Nursing 214-Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
***s/s atypical presentation of pneumonia in older adults
Correct Answers **crackles,
**headaches,
may not cough,
no fever,
**loss of cognitive function/**confusion,
substernal chest pain,
dyspnea, tachypnea, new onset tachycardia,
cyanosis of skin,
**fatigue, lethary, loss of appetite,
**loss physical function,
**myalgias(muscle pain),
shaking chills(rigor)
#1 cause of death in the US Correct Answers Cardiac
conditions
2 types pneumonia Correct Answers 1.community acquired
2.nosocomial
-1st mortality nosocomial 2nd morbidity nosocomial US
33% of older person hospitalization Correct Answers CHF
activity theory Correct Answers sociological
older adults should stay active and engaged to age successfully
aging changes with the heart-NORMAL Correct Answers CO
decreases, decreased number of SA nodes, decreased
responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation (ANS),
,baroreceptors less efficient (detect pressure of blood running
thru them)
angioplasty Correct Answers stent in arteries, needs blood
thinner rest of life to avoid clot around stent
aortic stenosis Correct Answers major cause is calcified
degenerative stenosis,
buildup on aortic valve
decrease CO,
^left ventricular hypertrophy
aortic stenosis diagnosis Correct Answers history-SOB
Physical exam-*murmur of aortic valve*(2nd intercostal space)
*echocardiogram*-makes definitive diagnosis
aortic stenosis treatment Correct Answers anti coagulant
anti hypertensive
mechanical valve
porcine, pig, or human valve replacement-only correction
cardiac catheterization, improve but not correct
aspiration pneumonia Correct Answers aspirated materials-
gastric components, enterobacteriae, blood, liquids
transmission-entry of foreign substance into respiratory tract
chemical irritants-chlorine gas, industrial chemicals,
solvents/pesiticides, fires, handling of grain
asthma Correct Answers --chronic inflammatory disorder of
airways
--chronic inflammation leads to ^airway hyperresponsiveness
, --widespread/variable airflow obstruction
atherosclerosis Correct Answers plaque build up
peripheral ARTERY disease
atrial fibrillation Correct Answers no single place heart beat
starts, not all in SA node
feel fluttering of chest with activity or rest
requires medical evaluation
irregular heartbeat
atrial fibrillation causes Correct Answers untreated
hypertension,
valvular stenosis(stretching atria),
ischemic heart disease/angina,
rapid pulse,
not life threatening but has complications
atrial fibrillation treatment Correct Answers restore rhythm
anti arrhythmic meds
meds to slow ventricular rate
anticoagulant meds(ASA, coumadin, heparin)
internal pacemaker,
*cardiac ablation*-destroy tissue causing abnormal heart rhythm
bacterial pneumonia Correct Answers person-person
streptococcus pneumoniae
staphylococcus aureus
haemophilus influenzae
enterobacteriae (usually w. aspiration pneumonia)
***s/s atypical presentation of pneumonia in older adults
Correct Answers **crackles,
**headaches,
may not cough,
no fever,
**loss of cognitive function/**confusion,
substernal chest pain,
dyspnea, tachypnea, new onset tachycardia,
cyanosis of skin,
**fatigue, lethary, loss of appetite,
**loss physical function,
**myalgias(muscle pain),
shaking chills(rigor)
#1 cause of death in the US Correct Answers Cardiac
conditions
2 types pneumonia Correct Answers 1.community acquired
2.nosocomial
-1st mortality nosocomial 2nd morbidity nosocomial US
33% of older person hospitalization Correct Answers CHF
activity theory Correct Answers sociological
older adults should stay active and engaged to age successfully
aging changes with the heart-NORMAL Correct Answers CO
decreases, decreased number of SA nodes, decreased
responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation (ANS),
,baroreceptors less efficient (detect pressure of blood running
thru them)
angioplasty Correct Answers stent in arteries, needs blood
thinner rest of life to avoid clot around stent
aortic stenosis Correct Answers major cause is calcified
degenerative stenosis,
buildup on aortic valve
decrease CO,
^left ventricular hypertrophy
aortic stenosis diagnosis Correct Answers history-SOB
Physical exam-*murmur of aortic valve*(2nd intercostal space)
*echocardiogram*-makes definitive diagnosis
aortic stenosis treatment Correct Answers anti coagulant
anti hypertensive
mechanical valve
porcine, pig, or human valve replacement-only correction
cardiac catheterization, improve but not correct
aspiration pneumonia Correct Answers aspirated materials-
gastric components, enterobacteriae, blood, liquids
transmission-entry of foreign substance into respiratory tract
chemical irritants-chlorine gas, industrial chemicals,
solvents/pesiticides, fires, handling of grain
asthma Correct Answers --chronic inflammatory disorder of
airways
--chronic inflammation leads to ^airway hyperresponsiveness
, --widespread/variable airflow obstruction
atherosclerosis Correct Answers plaque build up
peripheral ARTERY disease
atrial fibrillation Correct Answers no single place heart beat
starts, not all in SA node
feel fluttering of chest with activity or rest
requires medical evaluation
irregular heartbeat
atrial fibrillation causes Correct Answers untreated
hypertension,
valvular stenosis(stretching atria),
ischemic heart disease/angina,
rapid pulse,
not life threatening but has complications
atrial fibrillation treatment Correct Answers restore rhythm
anti arrhythmic meds
meds to slow ventricular rate
anticoagulant meds(ASA, coumadin, heparin)
internal pacemaker,
*cardiac ablation*-destroy tissue causing abnormal heart rhythm
bacterial pneumonia Correct Answers person-person
streptococcus pneumoniae
staphylococcus aureus
haemophilus influenzae
enterobacteriae (usually w. aspiration pneumonia)
