aandachtspunten volgende zwangerschap..............................................................30


4
Vroedkundige aspecten

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