NEW YORK REAL ESTATE UNIT 15
INTRO TO CONSTRUCTION EXAM AND
ANSWERS.
ENVELOPE - Answer The components that make up the building (also known as the building
envelope) - roof, walls, and windows - protect occupants from intruders, noises, and the
elements; they can and should be made as energy efficient as possible.
BLUEPRINTS - Answer An architect's or engineer's plan for a building, including floor plan,
dimensions, and specifications, to be followed by the builder.
SPECIFICATIONS - Answer The architect's or engineer's detailed instructions for material used
in construction.
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION - Answer covered with an exterior of brick, stone, wood, vinyl,
or aluminum siding. Wood-frame houses are preferred because they are less expensive than
other kinds of construction, they can be built rapidly, they are easy to insulate, and they allow
flexibility of design.
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES - Answer popular styles include colonial, Georgian, ranch, Cape Cod,
contemporary, split-level, Dutch colonial, French provincial, and Spanish
FOUNDATION - Answer Footings, foundation walls, columns, pilasters, slab, and all other parts
that provide support for a house. Foundations are constructed of cut stone, stone and brick,
concrete block, poured concrete, and even specially treated wood.
CONCRETE SLAB FOUNDATION - Answer Foundation made of poured concrete and steel rod
reinforcement, resting on a waterproof sheet directly on the ground; supported by sunken
concrete beams (footings).
FLOATING SLAB FOUNDATION - Answer Type of concrete slab foundation in which the footings
and slab are poured separately.
SLAB ON GRADE FOUNDATION - Answer Concrete slab poured on prepared earth as a
foundation.
, SILL PLATE - Answer Horizontal supports on top of the foundation., The first component of the
framing, bolted to the foundation walls, supports the building while anchoring it to the
foundation.
CRAWL SPACE - Answer Space too low for standing upright, usually in basement but
occasionally in an attic., A small clearance between the underside of a house and the ground,
usually high enough to crawl through.. It is usually a minimum of 18 inches in height.
BASEMENT - Answer Space wholly or partly below grade, usually not used for living
accommodations.
GIRDER - Answer The heavy beam, wood or steel, that furnishes the main support for the first
floor.
BEAM - Answer Structural member, usually horizontal, used for support.
LALLY BEAM - Answer Upright columns that support the main beams of a building.
STUDS - Answer Upright supports that form a part of the framing wall.
SOLES PLATES - Answer Studs rest on sole plates, which are secured to and rest on the
foundation wall in balloon framing.
HEADER - Answer Horizontal supports above doors and windows.
BEARING WALLS - Answer Solid walls that provide support for each other and for the roof of a
structure.
LINTEL - Answer is a piece of stone, steel, or wood that is used to span the opening and
support the wall above.
PLATFORM FRAMING CONSTRUCTION - Answer Common form of construction for one- and
two-story residential buildings; one floor is built at a time, with the lower floor providing a
platform on which the upper floor is built.
INTRO TO CONSTRUCTION EXAM AND
ANSWERS.
ENVELOPE - Answer The components that make up the building (also known as the building
envelope) - roof, walls, and windows - protect occupants from intruders, noises, and the
elements; they can and should be made as energy efficient as possible.
BLUEPRINTS - Answer An architect's or engineer's plan for a building, including floor plan,
dimensions, and specifications, to be followed by the builder.
SPECIFICATIONS - Answer The architect's or engineer's detailed instructions for material used
in construction.
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION - Answer covered with an exterior of brick, stone, wood, vinyl,
or aluminum siding. Wood-frame houses are preferred because they are less expensive than
other kinds of construction, they can be built rapidly, they are easy to insulate, and they allow
flexibility of design.
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES - Answer popular styles include colonial, Georgian, ranch, Cape Cod,
contemporary, split-level, Dutch colonial, French provincial, and Spanish
FOUNDATION - Answer Footings, foundation walls, columns, pilasters, slab, and all other parts
that provide support for a house. Foundations are constructed of cut stone, stone and brick,
concrete block, poured concrete, and even specially treated wood.
CONCRETE SLAB FOUNDATION - Answer Foundation made of poured concrete and steel rod
reinforcement, resting on a waterproof sheet directly on the ground; supported by sunken
concrete beams (footings).
FLOATING SLAB FOUNDATION - Answer Type of concrete slab foundation in which the footings
and slab are poured separately.
SLAB ON GRADE FOUNDATION - Answer Concrete slab poured on prepared earth as a
foundation.
, SILL PLATE - Answer Horizontal supports on top of the foundation., The first component of the
framing, bolted to the foundation walls, supports the building while anchoring it to the
foundation.
CRAWL SPACE - Answer Space too low for standing upright, usually in basement but
occasionally in an attic., A small clearance between the underside of a house and the ground,
usually high enough to crawl through.. It is usually a minimum of 18 inches in height.
BASEMENT - Answer Space wholly or partly below grade, usually not used for living
accommodations.
GIRDER - Answer The heavy beam, wood or steel, that furnishes the main support for the first
floor.
BEAM - Answer Structural member, usually horizontal, used for support.
LALLY BEAM - Answer Upright columns that support the main beams of a building.
STUDS - Answer Upright supports that form a part of the framing wall.
SOLES PLATES - Answer Studs rest on sole plates, which are secured to and rest on the
foundation wall in balloon framing.
HEADER - Answer Horizontal supports above doors and windows.
BEARING WALLS - Answer Solid walls that provide support for each other and for the roof of a
structure.
LINTEL - Answer is a piece of stone, steel, or wood that is used to span the opening and
support the wall above.
PLATFORM FRAMING CONSTRUCTION - Answer Common form of construction for one- and
two-story residential buildings; one floor is built at a time, with the lower floor providing a
platform on which the upper floor is built.
