HPS210 Final Exam Questions With
Verified Answers
lore about machinery - ANSWER scientists started to explore connections between
specific machines and natural processes
most influential connections between machines and nature (2) - ANSWER - Harvey's
treatment of human heart as a special kind of pump
- Kepler's treatment of human eye as a pinhole camera with focusing properties
known for optics - ANSWER Kepler
Brahe - ANSWER found that lunar diameter appeared smaller during solar eclipse than
at other times, so either moon changes size or moved further away from earth during
eclipse
what did Kepler say about the moon diameter appearing smaller during solar eclipse
than at other times? - ANSWER Kepler said changing diameter of moon was caused by
intersection of optical mechanism with rays of light (deception is built onto pinhole
camera)
Kepler and retina - ANSWER Kepler said act of seeing involves painting an inverted
picture on retina, like picture that appears on back of camera obscura
who said that the world is seen differently through eyes of other animals? - ANSWER
Kepler
who studied the heart? - ANSWER Galen
Harvey - ANSWER - planned program on respiration, functions of brain and spleen,
animal locomotion and anatomy
- dissected eight different species of animals
who came up with universal cause of motion? - ANSWER Descartes
who came up with law of conservation? - ANSWER Descartes
who accepted Aristotle's "nature abhors a vacuum"? - ANSWER Descartes
what did Descartes say the fundamental property of matter is? - ANSWER extension
who came up with vortex theory of planetary motion? - ANSWER Descartes
Descartes and motion - ANSWER - all motion is conserved
, - a particle has the tendency to move in a straight line
- motion is relational property (the change of distance between two bodies)
- motion is conserved by God
two causes of motion - ANSWER universal and primary cause
Descartes' first law of nature - ANSWER each thing always remains in same state
Descartes' second law of nature - ANSWER all movement is along straight lines
Descartes' third law of nature - ANSWER a body about to come in contact with a weaker
one, loses as much as it transfers to the weaker body (depends on velocity and size)
inertia doesn't play a role in his planetary system - ANSWER Descartes
vortex - ANSWER because of circular motion, particles collide with one another and
because they break off into smaller pieces, the small pieces accumulate in the center of
each vortex causing a whirlpool or vortex of matter
Planetary system as a vortex (who and what does that mean?) - ANSWER - Descartes
idea
- a bunch of vortexes pressing on each other
- planets do what they do bc pressure from other vortexes press against (in conjuction
with centripetal force, like tetherball)
scum and sun spots - ANSWER sun spots are caused by particles boiling up onto the
surface of the sun and that's called scum
what's a decaying star? (Descartes) - ANSWER when scum extends over entire surface
of a star
what's a comet? (Descartes) - ANSWER if a decaying star velocity is greater than any
part of the vortex, it will jump into another vortex and that's a comet
what's a planet? (Descartes) - ANSWER when the velocity of star is the same as the
vortex, it will revolve in the vortex and be wrapped in particles and this star is called a
planet
how did Descartes explain gravity? - ANSWER Descartes said celestial matter that
circulates in all directions around the earth tends to push all terrestrial objects towards
Earth
who agrees with Descartes planetary system? - ANSWER Newton agreed with
Descartes theory until he solved Halley's problem and then gave up Descartes' theory
why was Descartes' theory of the planetary system popular? - ANSWER - because it was
mechanical
Verified Answers
lore about machinery - ANSWER scientists started to explore connections between
specific machines and natural processes
most influential connections between machines and nature (2) - ANSWER - Harvey's
treatment of human heart as a special kind of pump
- Kepler's treatment of human eye as a pinhole camera with focusing properties
known for optics - ANSWER Kepler
Brahe - ANSWER found that lunar diameter appeared smaller during solar eclipse than
at other times, so either moon changes size or moved further away from earth during
eclipse
what did Kepler say about the moon diameter appearing smaller during solar eclipse
than at other times? - ANSWER Kepler said changing diameter of moon was caused by
intersection of optical mechanism with rays of light (deception is built onto pinhole
camera)
Kepler and retina - ANSWER Kepler said act of seeing involves painting an inverted
picture on retina, like picture that appears on back of camera obscura
who said that the world is seen differently through eyes of other animals? - ANSWER
Kepler
who studied the heart? - ANSWER Galen
Harvey - ANSWER - planned program on respiration, functions of brain and spleen,
animal locomotion and anatomy
- dissected eight different species of animals
who came up with universal cause of motion? - ANSWER Descartes
who came up with law of conservation? - ANSWER Descartes
who accepted Aristotle's "nature abhors a vacuum"? - ANSWER Descartes
what did Descartes say the fundamental property of matter is? - ANSWER extension
who came up with vortex theory of planetary motion? - ANSWER Descartes
Descartes and motion - ANSWER - all motion is conserved
, - a particle has the tendency to move in a straight line
- motion is relational property (the change of distance between two bodies)
- motion is conserved by God
two causes of motion - ANSWER universal and primary cause
Descartes' first law of nature - ANSWER each thing always remains in same state
Descartes' second law of nature - ANSWER all movement is along straight lines
Descartes' third law of nature - ANSWER a body about to come in contact with a weaker
one, loses as much as it transfers to the weaker body (depends on velocity and size)
inertia doesn't play a role in his planetary system - ANSWER Descartes
vortex - ANSWER because of circular motion, particles collide with one another and
because they break off into smaller pieces, the small pieces accumulate in the center of
each vortex causing a whirlpool or vortex of matter
Planetary system as a vortex (who and what does that mean?) - ANSWER - Descartes
idea
- a bunch of vortexes pressing on each other
- planets do what they do bc pressure from other vortexes press against (in conjuction
with centripetal force, like tetherball)
scum and sun spots - ANSWER sun spots are caused by particles boiling up onto the
surface of the sun and that's called scum
what's a decaying star? (Descartes) - ANSWER when scum extends over entire surface
of a star
what's a comet? (Descartes) - ANSWER if a decaying star velocity is greater than any
part of the vortex, it will jump into another vortex and that's a comet
what's a planet? (Descartes) - ANSWER when the velocity of star is the same as the
vortex, it will revolve in the vortex and be wrapped in particles and this star is called a
planet
how did Descartes explain gravity? - ANSWER Descartes said celestial matter that
circulates in all directions around the earth tends to push all terrestrial objects towards
Earth
who agrees with Descartes planetary system? - ANSWER Newton agreed with
Descartes theory until he solved Halley's problem and then gave up Descartes' theory
why was Descartes' theory of the planetary system popular? - ANSWER - because it was
mechanical
