Nutrition through the Life Cycle Final
Exam Reviewed CORRECT ANSWERS
six categories of nutrients? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fat, carbohydrate, protein, water,
vitamins, minerals
The macronutrient containing carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen is: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Protein
Protein should contribute approximately _____ of your energy intake. - CORRECT
ANSWER-10-35%
It is recommended that _____ of Calories come from carbohydrates. - CORRECT
ANSWER-45-65
Stages of Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-Early Adulthood:20-39
Midlife: 40-64 years
Sandwich: the 50s
Old Age: 65+
Old Age Characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER-- transition to retirement
- more leisure time - greater attention to physical activity & nutrition
- food choices & lifestyle factor, especially for those with chronic disease
Physiological Changes of Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-- growing stops by the 20s
- bone density continues into the 30s
- muscular strength peaks around 25 - 30 yrs
- decline in size and mass of muscle and increase in body fat by middle adulthood
- dexterity & flexibility decline
- body composition slowly shifts in tandem with hormonal shofts
- peak bone mass between 18 & 30
- caloric expenditure declines due to decrease in metabolic rate and decrease in activity
level
Body Composition Changes toward Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-- positive energy
balance w/an increase in weight & adiposity & a decrease in muscle mass
- fat redistribution - gains in the central & intra-abdominal space, decrease in
subcutaneous fat
, Losing Weight Advice - CORRECT ANSWER-- 1 lb of body fat = 3500 calories
- realistic weight loss goal: 1-2 lbs/week
- deposit of 3500 calories by creating a negative balance of 500 calories per day
Vegan Diet - CORRECT ANSWER-- no animal foods of any kind, no honey, dairy, eggs,
etc
National Cholesterol Education Program - CORRECT ANSWER-- total fat intake from
25-35% of calories
- dietary cholesterol <200mg/day
- CHO from 50-60 g/day
- weight reduction for obese
- at least or equal to 200 cal/day spent for physical activity
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER-- central body fat increases risk
- insulin resistance + insulin deficiency related to obesity
- most common type of diabetes
- 80 million people worldwide have diabetes I or II
Metabolic Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-- seen in 20-30% of US adults
- metabolic abnormalities that increase risk of type 2 diabetes
- cluster: increase in central body fat, increase in blood insulin, and low HDL
Guidelines for Alcohol consumption - CORRECT ANSWER-US - drink in moderation
Nutrient Recommendations for Percent Fat - CORRECT ANSWER-20-35%
Hormonal Factors of Obesity - CORRECT ANSWER-- Thyroid Hormones: increases in
metabolism by hypothyroidism
- Insulin - increases synthesis and store of fat
- Leptin - increases satiety
- Ghrelin - increases intake, decreases metabolism and fat use
Calculate BMI - CORRECT ANSWER-- multiply body weight in pounds by 703
- divide that number by height in inches
- divide that number by height once more
- BMI does not accurately measure weights of athletes with high muscle mass, low
muscle mass, large bone density, or dehydrate/over-hydrated
BMI Classifications - CORRECT ANSWER-Underweight - <18.5 BMI
Normal - 18.5-24.9
Overweight - 25-29.9 BMI
Obesity - BMI 30+
Morbid Obesity - BMI 40+
Exam Reviewed CORRECT ANSWERS
six categories of nutrients? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fat, carbohydrate, protein, water,
vitamins, minerals
The macronutrient containing carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen is: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Protein
Protein should contribute approximately _____ of your energy intake. - CORRECT
ANSWER-10-35%
It is recommended that _____ of Calories come from carbohydrates. - CORRECT
ANSWER-45-65
Stages of Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-Early Adulthood:20-39
Midlife: 40-64 years
Sandwich: the 50s
Old Age: 65+
Old Age Characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER-- transition to retirement
- more leisure time - greater attention to physical activity & nutrition
- food choices & lifestyle factor, especially for those with chronic disease
Physiological Changes of Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-- growing stops by the 20s
- bone density continues into the 30s
- muscular strength peaks around 25 - 30 yrs
- decline in size and mass of muscle and increase in body fat by middle adulthood
- dexterity & flexibility decline
- body composition slowly shifts in tandem with hormonal shofts
- peak bone mass between 18 & 30
- caloric expenditure declines due to decrease in metabolic rate and decrease in activity
level
Body Composition Changes toward Adulthood - CORRECT ANSWER-- positive energy
balance w/an increase in weight & adiposity & a decrease in muscle mass
- fat redistribution - gains in the central & intra-abdominal space, decrease in
subcutaneous fat
, Losing Weight Advice - CORRECT ANSWER-- 1 lb of body fat = 3500 calories
- realistic weight loss goal: 1-2 lbs/week
- deposit of 3500 calories by creating a negative balance of 500 calories per day
Vegan Diet - CORRECT ANSWER-- no animal foods of any kind, no honey, dairy, eggs,
etc
National Cholesterol Education Program - CORRECT ANSWER-- total fat intake from
25-35% of calories
- dietary cholesterol <200mg/day
- CHO from 50-60 g/day
- weight reduction for obese
- at least or equal to 200 cal/day spent for physical activity
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER-- central body fat increases risk
- insulin resistance + insulin deficiency related to obesity
- most common type of diabetes
- 80 million people worldwide have diabetes I or II
Metabolic Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-- seen in 20-30% of US adults
- metabolic abnormalities that increase risk of type 2 diabetes
- cluster: increase in central body fat, increase in blood insulin, and low HDL
Guidelines for Alcohol consumption - CORRECT ANSWER-US - drink in moderation
Nutrient Recommendations for Percent Fat - CORRECT ANSWER-20-35%
Hormonal Factors of Obesity - CORRECT ANSWER-- Thyroid Hormones: increases in
metabolism by hypothyroidism
- Insulin - increases synthesis and store of fat
- Leptin - increases satiety
- Ghrelin - increases intake, decreases metabolism and fat use
Calculate BMI - CORRECT ANSWER-- multiply body weight in pounds by 703
- divide that number by height in inches
- divide that number by height once more
- BMI does not accurately measure weights of athletes with high muscle mass, low
muscle mass, large bone density, or dehydrate/over-hydrated
BMI Classifications - CORRECT ANSWER-Underweight - <18.5 BMI
Normal - 18.5-24.9
Overweight - 25-29.9 BMI
Obesity - BMI 30+
Morbid Obesity - BMI 40+
