PHTY1023 Heat and Cold Therapy Exam Questions and
Correct Answers (100%COMPLETE ANSWERS)
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Hunting reaction - ANSWER-Superficial cutaneous blood flow decreases during first minutes of cold
application due to vasoconstriction.
After 5-10 mins, vasodilation occurs.
May last 15 mins before vasoconstriction occurs again.
Alternate vasoconstriction/dilation = Hunting reaction
Thought to be a mechanism to prevent tissue damage from prolonged cooling and ischemia
Cryotherapy & tissue metabolism. - ANSWER--↓metabolic rate
2 sources of damge in acute injury
-from primary injury (cell death, blood supply disruption)
-secondary hypoxia & post trauma enzyme activity
Cooling increases survival chance of cells by ↓metabolic demand and ↓ necrotic enzyme release.
-also reduces oedema, reducing secondary damage
Cryotherapy and PNS - ANSWER--reduces conduction velocity
-Fast pain slowed more than slower chronic pain receptors.
-reduced motor skill
-reduced motor nerve conduction
-effects depend on amount and duration of cooling & may differ with pathology
Therapeutic uses of cryotherapy - ANSWER--Recent injuries
-Relief of pain
-Treatment of acute injury
-Postoperative uses
-Relief of muscle spasms
-Treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions
, -Treatment of oedema
Recent injury and cryotherapy - ANSWER-Decreases inflammatory response via vasoconstriction and
increasing viscosity of blood.
Combined with pressure over wound→homeostasis
↓pain due to ↓inflammatory response
Pain and cryotherapy - ANSWER-Proposed to decrease pain via several mechanisms
-decreased neural conduction velocity
-↓release of pain irritants (↓inflm. response)
-Action on "pain-gate" mechanism
-Release of endorphins and encephalins
2 ways tissue injury may occur with cryotherapy. - ANSWER-Excessive cold causing damage to normal
tissue.
Normal local cooling causing damage due to a predisposing pathological condition.
Excessive local cold on normal tissue. - ANSWER-Ice burn
-Mild: erythema and skin tenderness a few hours after treatment
-Severe: fatty necrosis. Bruising and more tenderness. Can last up to 3 weeks.
Peripheral nerve damage.
Extreme cold can cause cell death.
Slower extreme cooling can lead to ECF freezing and drawing water from cells → frost bite.
Reduced peripheral vascular supply. - ANSWER-Peripheral vascular disease, vasospasm, blockages or
pressure caused by posture.
Restricted blood supply ↑ risk of tissue damge in crytherapy.
Rate of perfusion ↓ so oxygenation of cells can be affected.
Correct Answers (100%COMPLETE ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+ 100% satisfaction guaranteed
Hunting reaction - ANSWER-Superficial cutaneous blood flow decreases during first minutes of cold
application due to vasoconstriction.
After 5-10 mins, vasodilation occurs.
May last 15 mins before vasoconstriction occurs again.
Alternate vasoconstriction/dilation = Hunting reaction
Thought to be a mechanism to prevent tissue damage from prolonged cooling and ischemia
Cryotherapy & tissue metabolism. - ANSWER--↓metabolic rate
2 sources of damge in acute injury
-from primary injury (cell death, blood supply disruption)
-secondary hypoxia & post trauma enzyme activity
Cooling increases survival chance of cells by ↓metabolic demand and ↓ necrotic enzyme release.
-also reduces oedema, reducing secondary damage
Cryotherapy and PNS - ANSWER--reduces conduction velocity
-Fast pain slowed more than slower chronic pain receptors.
-reduced motor skill
-reduced motor nerve conduction
-effects depend on amount and duration of cooling & may differ with pathology
Therapeutic uses of cryotherapy - ANSWER--Recent injuries
-Relief of pain
-Treatment of acute injury
-Postoperative uses
-Relief of muscle spasms
-Treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions
, -Treatment of oedema
Recent injury and cryotherapy - ANSWER-Decreases inflammatory response via vasoconstriction and
increasing viscosity of blood.
Combined with pressure over wound→homeostasis
↓pain due to ↓inflammatory response
Pain and cryotherapy - ANSWER-Proposed to decrease pain via several mechanisms
-decreased neural conduction velocity
-↓release of pain irritants (↓inflm. response)
-Action on "pain-gate" mechanism
-Release of endorphins and encephalins
2 ways tissue injury may occur with cryotherapy. - ANSWER-Excessive cold causing damage to normal
tissue.
Normal local cooling causing damage due to a predisposing pathological condition.
Excessive local cold on normal tissue. - ANSWER-Ice burn
-Mild: erythema and skin tenderness a few hours after treatment
-Severe: fatty necrosis. Bruising and more tenderness. Can last up to 3 weeks.
Peripheral nerve damage.
Extreme cold can cause cell death.
Slower extreme cooling can lead to ECF freezing and drawing water from cells → frost bite.
Reduced peripheral vascular supply. - ANSWER-Peripheral vascular disease, vasospasm, blockages or
pressure caused by posture.
Restricted blood supply ↑ risk of tissue damge in crytherapy.
Rate of perfusion ↓ so oxygenation of cells can be affected.
